Glossary from Bright's Anglo-Saxon Reader

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Page 241

A

(, oo) adv aye, ever, always

f law

[Ger Ehe]

abbod m abbot

[Lat abbtem]

abbudisse f abbess

[Lat abbtissa]

-bodan (principal parts: pret sg:-bad pret pl:-budon pp:-boden ) 2 enjoin, announce

-beran (principal parts: pret sg:-bær pret pl:-bron pp:-boren ) 4 bear, endure

-bdan (principal parts: pret sg:-bad pret pl:-bidon pp:-biden ) 1 abide, remain

-bisgian (-bysgian) WII engage, occupy

[bysig]

-bisgung f occupation

blenden WI make blind, darken

[Ger blenden]

-blinnan (principal parts: pret sg:-blann pret pl:-blunnon pp:-blunnen ) 3 cease

[<be-linnan cf. le]

brecan (principal parts: pret sg:-bræc pret pl:-brcon pp:-brocen ) 4 break down, destroy

-bregdan (principal parts: pret sg:-brægd pret pl:-brugdon pp:-brogden ) 3

  1. smite (intr)
  2. withdraw (trans)
    • imp 2 sg bregd

-broan (principal parts: pret sg:-bra pret pl:-bruon pp:-broen ) 2 frustrate, ruin (trans)

-bwan WI prepare, equip, adorn

[ban]

ac (ah) conj but

cennan WI beget, bring forth

Achia f Achaia

-clian WII become cool

Page 242

csian (hsian, xian, scian) WII ask

-cweccan WI shake (trans and intr)

-cwelan (principal parts: pret sg:-cwæl pret pl:-cwlon pp:-cwolen ) 4 die

-cwellan WI kill

[cwelan]

-cwean (principal parts: pret sg:-cwæ pret pl:-cwdon pp:-cweden ) 5 speak

-can WI reveal, proclaim

[c]

d m fire, funeral pile

[OHG eit, Gr ]

d-lg m flame of the pyre

-dlegian (-dlegian) WII blot out, obliterate

[Ger tilgen]

dl f (n) disease

dlig adj diseased, sick

-drfan WI drive away, expel

dre adv forthwith, quickly

-drogan (principal parts: pret sg:-drah pret pl:-drugon pp:-drogen ) 2 endure, experience, practice

-drfan (principal parts: pret sg:-drf pret pl:-drifon pp:-drifen ) 1 drive away

-dwscan WI quench, extinguish

-ddan WI put to death

[dad]

-dlegian see:-dlegian

-ebbian WII ebb away, recede

fandian WII make trial of, experience

-faran (principal parts: pret sg:-fr pret pl:-fron pp:-faren ) 6 go, march

-fran WI make afraid, terrify

-fæstnes f piety

-feallan (principal parts: pret sg:-foll pret pl:-follon pp:-feallen ) R fall

-fdan WI feed, sustain

fen n evening

fen-giefl n evening repast, supper

æfest (æfst) f n disfavor, envy, malice

[æf-st, OHG abunst]

-fest see:w-fæst

-festnes see:-fæstnes

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-flon (principal parts: pret sg:-flah pret pl:-flugon pp:-flogen ) 2

  1. fly (intr)
  2. fly from (trans)
    • 3 sg flh

-flgan WI put to flight

[flon]

-flman WI cause to flee, drive out

[flam]

-forhtian WII frighten

fre adv ever

æftan adv from behind, behind

æfter prep (w dat)

  1. after (time and place)
    • æfter issum after this (adv)
    • æfter æm thereafter (adv)
  2. along (place)
  3. according to
  4. adv afterwards

æfter-fyligan WIII follow after

æfter-genga m successor

-fyllan WI fill: inf

[full]

-fyllan WI cause to fall, destroy

[feallan]

-fyrhtan WI frighten

-fyrran WI remove, take away

[feorr]

-fsan WI

  1. hasten forth (intr)
  2. incite to go (trans)
    • pp fsed
[fs]

g n egg

gan PP possess

[Mod own]

-gn (principal parts: pret sg:-ode pp:-gn ) go

agn see:ongan

gen (pp) adj own

[gan]

-gotan (principal parts: pret sg:-gat pret pl:-guton pp:-goten ) 2 pour, shed

[Ger giessen]

-gtan WI injure, kill: pp gted

-gifan (-giefan -gyfan) (principal parts: pret sg:-geaf pret pl:-gafon pp:-gifen ) 5 give, relinquish, return

g-hw pron each, every

g-hwr adv everywhere

g-hwæer (ger, er)

  1. pron, each (one of two or more)
    • ns ger
    • gs gres
    • ds grum
    • as gerne
  2. conj
    • g-hwæer ge ... ge both ... and
    • ger ge ... ge both ... and
    • er oe oe either ... or

Page 244

g-hwilc pron each

g-hwonan adv from all sides, on all sides

glca (glca) m monster, fiend

[Goth aglaiti]

gnian WII possess, assume as one's own

[gen]

ger see:g-hwæer

-gyldan (-gieldan) (principal parts: pret sg:-geald pret pl:-guldon pp:-golden ) 3

  1. repay, requite
  2. punish

-gyltan WI offend, sin

ah (ac) conj but

-hebbad see:-ebbian

-hebban (principal parts: pret sg:-hf pret pl:-hfon pp:-hafen ) 6 heave, life, raise, exalt

-hn (principal parts: pret sg:-hng pret pl:-hngon pp:-hangen ) R hang (trans)

-hreddan WI save, deliver, rescue

-hrosan (principal parts: pret sg:-hras pret pl:-hruron pp:-hroren ) 2 fall

hsian see:csian

ht f possession, property

[gan]

ht-ge-stron n possession, riches

-hdan WI hide

-dligan WI profane

-ldan WI

  1. lead, conduct
    • 3 sg lde; læt
    • imp 2 sg ld
    • pp ldd
    • np ldde
  2. proceed, grow
    • pret opt 3 sg lde

lan WI trans and intrans kindle, burn

lc pron subst and adj each, any

ælde (ielde, ylde) m pl men

[eald]

aldor see:ealdor

aldor-monn (ealdor-) m chief, magistrate

-lecgan WI lay down, allay, overcome, refute

[licgan]

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led m fire

-lfan see:-lfan

-logan (principal parts: pret sg:-lah pret pl:-lugon pp:-logen ) 2 lie, deny (w dat of pers and acc of thing)

æl-fremed see:el-fremed

æl-gylden adj of pure gold

all see:eall

ælmes-georn adj liberal of alms, charitable

ælmesse f alms

[(Gr) Lat elemosyna]

æl-mihtig adj almighty

æl-odig see:el-odig

æl-odisc see:el-odisc

-lybban WIII live

lfan (-lfan) WI allow, permit, grant (w dat of pers and acc of thing)

-lsan WI loosen, release, ransom

amang see:on-ge-mong

ambor m measure

[Ger Eimer]

ambyre adj favorable

[<and-byre]

-merian WI free from dross, purify, refine

-metan 5 measure, estimate

-myrran WI mar, destroy, hinder

an see:unnan

n num adj

  1. one, certain one (indef art), a, an
    • ns n
    • ds num, nre [???]
    • as nne, nne, n
    • gp nra
    • on n right on, continuously
    • nra gehwæs of each one
  2. alone
    • ns na
    • as nne
    • ap na, n
    • æt n only that

an-be-stingan 3 thrust in, insert

an-bdan see:on-bdan

and (ond) conj and

anda m zeal, indignation, malice, injury

[Ger ahnden]

and-bidian WII wait

an-dfn f fitting amount, proportion

[dafenian]

andetnis f confession

andettan (ondettan) WI confess, acknowledge

[and-htan]

and-fenge adj acceptable

[fn]

and-giet (-git) n intelligence, reason, sense, meaning

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and-gitfull adj intelligent

and-gitfullce adv intelligibly

and-lang adj continuous, entire

and-leofen f living, food, sustenance

an-drden see:on-drden

Andred m the 'Weald' (the great forest in Kent and Sussex)

and-swarian see:ond-swarian

and-swaru (ond-) f answer

and-weard adj present

and-wlita m countenance, appearance

[wltan; Ger Antlitz]

and-wyrdan WI answer

n-faldnes adj unity, simplicity

n-feald adj one-fold, single, unmixed, superior

n-fealdlche adv in the singular number

n-for-ltan (principal parts: pret sg:-lt pret pl:-lton pp:-lten ) R leave, abandon

Angel n Anglen (Denmark)

Angel-cynne (Ongel) n Angle kin, English people, England

an-ge-weald (=an-weald) power, dominion

an-ginn see:on-ginn

Angle m pl the Angles, Anglicans, English

an-grslc adj grisly, hideous, horrible

n-grsenlce (-grsenlce) adv hideously

n-haga (-hoga) m solitary, recluse, wanderer

anhangen see:on-hn

nig adj only

nig pron adj any

an-lc see:on-lc

n-lc adj unique, peerless, excellent

n-lcnes see:on-lcnes

n-lpig (n-lpig n-lpe) adj single, individual

n-mdla (on-) m arrogance

[md]

n-mdlce adv unanimously

n-mdnes f unanimity

n-nis f unity

n-rd (on-) adj resolute

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n-rdnis f constancy

an-settan WI put upon, impose

n-streces (gen) adv continuously

an-sund see:on-sund

an-sundnis see:on-sundnis

an-sn see:on-sen

Ante-crst m Antichrist

an-rce see:on-rce

n-weald see:on-weald

apostol m apostle

apostolc adj apostolic

æppel m apple

æpplian WII make into the form of apples, emboss

Apulder m Appledore

r m

  1. honor, favor, mercy
    • gs re
  2. property, possessions
    • as re
[Ger Ehre]

r m messenger

[Goth airus]

r f oar

r comp adj former, preceding

r

  1. comp adv earlier, formerly, before
    • comp ror
    • supl rest
  2. conj ere, before that (usually followed by the opt)
  3. prep (w dat) before (time)

-rd adj inexorable

-rdan WI read

-rfnan (-refnan) WI perform, endure

-ræfnian WII endure

-rman WI arise

-rran WI raise, erect, build

[rsan]

ærce-bisceop (arce-) m archbishop

r-dæg m former day

-reccean WI expound, translate, recount

-redian WII arrange

ren adj made of brass, brazen

[r, Goth ais]

rende n errand, message

rend-fæst adj bound on an errand

rend-ge-writ n message, letter

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rend-raca (-wreca) m messenger

r-fæst honorable, virtuous, merciful

r-fæastnis f virtue

r-hwæt adj eager for glory

rian WII

  1. honor, show favor
    • 3 sg ra
  2. desist, cease
    • imp 2 sg ra

-rsan (principal parts: pret sg:-rs pret pl:-rison pp:-risen ) 1 arise

rst m f n resurrection

r-las adj dishonorable, wicked

arn see:yrnan

ærnan WI cause to run; ride, gallop

[yrnan]

rne-merigen m early morning

rodlce adv quickly, vigourously

r-wacol adj early awake

r-wur (-weor) worthy of honor, venerable

r-wurian (-weorian) WII honor

r-wurlce adv honorable, reverentially

r-wurnis f reverence, honor

s n food, prey, carrion

[Ger Aas]

-swan R sow

æsc m

  1. ash, spear
    • gp asca
  2. boat, ship (of Danish ships)
    • ap æscas

asce (axe) f ashes

-sceacan (principal parts: pret sg:-scc,-scoc pret pl:-sccon,-scocon pp:-sceacen ) 6 shake

æsc-here m (ash-) spear-army, ship-army

æsc-holt n spear-shaft

scian see:csian

-scnan (principal parts: pret sg:-scn pret pl:-scinon pp:-scinen ) 1 shine

-scfan (principal parts: pret sg:-scaf pret pl:-scufon pp:-scofen ) 2 shove, push

-scran WI make clear, transparent

[scr]

-secgan WIII say, relate

-sendan WI send

-settan WI set, place, transport oneself, go

[sittan]

Page 249

-singan 3 sing

-sittan (principal parts: pret sg:-sæt pret pl:-ston pp:-seten ) 5 sit fast, ground (of ships)

-slan 6 strike, cut off

-smian WII forge, work

-spendan WI spend, expend

-spring n spring of water, fountain

-springan 3 spring up, spread

-standan 6 stand

æstel m book-mark

[Lat hastula]

-stellan WI set up, restore, establish

-sterian see:-styrian

-stgan (principal parts: pret sg:-stg,-sth pret pl:-stigon pp:-stigen ) 1 ascend, mount (trans and intr), spring up, enter or leave a ship, go

-stingan 3 pierce

-streccan WI stretch, extend, prostrate

-styrian (-sterian) WI stir, agitate, move (trans)

-sundrian WII separate (trans)

a-sundron (-sundran) adv asunder, apart, privately

-swebban WI put to sleep, quiet

[swefan]

-syndrode see:-sundrian

æt pret w dat

  1. at, in (time, place, circumstance)
  2. of, from (w verbs of asking, receiving, taking, buying)

t m f

  1. anything to be eaten, food
    • gs tes
  2. the act of eating
    • ds te
[etan]

æt-bregdan (principal parts: pret sg:-brægd,-brd pret pl:-brugdon,-brdon pp:-brogden,-broden ) 3 take away, deprive, release

æt-awed see:æt-owian

-tellan WI tell, relate

-ton (principal parts: pret sg:-tah pret pl:-tugon pp:-togen ) 2 draw

-torian WII become exhausted, fail

æt-owian WII appear (intr), show, manifest (trans)

[Goth at-augjan]

Page 250

æt-foran prep (w dat) before

æt-gædere adv together

æt-ltian WII lurk out of sight, hide

[cf Mod loiter]

-tredan 5 tread

æt-somne adv together

æt-standan 6 stand, remain

ttor (tor) n poison

[Ger Eiter]

ttor-bre adj poisonous

ttren (tren) adj poisonous

æt-wtan (o) (principal parts: pret sg:-wt pret pl:-witon pp:-witen ) 1 twit, reproach (w dat)

[cf. ed-wt]

æt-wan (-wan) WI [cf. æt-owian] appear (intr), show, manifest (trans)

m oath

[Ger Eid]

æel-boren (pp) adj of noble birth

æel-borennis f nobleness of birth

æele adj noble, excellent

[Ger edel]

æele adv nobly

æeling m noble, prince

æellce adv nobly

æelnes f nobility

æelo f nobility

æel-stenc m excellent fragrance

æel-tungol n m noble star

-enian WII; [S 400 n 2] stretch out

[Ger dehnen]

er see:g-hwæer

-indan (principal parts: pret sg:-ond pret pl:-undon pp:-unden ) 3 swell, puff up

-strian WII become dark, obscured

[eostru]

Aulfing (= Æelwulfing) m son of Æthelwulf

-wan 6 wash

w see:

-wæcnan [S 392 n 1] awake (intr)

-wgan WI annul

-weccan WI awake, arouse, incite

-wdan WI rage

[wd]

a-weg see:weg

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-wegan 5 carry

-wendan WI turn, direct, change, translate

-weorpan (-wurpan) (principal parts: pret sg:-wearp pret pl:-wurpon pp:-worpen ) 3 cast, overthrow, reject

-wstan WI lay waste, destroy

w-fæst (-fæst) adj law-observing, pious

-wiht pron aught, anything

wisc-md adj ashamed, abashed

[Goth aiwiski]

-wc see:-wæcnan

-wreht see:-weccan

-wrtan (principal parts: pret sg:-wrt pret pl:-writon pp:-writen ) 1 write, compose

-wunian WII abide, continue

-wyrdan WI destroy

-wyrgan WI curse

[wearg]

xian see:scian

-dlian WII annul

[del]

B

bæc n back

bæc-bord n left side of a ship, larboard

[Ger Backbord, Fr babord]

bl n fire, funeral pyre

[ON bl]

bl-fr n bale-fire, funeral or sacrificial fire

bl-racu f violence of fire

bm see:bgen

bn n bone

bana m murderer

[Mod bane]

bn-fæt n (bone-vessel) body

br f bier

[beran]

Bardan-g f Bardney (Lincolnshire)

bærnan WI burn (trans)

Basingas pl m Basing (Hants)

basu adj purple (crimson)

btan WI bridle

bæ n bath, font

baian WII bathe

be (b, big) prep w dat inst; adv

  1. (nearness) by, near, along, on
    • be asten w dat east of
    • be westan w dat west of
    • be noran w dat north of
  2. (metaph. proximity) by, with, according to, concerning
    • b wrte copy
    • be m by that
    • by by that
    • be fullan fully, perfectly
    • be m concerning this
    • b s ilcan

Page 252

bacen n beacon (the sun)

bacnian WII typify, indicate, show

beadu f battle

[ON bo bovar]

beadu-cræftig adj valiant

beadu-rs m rush of battle, onslaught

beadu-weorc n work of battle

be-æftan (bæftan) prep adv (w dat) behind

bag (bah) m ring, bracelet, collar, crown

[bgan]

bah-gifa (bag-) m ring-giver, lord, king

bealcettan WI belch, send forth, utter

beald (bald) adj bold

bealdlce (bald-) adv boldly

bealo (bealu) n bale, evil, mischief

bealo-sorg f baleful sorrow

bam m tree

Bam-flot m Benfleet (Essex)

bearn n child, son

[beran]

bearo m grove, wood

batan (principal parts: pret sg:bot pret pl:boton pp:baten ) R beat

be-baian (bi-) WII bathe

Bebban-burg f Bamborough (Northumbria)

be-bodan (principal parts: pret sg:-bad pret pl:-budon pp:-boden ) 2

  1. command, bid (w dat)
    • 1 sg -bode
  2. offer, commit, entrust
    • ptc bebodende

be-bod n command

[bodan]

be-byrgan WI bury

Page 253

be-capian WII sell

be-cierran (-cirran -cyrran) WI turn (trans)

be-clyppan (bi-) WI embrace, seize

[Mod clip]

be-clsan WI inclose, shut in, imprison

[clse; Lat clausus]

be-cuman 4 come, arrive

be-dlan (bi-) separate, deprive of

bedd n bed

be-dglian (-dglian -dglian) WII obscure, bedim, conceal, keep secret

[dgol]

be-ebbian WII leave aground by the ebb, strand

be-fæstan WI fasten, fix, put in safe keeping, entrust

be-feallan R fall

be-folan 3 apply oneself (w dat)

[Ger befehlen]

be-fn (bi-) R surround, envelop, clothe, cover

be-foran prep (w dat) before

be-foran adv before

be-frn see:be-frignan

be-frignan 3 ask

be-gn irreg

  1. practice, perform, serve, occupy oneself with
    • opt 3 sg beg (w reflex acc)
    • pret 1 sg beode
    • pl -odon, -odan
    • 3 pl biodon
  2. surround

be-gang m undertaking, business

bgen (bggen) num adj both

be-geondan (-giondan) prep (w dat) beyond

be-gietan (-gitan, -gytan) 5 get, obtain, find

be-ginnan 3 begin

Page 254

be-gyrdan WI begird, surround

be-ht n promise

be-htan R promise

be-healdan (bi-) R

  1. hold, occupy, guard, protect
    • 3 sg bi-healde
  2. behold, look, observe
    • inf bi-
    • imp 2 sg beheald
    • pret 3 sg -hold
    • 3 pl -on

be-helan (bi-) 4 conceal

[Ger hehlen]

be-heonan (-hionan) prep (w dat) on this side of

be-hindan adv behind

be-hindan prep (w dat) behind

be-hfian WII behoove, require

be-hrosan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg:-hras pret pl:-hruron pp:-hroren ) 2 (fall upon) cover

be-hrowsian WII rue, repent of

be-hrowsung f repentance

be-hwyrfan WI change, convert

be-hdan (bi-) hide, conceal

be-limpan 3 concern, pertain, belong (intr)

be-lcan 2 lock, lock up, shut in

bn f prayer, petition

[cf Mod boon]

benc f bench

bend m f n bond, fetter

be-niman (bi-) 4 rob, deprive of (w acc of pers and gen or inst of thing)

benn f wound

[bana]

bodan (principal parts: pret sg:bad pret pl:budon pp:boden ) 2 offer, announce, command

bon (bon, wesan) irreg be, exist, become

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beorg (beorh) m hill, mountain

beorgan (byrgan) WI taste, partake of

beorgan (principal parts: pret sg:bearg pret pl:burgon pp:borgen ) 3 protect, preserve (w dat)

[Ger bergen]

beorh-stede m mound

beorht (biorht) adj bright, shining, glorious

beorhte (biorhte) adv brightly

beorhtnis f brightness

Beormas m pl Permians

beorn m man, retainer, hero, chief

beornan (born barn) (principal parts: pret sg:bearn pret pl:burnon pp:bornen ) 3 burn (intr)

bot (<*b-ht) n boast

botian WII boast

be-pcan WI deceive, entice

[fcen]

beran (principal parts: pret sg:bær pret pl:bron pp:boren ) 4 bear

be-rafian WII bereave, rob, despoil, dispossess (w acc of pers and gen of thing)

beren adj of a bear

be-rdan 1 pursue, surround, overtake

be-rwan R row past or round (trans)

berstan (principal parts: pret sg:bærst pret pl:burston pp:borsten ) 3 burst

be-rpan WI despoil of, plunder (w acc of pers and gen of thing)

bescfan 2 shove, push

be-son (-son) 5 see, look (intr)

be-settan (bi-) WI beset, occupy, surround, adorn

Page 256

be-sittan (principal parts: pret sg:-sæt pret pl:-ston pp:-seten ) 5 besiege

be-slan 6 strike, cut off, deprive

be-smitennis f defilement

be-standan 6 stand round, surround, beset

be-swcan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg:-swc pret pl:-swicon pp:-swicen ) 1 deceive, betray, offend, overcome

be-swcian WII evade, escape

be-tcan WI commit, commend, entrust

btan WI amend

[bt]

be-teldan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg:teald pret pl:tuldon pp:tolden ) 3 cover, hem in, surround

[cf Mod tilt; Ger Zelt]

betera see:gd

be-tweoh (-twih -twuh -tuh -tweohx -twux -tux) prep (w dat) between, among

be-twonum (-twonon -twnum -twnan) prep (w dat) between, among

be-tnan (bi-) WI close, end, enclose, imprison

[tn]

be-eccan (bi-) WI cover

[Ger decken]

be-ingan (bi-) 3 beset, encircle

[Ger dringen]

be-urne see:be-yrnan

be-wwan (principal parts: pret sg:-wow pret pl:-wowon pp:-wwen ) R blow upon

[Ger wehen]

be-weaxan (bi-) R over-grow

be-wpan R weep over, bewail

be-windan (bi-) 3 encircle, surround

be-witan PP oversee, have charge of, administer

be-witigan (-witian) WII observe

be-wltan 1 look

be-yrnan (principal parts: pret sg:-arn pret pl:-urnon pp:-urnen ) 3 run

bi-, b see:be-, be

bdan (principal parts: pret sg:bd pret pl:bidon pp:biden ) 1

  1. abide, remain
    • 3 sg bde
  2. await, expect (w gen)

biddan (byddan) (principal parts: pret sg:bæd pret pl:bdon pp:beden ) 5 ask, request (acc of pers and gen of thing)

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bi-drosan (principal parts: pret sg:-dras pret pl:-druron pp:-droren ) 2 (cause to fall away) deprive (w instr)

[cf Mod dross, dreary]

bifian (beofian) WII waver, tremble

[Ger beben]

big- see:b-

bgan (began bgan) WI bend

[bgan]

b-genga m inhabitant

b-gong (b-gang big-geng) m worship

b-leofa (big-) m sustenance, food

[libban]

bile-wit (bil-) adj innocent, pure, simple

[cf Ger billig]

bile-witnes f innocence, purity

bill n sword

[Ger bille]

bill-gesliht n clashing of swords

bindan (principal parts: pret sg:bond pret pl:bundon pp:bunden ) 3 bind

binnan (binnon) prep adv (w dat) within (time and place)

bisceop (biscop biscep) m bishop

[Lat episcopus]

bisceop-sel (-setl) n episcopal residence

bisceop-stl m episcopal seat, bishopric

bismer (bismor bysmer) n m mockery, derision, insult

bismerian WII mock, deride

bi-sorgian WII care for, fear

b-spell (big-) n parable, example, proverb

[Ger Beispiel]

biter (bitter) adj bitter, severe, disastrous, fierce

biternes f bitterness, grief

b-wist (big-) f sustenance

[wesan]

bi-wron (principal parts: pret sg:-wrh,-wrah pret pl:-wrigon,-wrugon pp:wrigen,wrogen ) 1 cover, enwrap

Page 258

blc adj shining, bright

[blcan]

blcung f turning pale, pallor

blde (bld) f blossom, fruit

[blwan]

bld m blast, breath, inspiration, prosperity, riches, glory, honor

[blwan]

bld-dæg m prosperous day

blanden-feax adj grizzly-haired

[blondan]

blæst m blaze, flame

blstan WI blow (?)

Blcinga-g f Blekingen

bld see:bld

blo-brygd n (?) combination of colors

[bregdan; Mod blee]

bltsian WII bless

[bld]

bltsung f blessing

blcan (principal parts: pret sg:blc pret pl:blicon pp:blicen ) 1 glitter, shine

[Mod blink; Ger bleichen]

blind adj blind

bliss f bliss, joy

[<bls]

blissian (blissigan) WII rejoice

ble adj blithe, glad, friendly

ble-md adj blithe of mood, friendly

bld n blood

bldig adj bloody

blondan R blend, mix, mingle

blstma (blstm) m blossom, bloom, fruit

bltan (principal parts: pret sg:blot pret pl:bloton pp:blten ) R sacrifice

blwan (principal parts: pret sg:blow pret pl:blowon pp:blwen ) R bloom, flourish

bc f book

bcere m learned man, scholar, scribe

bclc adj relating to books

boda m messenger

[Ger Bote]

bodian WII proclaim, announce, preach

Page 259

bodung f preaching

bg (bh) m (arm, shoulder) bough, branch

boga m bow

bolster m n bolster, pillow

bord n (board) shield

bord-weall m wall of shields, testudo, phalanx

bsm m bosom

bt f boot, advantage, reparation, remedy

brd adj broad

brd f (?) young bird (?)

[bregdan]

brdan WI extend, spread

[brd]

brastlian WII crackle

[Ger prasseln]

breahtm m noise, revelry, music

[Ger Pracht]

brecan (principal parts: pret sg:bræc pret pl:brcon pp:brocen ) 4 break, destroy, break forth

bregd n (?) trick, fraud, deceit

[bregdan]

bregdan (principal parts: pret sg:brægd,brd pret pl:brugdon,brdon pp:brogden,bregden ) 3

  1. brandish, draw
    • opt 2 pl bregde g
    • pret 3 sg brd
  2. braid, weave
    • pp bregden, brogden

brego (breogo) m chief, leader, lord, king

brember m bramble

brengan [(cf bringan)] WI bring

brost n breast

brost-cofa m breast-chamber, heart, mind

brost-sefa m mind, heart

Bret-wlas m pl the Britons of Wales

brice (bryce) m fragment

[brecan]

bricg-weard (brycg) m bridge-guard

bridd m young bird

brim n ocean

brim-cald (-ceald) adj ocean-cold

brim-fugol m sea-bird

brim-lend m sea-farer, pirate

brim-monn m sea-man, pirate

bringan [(cf brengan)] WI bring

Page 260

broc n injury, affliction, disease

[brecan]

brocian WII oppress, injure, afflict

brhte see:bringan

brond m brand, burning, fire

brosnian WII crumble, waste away, wither, decay

[cf Ger Brosam]

brosnung f decay

bror (brur) m brother

brcan (principal parts: pret sg:brac pret pl:brucon pp:brocen ) 2 brook, use, enjoy, possess (w gen)

brn adj brown

Brunan-burh f Brunanburh (Durham ?)

brn-ecg adj brown edged (of a sword)

bryeg (brieg) f bridge

brd f bride

bryhtm m glance, twinkling

[cf breahtm]

bryne m burning, fire, flame

bryne-gield n burnt offering, sacrifice

Bryten f Britain

brytta m distributor, dispenser

[brotan]

Bryttas (Brittas) pl m Britons

bryttigan (bryttian) WII divide, share

Bryttisc (Brittisc) adj British

b see:bgen

ban (bgan) irreg

  1. dwell (intr)
    • 3 pl bgea
    • pret 3 sg bd
    • ptc dp bgigendum inhabitants
  2. occupy, cultivate (trans)
    • 3 pl bga
    • pp sg bne, bnum, gebn, gebd

bufon (bufan; < be-ufan) prep

  1. (w dat) above
  2. (w acc) on, upon

bgan (principal parts: pret sg:bag pret pl:bugon pp:bogen ) 2 bow, bend, turn

bune f cup

Bunne f Bononia, now Boulogne (France)

br m bower, chamber

[ban]

burg (burh) f fort, borough, city

Burgenda gp m Burgundians, Burgenda land, Bornholm

Page 261

burg-lode (burh-) pl m burghers, citizens

burg-ware (burh-) pl m inhabitants of a 'burg', burghers, citizens

burna (burne, f) m bourn, stream, fountain

br-n (-egn) m chamberlain

bte conj but

bton (btan) prep (w dat)

  1. except
  2. without
  3. outside

bton (btan) conj

  1. (w opt) unless
  2. (w indic) except, except that, but only

bton adv outside

Butting-tn m Buttington

bt se bgen

bycgan (bicgan) WI buy

bydel m beadle, proclaimer, herald, minister

[bodan]

byden f measure, bushel

[L L *butna < Gr ]

byldan WI encourage

[beald]

bme f trumpet

bne see:ban

byrde adj of high birth, rank

byre m favorable opportunity

byre m child, son, descendant

[beran]

byrgan WI taste, eat

byrgan WI bury

byrgen f grave, tomb

byrne f byrnie, corslet, coat of mail

[Ger Brünne]

byrn-sweord n flaming sword

byrn-wiga m mailed warrior

byren f burden

bsen (bsen) f example

[Goth -bsns]

bysgian WII busy, occupy, disturb, oppress

bysig adj busy

bysigo f business, concern, occupation

bsnian (bsnian) WII set an example for, instruct by example

Page 262

C

cf adj bold, brave

[ON -kafr]

cflce adv boldly

camp m fight, battle

[Ger Kampf]

camp-stede m battle-field

candel (condel) f candle

candel-stæf m (candle-staff) candlestick

canon m sacred canon

[Lat canon, Gr ]

Cantwara-burg f Canterbury

carc-ern (cearc-ern, cf cweart-ern) n prison

[Lat carcer + ærn]

car-full (cear-) adj careful

carian (cearian) WII care, be concerned for

carte f chart, card (for writing upon)

[Lat charta]

csere m emperor

[Lat Caesar]

ceald (cald) adj cold

ceallian WII call

cap m cattle

[cf Mod cheap]

cap-stw f market-place

cearu (cearo, caru) f care

ceaster f fort, town, city

[Lat castrum]

ceaster-ge-ware m (pl tant) citizen

cellod adj curved, hollow, embossed

[Lat celatus]

cempa m warrior

[camp]

cne adj keen, bold

cnlce adv boldly

cennan WI beget, bring forth

Cent f Kent

ceorl m (churl) freeman (of the common class), man

ccsan (principal parts: pret sg:cas pret pl:curon pp:coren ) 2 choose

cpan WI avail oneself of, take to (w gen)

cdan WI chide, reproach (w dat)

cgan (cegan, cgan) WI cry out, call

cild n child

cild-hd m childhood

cirice (cyrice, cyrce) f church

cirlisc adj 'churlish', rustic

[ceorl]

Page 263

cirm see:cyrm

cirr (cierr, cyrr) m turn, time, occasion

[Mod char]

Cisse-ceaster f 'Cissa's fort', Chichester

clm see:cla

clne adj clean, pure

clne adv entirely

clnnes f cleanness, purity, chastity

clnsung f cleansing, chastening

cl n cloth

cla (cleo) f claw

clofan (principal parts: pret sg:claf pret pl:clufon pp:clofen ) 2 cleave, split (trans)

cleopian see:clipian

clowen n (clew), ball, globular mass

[Ger Knäuel]

clipian (clypian, cleopian) WII

  1. cry out, exclaim
    • 3 sg clypa
    • pret 3 sg clypode, cleopode
  2. cry unto, implore (w dat)
    • ptc dp clypigendum
    • pl cleopia
    • imp 2 sg clypa
    • 2 pl clypia
    • pret 3 sg clipode
[Mod obs clepe, yclept]

cldig adj rocky

[cf Mod cloud]

clypian see:clipian

clyppan WI embrace, accept

[Mod clip]

cnapa m boy, youth

[Ger Knabe]

cnearr m ship, galley

[ON knorr]

cno (cnow) n knee

cno-mg m kinsman

cnoriss f generation, family, tribe, people

cniht m boy, youth, young warrior, knight, attendant, disciple

cnyssan WI beat (trans)

[cf Ger Knorre]

clian WII cool

collen-fer (-ferh) adj proud-minded, fierce

[*cwellan]

Coln f the river Colne (Essex)

corn n corn, grain

coror n troop, flock, company

costian (costigan, costnian) WII tempt try, prove

[Ger kosten]

costnian see:costian

costnung f temptation

cou f disease

cræft m strength, might, virtue, craft, skill, art, pursuit, knowledge

Page 264

cræftiga (cræftega) m craftsman, workman, artificer

cræt n cart, chariot

Crcas (Cracas) m pl the Greeks

crodon (crdan) (principal parts: pret sg:crad pret pl:crudon pp:croden ) 2 crowd, press, hasten

cringan (principal parts: pret sg:-crong,-cronc pret pl:-crungon,-cruncon pp:-crungen ) 3 cringe, yield, fall, die

Crst m Christ

crsten adj Christian

crsten-dm m christianity

cucu see:cwic

cumbol-gehnst (gehnd) n conflict of banners

cum-pæder m godfather in his relation to the father

[Lat compater]

cuman (principal parts: pret sg:c(w)m pret pl:c(w)mon pp:cumen ) 4 come

cunnen PP can, be able, know, understand (trans and intr)

cunnian WII prove try, examine, experience (w acc or gen)

[cunnan]

c adj known, familiar, manifest

[pp < cunnan; Ger kund]

clic adj known, certain

clice adv openly, clearly, certainly

cwacian WII quake

cwalu f killing, murder, death

[cwelan]

Cwt-bryeg f Bridgenorth (Salop)

cwealm m n death, destruction, pestilence

[Mod qualm]

Page 265

cwealm-bre adj deadly

cweart-ern [(cf carc-ern)] n prison

cwelan (principal parts: pret sg:cwæl pret pl:cwlon pp:cwolen ) 4 die

cwellan WI kill

[cwelan; Mod quell]

cwellere m executioner

cwman WI please (w dat)

[cuman]

cwn f queen

Cwnas m pl a tribe of the Fins

cweorn f quern, mill

[Goth qairnus]

cwean (principal parts: pret sg:cwæ pret pl:cwdon pp:cweden ) 5 say, speak

[Mod quoth]

cwic (cwicu, cucu) adj 'quick', alive

cwic-ssl (cwyc-) n hell-torment

cwide (cwyde) m saying, utterance

[cwean]

cwide-giedd n word, utterance

cwild (cwyld) m f n destruction, pestilence, murrain

[cwelan]

cwan WI bewail (trans)

cwyc-ssl see:cwic-ssl

cf f vessel

[Ger Kübel]

cyle (ciele) m chill, cold

cyle-gicel m icicle

cyme m coming

[cuman]

cyne-dm m government, kingdom

cyne-gold n regal gold, diadem, crown

cyne-hlford m royal lord

cynelc adj royal

cyne-rce n kingdom

cyne-rymm m kingly majesty

cyng (cing) m king

cyning m king

Page 266

cynn n kin, race, family, kind

cpe-cniht m boy for sale as a slave

cp(e)-monn m chapman, merchant

cyrice, cyrce see:cirice

cyrm (cierm, cirm) m cry, alarm

cyrran (cierran, cirran) WI turn, go, return

[Ger kehren]

cyrtel m kirtle, coat, tunic

cyssan WI kiss

cystig adj virtuous, charitable

can WI make known

[c]

cu (c) f kith, kinship, home, country

D

dd f deed, action

dd-btan WI make amends, repent

dd-bt f repentance

dæg m day

dæg-hwmlc (-hwmlic) adj daily

dæg-hwmlce (-hwmlce) adv daily

dæg-rd n dawn

dægerlc adj daily, present

dæg-weorc n work of the day

dæl n dale

[Ger Thal]

dl m division, portion, part

dlan WI deal out, divide, separate, distribute

dl-neomende (dial) (ptc) m partaker

daro (dara) m dart, spear

Page 267

dad adj dead

dad-bre adj deadly

deall adj proud

dearr see:durran

da m death

da-denu f mortal vale

da-ræced (-reced) n house of death, grave

Defenas (Defnas) m pl the people of Devonshire, Devonshire

Defena-scr (Defna-) f Devonshire

delfan (principal parts: pret sg:dealf pret pl:dulfon pp:dolfen ) 3 delve, dig

dma m judge

dman WI deem, judge, determine

demm m judgment

Dene m pl Danes

Dene-mearc (Dena-; -mearce) f Denmark

Denisc adj Danish

dennian WII become slippery (?)

denu (dene) f valley

doflc adj devilish

dofol m n devil

dofol-gyld n idol

dofol-gylda m idolater

dofol-soc adj possessed of a devil

dofol-socnis f possession by a devil

dop n the deep, the sea

dop adj deep

dope adv deeply, profoundly

doplce adv deeply, profoundly

dopnis f depth, abyss

dor (dor) n wild beast or animal (of any sort)

deorc adj dark, gloomy, sad

dorling see:drling

dor-md adj bold of mind, brave

Deorwente f the Derwent

dor-wur (-wir, -weor) adj worthy of estimation, precious, honored

Page 268

Dre m pl the Deirians, inhabitants of Deira

derian WI injure (w dat)

[daru]

dacon-hd (dacon-) m office of a deacon, deaconship

degol (dgol) adj secret

dimm (dymm) adj dim, dark, gloomy

dimnis (dymnis) f dimness, gloom

Dinges (mere) proper name a proper name, or the sea of dashing and noise

dor see:dor

disc m dish

discipul m disciple

dgor n day

dgor-rm n numbering of the days, time

dohtor f daughter

dm m

  1. doom, judgment, decree, decision, choice
    • gs dmes
    • ds dme
    • as dm (stipulation)
    • is dme
  2. renown, glory

dm-ern n judgment-hall

dm-georn adj eager for renown

dmlc adj famous, glorious

dn irreg do, act, cause, put, place

Dorce-ceaster (Dorcan-) f Dorchester

draca m dragon

dram m joy, mirth

[Mod dream]

dreccan WI vex, trouble, afflict

drenc m drink

dreng m warrior

[ON drengr]

drogan (principal parts: pret sg:drag pret pl:drugon pp:drogen ) 2 endure, perform, fulfil

dror m blood

[drosan]

drorig adj dreary, sad

[drosan]

Page 269

drorig-hlor adj with sad face

drorignis f sadness

drosan (principal parts: pret sg:dras pret pl:druron pp:droren ) 2 fall, perish

[cf Mod dross]

drihten see:dryhten

drinca m drink

drincan (principal parts: pret sg:dronc pret pl:druncon pp:druncen ) 3 drink

drohta m sojourn, life

drohtian see:drohtnian

drohtnian (drohtian) WII lead one's life, live

[drogan]

drohtnung (drohtung) f conduct, condition, life

drohtung see:drohtnung

drsan (drsian W II) WI droop, drowse, become feeble

[drosan]

dr m wizard, sorcerer

[Celt dri]

drge (drge) adj dry

dryht f body of retainers, host, people

[drogan]

dryhten (drihten) m lord, prince, ruler, king

drman WI rejoice

[dram]

dryre m fall, deposit

[drosan]

dugan PP avail

[Ger taugen]

dugu (dugo) f

  1. body of retainers, host
    • ds dugue
    • gp dugua
    • dugua wyn the flower, the chief of retainers
  2. benefit, honor, riches
    • ds dugue
    • gp dugea
[dugan; Ger Tugend]

dn f down, hill, mountain

[Celt dnum]

dn-scræf n hill-cave

durran PP dare

duru f door

dst n dust

dst-scawung f contemplation of the dust

Page 270

dwscan WI extinguish, blot out

[dws: dysig]

dwelian (dwellan) WI lead into folly, deceive; be led astray, err

[cf Mod dull]

Dyflin (Dyflen, Difelin) Dublin

dym-hof n place of concealment

dre (dere, dore) adj dear, costly

drling (dorling) m darling, favorite

dyrstignes f boldness, audacity, arrogance

dysig adj foolish

[Mod dizzy]

dysig n folly

dysignes f folly

dyslc (dysiglc) adj foolish

E

see:a

a f river

[Ger Au]

ac (c) conj adv also, moreover, likewise, even

[Ger auch]

ac prep in addition to, together with, besides (w dat)

aca m addition, increase

ad n possession, riches, happiness, bliss

[cf Mod allodium]

adig adj rich, blessed, happy

[Goth audags]

adignes f happiness, bliss

ad-md see:a-md

ad-wela m generous supply, riches

eafora (eafera) m son, heir

[cf Goth afar, prep 'after']

age n eye

ag-gebyrd f eyeball (?), pupil of the eye (?)

eahta num eight

a-l interj oh! alas!

eald (ald) adj old

Page 271

Ealdan-mynster n Old-Minster

eald-cu (-c) f old, former home

eald-fæder m forefather

eald-fond m old foe, arch fiend, devil

ealdian WII become old

ealdor (aldor) m prince, chief, lord

ealdor-bisceop m chief bishop

ealdor-dm m lordship, sovereignty

ealdor-lang adj life-long, lasting

ealdor-monn m alderman, chief, ruler, magistrate, chief officer of the shire

ealgian WII defend

eall (all) adj all

eallinga see:eallunga

eallunga (eallinga) adv altogether, entirely

Eall wealdend m Ruler of all

ealu (ealu) n ale

a-lond n island

am m uncle

[Ger Oheim]

ar n ear (of corn)

earc f ark

eard m dwelling, home, country

[eore]

eard-geard m dwelling-place, earth

eardian WII dwell

earding (eardung) f habitation

Page 272

eard-stapa m land-stepper, wanderer

eard-stede m dwelling-place

eard-wc n dwelling

earfo (earfe) n difficulty, toil, hardship, torture, torment

[Ger Arbeit]

earfoe adj difficult

earfolc adj difficult, full of hardship

earfones f hardship, torture

ar-gebland n wave-mingling, ocean

earh (earg) adj cowardly

[Ger arg]

earm m arm

earm adj poor, pitiable, wretched, despicable

[Ger arm]

earm-cearig adj wretched, full of care

earming m poor wretch

earmlc adj miserable, wretched

earn m eagle

[Ger Aar]

earnian WII earn (w gen)

eart see:bon

ast adv east, in an easterly direction

astan (stan) adv from the east

a-stæ n river-bank

ast-dl m eastern quarter, the east

ast-ende m east-end

ast-engle m pl East-Angles, East-Anglia

aster-dæg (astor-) m Easter Day

ast-healf f east side

ast-lang adj extending east

ast-rce n eastern kingdom

astro (astru, astre, astron) pl tant f n Easter

ast-ryhte adv eastward

ast-seaxe (-seaxan) m pl East-Saxons

ast(e)-weard (-werd) adj eastward, easterly

ast-weg m east-way, path in the east

ae adv easily

Page 273

a-md (ad-) adj humble-minded, humble

a-mdlce (ad-) adv humbly

a-mdnes (ad-) f humility, meekness, condescension

aw-fæst (w-, -) religious, pious

eax f axis, axle tree

ebba m ebb

Ebras m pl Hebrews

Ebrisc adj Hebrew

ce (ca, cea) adj eternal, everlasting

eced m n vinegar

[Lat actum; Ger Essig]

celce adv eternally

ecg f edge, sword

cnes f eternity

ed-geong (-giong) adj becoming (or being) young again

ed-lan n reward

ed-nwe (-nowe) adj renewed, restored

ed-nwinga adv anew

edor (eodor) m enclosure, dwelling

ed-wenden f overturning, change

efen-h (-nh) f neighboring plain

[nah]

efen-hloor n equal, united harmony

efes f eaves, border, side (of a forest)

efne [(cf emne)] adv even, only, just

efn-ce adv co-eternally

efstan WI hasten (intr)

[*of-st]

eft adv again, back, afterwards

ege m fear, terror

[Goth agis]

egesa m terror, fear

egeslc adj terrible, horrible

egeslce adv horribly

htan WI pursue, persecute (w gen)

[ht]

htere m persecutor

htnis f persecution

Page 274

elcor (ælcor) adv otherwise

eldan (ieldan, yldan) delay, hesitate

[eald]

ele m oil

[Lat oleum]

el-fremed (æl-) (pp) adj separated, released, extraneous

ellen n strength, courage, fortitude, zeal

[Goth aljan]

ellen-wdnis f zeal, fervor

elles adv else

eln f ell (measure)

el-odig (æl-) adj of another nation, foreign, strange

el-odisc (æl-) adj foreign, strange

embe see:ymbe

emb-gangan R compass (trans)

emne (emn, cf efne) adv equally

emn-lang (efn-lang) adj equally long

ende m end

ende-byrdlce adv in an orderly manner

ende-byrdnes f order

endemes (endemest) adv equally, in like manner

endian WII end, bring to an end

endlyfta num eleventh

enge adj narrow, oppressive, cruel

engel m angel

[Lat angelus]

Engla-feld m Englefield (Berkshire)

Engla-land n country of the Angles, England

Englisc adj English

Englisc-ge-reord n English language

eno see:ono

ent m giant

ode, odon see:gn

eodorcan [(cf ed-rocian, ed-recan, roccettan)] ruminate

[Ger räuspern]

Eofer-wc (Efer-) n York

[cf Ger Eber]

Eofer-wc-ceaster f York

eoh m n horse

[Goth aihwa]

eom see:bon

eorcnan-stn (eorclan-) m precious stone

[Goth -airkns]

ored (orod) n company, troop, host

[*eoh-rd]

Page 275

ored-ciest (-cyst) f company, troop, host

eorl m

  1. earl (a Danish title corresponding to the native ealdorman)
    • np eorlas
    • gp eorla
  2. Applied to an ealdorman
    • ds eorle
  3. warrior

eornoste adv earnestly, fiercely

eornostlce adv earnestly, indeed

eor-bend m earth-dweller

eore f earth

eorlc adj earthly, worldly

eor-scræf n earth-cave, grave

eor-weg m earth-way

ow (ower, owic) see:

ower (ower) poss pron your

ow-land n Öland (island in the Baltic Sea)

erce-bisceop m archbishop

erce-hd m archiepiscopal dignitary

erian WI ear, plough

erm see:yrm

esne m servant, man

[Goth asneis]

esal (eosol) m ass

[Goth asilus]

st f favor, grace

[Ger Gunst]

st-full adj devout

Est-land n country of the Estas (on the eastern coast of the Baltic sea)

Est-mere m Frische Haff

Estum dp m the people of Est-land

esul-cweorn f millstone

etan (principal parts: pret sg:t pret pl:ton pp:eten ) 5 eat

ettan WI graze

el m landed property, home, native country, territory

[cf Mod allodial]

el-lond n native land

el-turf f native turf, country

Exan-ceaster (-cester) f Exeter

exl (eaxl) f shoulder

[cf Mod axle]

Page 276

F

fæc n division, space, interval, portion of time

[Ger Fach]

fcen (fcn) n deceit, treachery, wickedness

fcne adj guileful

fæder m father

fæderlc adj fatherly, paternal

fg (fh) adj colored, variegated

[Goth -faihs]

fge adj fated, doomed to death

[Ger feige]

fægen adj fain, glad, rejoicing (w gen)

fæger adj fair, beautiful, pleasant

fægere (fægre) adv beautifully, well

fægernes f fairness, beauty

fægnian WII rejoice (w gen)

fh (fg) adj hostile

[gef 'foe']

fh f feud

[Ger Fehde]

Falster prop noun Falster (island in the Baltic Sea)

fandian WII try, tempt, test, examine, seek to know

[findan]

fandung f temptation, test, usage

fær n journey, expedition

faran (principal parts: pret sg:fr pret pl:fron pp:faren ) 6 go, proceed, travel, march

færelt (færeld) m n going, motion, journey

fringa adv suddenly

[fr 'fear']

frlc adj sudden

frlce adv suddenly

fær-sceat m passage-money, fare

[cf Mod scot-free]

fr-sceaa m sudden or dangerous enemy

faru f journey

fæst adj fast, firm, secure

Page 277

fæste adv fast, firmly, securely

fæsten n

  1. fort, fortress, fastness
    • ds fæstenne
    • as fæsten
  2. fast (abstinence from food)
    • ds fæstene

fæst-hafol adj retentive

fæstlce adv firmly, securely, resolutely, bravely

fæstnian WII fasten, confirm

fæstnung f security, safety

fæt n vessel

[Mod vat]

ftels m n vessel

fæm m f embrace, grasp

fæm-rm n (fathom-number) fathom measure

feallan (principal parts: pret sg:foll pret pl:follon pp:feallen ) R fall

feallenlc (feallendlc) adj unstable

fealo-hilte adj fallow-hilted

fealu (fealo) adj fallow, pale, yellow, dusky, dark

Fearn-hamm m Farnham (Surrey)

fawe (fa; fawa, due to assoc w fela) adj pl tant few

feccan (fecgan fetian) WIII fetch

fela (feola feala fæla) n [(sometimes as adj; rarely inflected)] much, many (w gen)

[Ger viel]

feld m field, battle-field

felg (felge) f felly

[folan]

fell n fell, skin, hide

feng m grasp

[fn]

feoh (fioh, fo) n

  1. cattle
  2. goods, property, money, riches
    • gs fos
    • ds fo
    • as feoh, fioh
[Mod fee]

Page 278

feoh-gfre adj greedy of possessions, avaricious

feoh-las adj without money

feohtan (principal parts: pret sg:feaht pret pl:fuhton pp:fohten ) 3 fight

feohte f fight, battle

folan (principal parts: pret sg:fealh pret pl:fulgon,flon pp:folen ) 3 reach, penetrate

[Goth filhan]

fol-heard adj hard as a file

fond m fiend, enemy

feorh (fiorh) m n life

feorh-geong adj young in life, youthful

feorh-hord n life-hoard, spirit

feorh-hs n life-house, body

feorm (fiorm) f

  1. food, provision, goods
  2. use, benefit
    • as fiorme
[Mod farm]

feormian WII consume

feorr (far, feor) adv supl firrest fyrrest

feorr adj far, far from (w dat)

feorran (fiorran) adv from afar

fora num adj fourth

fower num four

fower-tig num forty

fower-tne (-tene) num fourteen

fran WI go, travel

ferh (fer) m n mind, spirit, heart

ferian WI; W II carry, transport

fers n m verse

[Lat versus]

fersc adj fresh

fer-loca (ferh-) m (inclosure of the spirit), spirit, heart, mind

fetor (feotor) f fetter

fa m band of foot-soldiers, troop

[findan]

feer f feather

Page 279

feer-homa m feather-garb, plumage

fc-trow n fig-tree

[Lat fcus]

fierd (fird, fyrd) f

  1. (military) expedition
    • ds fyrde
  2. (the national) army
    • ds fierde
    • as fierd
[faran]

fierdian (fyrdian) WII be on a military expedition

fierd-las adj unprotected by the army

ff num five

ffta num adj fifth

fftig num fifty

ff-tne (-tne) num fifteen

findan (principal parts: pret sg:fond pret pl:fundon pp:funden ) 3 find, come upon, supply

Finnas pl m the Finns

finta m tail

fras pl m men

firgen-stram m mountain-stream, woodland-stream

[Goth fairguni]

fisca see:fiscna

fiscere m fisher

fiscna (fiscno fisca) m fishing

fieru pl n wings

fl (fln) f m arrow

flsc n flesh

flsc-homa m (covering of flesh) body

flsclc adj fleshly, corporeal, carnal

flam m flight

flogan (principal parts: pret sg:flag pret pl:flugon pp:flogen ) 2 fly (intr)

[cf flon]

flon (flon, flogan) (principal parts: pret sg:flah pret pl:flugon pp:flogen ) 2 flee, escape (trans and intr)

flotan (principal parts: pret sg:flat pret pl:fluton pp:floten ) 2 float

flett n floor of the hall

flocc m flock, company, troop

floc-rd f a riding company, troop

Page 280

fld m f n flood, wave, tide, stream

fldan see:Pryfet

fld-wylm (wielm) m f welling flood

[weallan]

flot n deep water, sea

[Mod afloat]

flota m sailor, seaman, pirate

flwan (principal parts: pret sg:flow pret pl:flowon pp:flwen ) R flow

flyht m flight, escape

flyht-hwæt adj bold or swift of flight

flma m fugitive

[flam]

fnst m blowing, breath

fddor (fdor) n food

fdor-egu f partaking of food, repast

[iegan]

folc n folk, people, nation, army

folc-ge-feoht n general engagement, pitched battle

folcisc adj vulgar, popular

folc-stede m place of assembly, battle-field

fold-gend m (earth possessor) earth-dweller

folde f earth, land, country

[feld]

fold-wæstm m fruit of the earth

fold-weg m way, path (on the earth)

folgian (fylgean) WII; W III follow, serve, observe, obey (w dat)

folgo m service, official dignity, office

[folgian]

folme (folm) f hand

[flan 'feel']

fn (principal parts: pret sg:fng pret pl:fngon pp:fongon ) R seize, grasp, capture, take, receive

for prep w dat instr and acc

  1. (w dat, instr) before (place)
  2. (w dat, instr) for, on account of, because of, owing to (cause, condition, remedy)
    • for m (m) conj; for, because, since
    • for on
    • for an
    • for m (m) e
    • for e
    • for on e
    • for an e
    • for for this, therefore
    • for
    • for ig
    • for on
    • for hwm wherefore
    • for hwig
    • for hwon
  3. (w acc) for, instead of

Page 281

for adv (intensive) very

for f journey

[faran]

foran adv before, in front

for-bærnan WI cause to burn, to burn (trans)

for-bodan 2 forbid

for-beornan 3 burn (intr)

for-beran 4 suffer, permit

for-berstan 3 burst asunder, vanish, fail

for-bgan 2 avoid, escape

ford m ford

for-dn irreg destroy

fore prep (w acc) before (place)

for-ealdian WII become old

fore-bacen (-bacn) n fore-token

fore-genga m predecessor, ancestor

fore-gsel m preliminary hostage

[Ger Geisel]

fore-mihtig adj prepotent

fore-scawung f fore-sight, providence

fore-secgan WIII

  1. say beforehand
    • pret 1 pl -sdon
    • pl -sdan
    • pp sg -sde aforesaid
  2. foretell, predict
    • pret 1 sg -sde

fore-sprc f defence

fore-sprecan 5 speak or mention beforehand

fore-stæppan (-steppan) (principal parts: pret sg:-stp pret pl:-stpon pp:-stapen ) 6 precede (w dat)

fore-tiohhung f predestination

fore-ingian WII plead for one, defend

Page 282

fore-onc m forethought, foreknowledge

fore-witan pp foreknow

fore-wtegian WII prophesy

for-faran 6 get in front of, obstruct

for-giefan (-gifan, -gyfan) 5 give, grant; forgive

for-gifennis (-gyfennis) f forgiveness

fore-gongan R go before, precede

for-grindan (principal parts: pret sg:-grond pret pl:-grundon pp:-grunden ) 3 grind to pieces, destroy, consume

for-grpan 1 seize, snatch away

for-gyldan (-gieldan) 3 repay, requite, buy off

for-gytan (-gietan, -gitan) 5 forget

for-gytol adj forgetful

for-hæfednis f restraint, abstinence

for-heard adj very hard

for-hawan R hew, cut down

for-helan 4 conceal

for-hergian WII harry, devestate, lay waste

for-hogdnis f contempt

for-hogian WII despise

[cf. for-hycgan]

for-hradian WII hasten before, anticipate, prevent

forht adj afraid

forhtian WII fear, be afraid (intr)

forhtung f fear

for-hwæga (-hwega) adv at least, about

for-hycgan WIII despise

[cf. forhogian]

for-læ_tan (principal parts: pret sg:-lt pret pl:-lton pp:-læ_ten ) R leave, leave off, omit, abandon, neglect, lose

for-læ_tnes f remission

Page 283

for-losan (principal parts: pret sg:-las pret pl:-luron pp:-loren ) 2 lose, abandon, destroy

forma (fyrmest, firmest) supl adj first

for-niman 4 take off, destroy

for-rdan 1 intercept by riding before

for-rotian WII rot away, decay

for-sacan 6 oppose, refuse

[Mod forsake]

for-scrincan (principal parts: pret sg:-scronc pret pl:-scruncon pp:-scruncen ) 3 shrink, wither

for-scyldigan WII condemn

for-sarian WII sear, dry up, wither

for-son 5 overlook, despise, reject

for-sewennis f contempt

for-sittan 5 delay

for-spendan WI spend utterly, squander

for-spyllan (-spillan) WI spill, waste, lose, destroy

for-spyllednis f spilling, waste, destruction, perdition

forst frost

for-standan 6 understand

for-stelan 4 steal away (trans)

for-suwian (-sugian -swugian -swgian) WIII keep silent (trans)

for-swæ_lan (-swelan) WI burn, scorch (trans and intrans)

[swol; Ger schwül]

for-swelgan 3 swallow up

for-togean WII ordain

for-tredan (principal parts: pret sg:-træd pret pl:-træ_don pp:-treden ) 5 tread down

for adv forth, forwards, onwards, away; henceforth

for-fran WI depart, die

for-fr f departure, death

for-georn adj eager to advance

for-genge adj progressive, successful

for-olian WII go without, miss, lack (w dat)

Page 284

for-rysmian WII choke, suffocate

[rosm, 'smoke, vapor']

for-s m departure, death

for-weard adj enduring

for-weg m way leading forth

for-ylman WI envelop, suffocate; consume

for-weard adj forward, fore

for-wegan 5 overcome, kill

for-weornian WII wither (intr)

for-weoran (-wuran) 3 come to grief, perish

for-wiernan (-wirnan, -wyrnan) WI prohibit, prevent, refuse (w gen)

for-wordenlc adj perishable

[weoran]

for-wundian WII wound seriously

for-wuran see:for-weoran

for-wyrcan WI barricade, obstruct

for-wyrd f n fate, destruction

for-wyrdan WI perish

ft m foot

ft-ml n foot-print, space of a foot

ft-swæ n foot-print

fracod (fraco, fracu) adj of bad repute, detestable, vile, wicked

[*fra-c]

fram see:from

franca m spear

Francan pl m the Franks

Franc-land n the country of the Franks

frætwe pl f ornaments, decorations, equipments

[*fra-twe]

frætwian WII adorn

fra m lord

frcednis f danger, harm

frcennes f danger, harm

frcne adj dangerous, perilous

[cf Mod freak]

frcnes (frcnes) f danger, harm

frfran WI comfort, console, cheer

frfrend (ptc) m comforter

Page 285

fremde (freme) adj strange, foreign, alien

[from; Ger fremd]

fremian WII benefit, profit (w dat)

[from 'valiant'; Ger fromm]

frem-sumlce adv kindly

frem-sumnes f kindness, benefit

fro see:fro

frod f good-will, peace

frolce adv freely

fro-mg m free kinsman

frond m friend

frond-las adj friendless

frondlce adv in friendly manner

frorig adj cold, chill

[frosan]

freou see:fri

Frsisc adj Frisian

fretan (principal parts: pret sg:frt pret pl:frton pp:freten ) 5 devour, eat

[<for-etan]

frettan WI graze

fricgean 5 ask, inquire

[Ger fragen]

Fresa (Frsa, Frsa) (adj) m a Frisian

frignan (frnan) (principal parts: pret sg:fræn pret pl:frugnon pp:frugnen ) 3 ask, inquire

[Ger fragen]

frimdi (frindig) adj desirous, petitioning

[fricgean]

fro (fro froh froh) free

fri m n [(freou f)] peace, security, protection

[Ger Friede]

frd adj wise, prudent, skilful, experienced, old

frfor (frfer) f comfort, consolation

from (fram) prep (w dat instr); adv

  1. from (origin, departure, separation, release, distance)
  2. by, on the part of (agency)
  3. adv from, away

fromlce adv strenuously, promptly

fruma m beginning, creation; author, creator, chief

[from]

frum-sceaft f creation

frym f m beginning, origin, creation

[fruma]

Page 286

fugelere m fowler

fugel-timber n (bird-structure), young-bird

fugol (fugel) m bird

[Mod fowl]

fl adj foul

ful-gn irreg perform, carry out, fulfil (w dat)

flian WII decompose

[fl]

full (ful) adj full (w gen)

full (ful) adv fully, perfectly, very (intensive)

full-cræftig adj very efficient, virtuous (w gen)

full-fremedlce (ful-) adv perfectly

full-fremman WI do fully, fulfil, perfect

full-hlig adj very holy

fullian (fulwigan) WII baptize

fullce adv fully

fulluht (fulwiht) m f n baptism

[full; wh, 'sacred']

fultum m help

[*full-tam]

fultumian WII help (w dat)

fulwiht-hd m baptismal rank, or vow

ful-wyrcan WI complete

fundian WII strive after, intend, go

[findan]

fur-lang n furlong

[furh, 'furrow']

furor (furur) adv further

furum (furon) adv even, just, quite

fs adj ready, eager

[Mod fuss]

fyll (fiell) m fall, destruction, death

[feallan]

fylstan WI assist, help (w dat)

[*full-lst, lstan]

fr n fire

fr-bæ n fire-bath

fyrd-rinc m warrior

fren adj of fire, fiery

Page 287

fyren-lust (firen-) m sinful lust

fyrhto f fright, terror

fyrlen (fierlen) adj distant

[feorr]

fyrmest see:forma

fyrn-dagas pl m days of long ago, ancient days

[Ger firn]

fyrn-gar pl n years of long ago, ancient years

fyrn-ge-sceap n ancient decree

fyrn-ge-set n former seat or habitation

fyrn-ge-weorc n ancient work

fyrst supl adj first, chief

fyrst (first, fierst) m division of time, time, period, respite

[Ger Frist]

fyrst-mearc f marked period of time, interval

fsan WI

  1. hasten (intr)
  2. send forth, impel (trans)
    • pret 3 sg fsde
[fs]

G

gædrian (ge-gædrian, cf ge-gaderian) WII gather

gafol n tax, tribute, profit, interest

[cf Goth ga-baur]

glan WI delay, hinder

gamenian WII play, pun

[gamen 'game']

gamol-ferh adj aged

[*ga-ml]

gn (principal parts: pret sg:ode pret pl:odon pp:gegn ) go, come, walk, advance

gr m spear

[Mod gore, gar-fish, etc.]

gr-berend m spear-bearer, warrior

gr-mitting f meeting of spears or javelins, contest

gr-rs m spear-encounter, battle

gærs n grass, blade

grsecg m sea, ocean

gst (gst) m spirit

gst-cyning m spiritual king

gstlc (gstlc) adj

  1. spiritual
    • gs gæslces (dial)
    • as gstlce
    • gp -lecena
    • ap -lecan
  2. ghastly, terrible
    • ns gstlc

Page 288

gstlce (gstlce) adv spiritually

gte-hr n hair of a goat

ge conj and

[cf ger]

g see:

geador adv together

geaful m

  1. fork
  2. in pl, jaws, bird's bill
    • np geaflas
[Ger Gabel]

ge-gan PP own, possess

ge-hnian (-gnian) WII claim as one's own, take possession of

gealla m gall

ge-met(t)igian WII free, disengage from (w acc of pers and gen of thing)

[met(t)ig]

ge-an-bdian WII

  1. wait, remain (intr)
    • inf -bdian
    • imp 2 sg bda
  2. await (w gen)
    • inf -bdian

ge-and-wyrdan WI answer

ge-n-lcan WI unite

ge-an-lcian WII liken

gar (gr) n year

gearcian WII prepare

[gearu]

geard m enclosure, dwelling

gar-dæg m day of yore

geare (gearwe) adv readily, well

gearelce adv readily

ge-rian WII show mercy (w dat)

ge-ærnan WI run (or ride) for, gain by running (trans)

[yrnan]

gearo-wita m intellect

gearu (gearo) adj yare, ready

[Ger gar]

gearwian WII prepare

ge-r-wurian WII honor

ge-scian (-xian) WII learn by inquiry, hear of, discover

ge-scung f inquiry

geat n gate

geat-weard m gate-ward, door-keeper

ge-æele adj befitting noble descent

ge-xian see:ge-scian

ge-bdan WI compel, force

ge-bre n gesture, behavior, cry

[beran]

ge-bed n prayer

Page 289

ge-bodan 2 offer

ge-bor m (beer-companion), reveller

ge-beorg (-beorh) n protection, defence

ge-beorgan 3 protect, save

ge-borscipe m banquet, entertainment

gebtan WI

  1. make amends for, repent of (trans)
    • opt 3 sg gebte
    • 3 pl gebten
  2. repent (intr)
[bt]

ge-bcnian [(cf bacnian)] II betoken, indicate

ge-bdan (principal parts: pret sg:-bd pret pl:-bidon pp:-biden ) 1

  1. await, look for (w gen)
    • 3 sg -bde
  2. endure, experience

ge-biddan 5

  1. pray (w reflex acc)
    • pret 3 sg gebæd
  2. pray (w reflex dat)

ge-began (-bgan -bgan) WI bow, bend, incline, convert (trans)

[bgan]

ge-bgan see:ge-began

ge-bilde adj bold, confident

[beald]

ge-bind n combination, commingling

ge-bindan 3 bind

ge-bsnung f example

ge-blsian WII bless

ge-blissian (-blyssian) WII

  1. rejoice (intr)
    • inf -blyssian
    • ptc -blyssigende
  2. make happy (trans)
    • pp -blissad

ge-bod n command

[bodan]

ge-bræc n breaking, crashing

[brecan]

ge-brdan WI broaden, become extended

ge-bradian see:ge-brdian

ge-brdian (-bradian) WII (breed), regenerate, restore

ge-bregd n change, vicissitude

[bregdan]

ge-browan (principal parts: pret sg:-braw pret pl:-bruwon pp:-browen ) 2 brew

ge-bringan (-brengan) WI bring

ge-brocian WII afflict

Page 290

ge-brosnodlc adj corruptible

ge-bror (ru -ra) m pl tant brothers

ge-bd see:ban

ge-bn see:ban

ge-bycgan WI buy

ge-bgan see:ge-began

ge-byrd n birth, rank, condition

ge-byrgan WI taste

ge-byrian WI

  1. happen
    • 3 sg gebyre (impers)
  2. pertain, behove (impers)
[Ger gebühren]

ge-bsnian WII give good example

ge-bytle n building, dwelling

ge-camp m fight, battle

ge-cosan 2 choose, elect

ge-cegan (-cgan -cgan) WI call, name, invoke

ge-cierran (-cirran -cyrran) WI

  1. turn, change, convert, direct (trans)
    • imp 2 sg gecyr
    • pp gecierred
    • sg -cyrreda
    • pl -cyrrede
  2. turn (one's self), go, return (intr)
    • inf -cyrran
    • imp 2 sg -cyrr
    • opt 3 sg -cyrre
    • pl -cyrran
    • pret 3 sg -cyrde

ge-cgan see:ge-ciegan

ge-clnsian WII cleanse

ge-clingan (principal parts: pret sg:-clong pret pl:-clungon pp:-clungen ) 3 cling, adhere, compress

ge-cnwan R know, understand

ge-cneord-lcan WI be zealous, strive, study (intr)

g-cneordlce adv diligently

ge-cnyrdnis f diligence, earnestness, study

ge-cringan 3 cringe, yield, fall

ge-crstnian WII christianize, catechise

ge-cuman 4 come together, assemble

ge-cwme adj (becoming), acceptable, pleasing

[Ger bequem]

ge-cgan see:ge-cegan

ge-cynd f n nature, kind, generation

Page 291

ge-cynd-bc f Genesis

ge-cynde adj natural

ge-cyrran see:ge-cierran

ge-cyrrednis f conversion

ge-can WI make manifest, show

ge-cnis f manifestation, testament

ge-dafen [(cf ge-dfe)] adj fit, becoming

[Mod deft, daft]

ge-dafenian (-dafnian) WII befit, suit (impers w dat)

[Goth gadaban]

ge-dl n division, separation

ge-dlan WI deal out (tear?)

ge-dfe [(cf ge-dafen)] adj fitting, gentle, improved in condition

[Goth gadbs]

ge-deofenian see:ge-dafenian

ge-deorf n labor, hardship, difficulty

ge-dihtan WI

  1. compose, dictate, write
    • pret 3 sg -dihte
  2. direct, order
    • pret 3 sg
[Ger dichten]

ge-dn irreg

  1. do, act
    • pret 3 pl -dydon
    • pret opt 3 sg dde
  2. cause to be (trans)
    • 3 sg -d
    • 3 pl -d
  3. put into such and such a condition
  4. reach, arrive at
    • pret 3 pl -dydon

ge-dreccan WI oppress, afflict, vex, trouble

ge-drfan WI trouble, disturb, afflict

ge-drfednis f trouble

ge-drosan 2 fall, fail

ge-drincan 3 drink up

ge-drfenlc adj troublous

ge-dryht f train of attendants, retinue, company

ge-drync n drinking, carousing

ge-dwol-monn m erring man, heretic

ge-dwolsum adj misleading, erroneous

ge-dwyld n folly, error

[dwol]

ge-dyrst-lcan WI dare, presume

Page 292

ge-ealgian WII defend

ge-earnian WII earn, deserve

ge-earnung f desert, merit

ge-a-mdian WII humble, debase (w refl acc)

ge-awan see:ge-owan

ge-ed-cwycian (-cwician -cuican) WII quicken, revive

ge-ed-nwian WII renew

ge-ed-staelian WII reestablish, restore

ge-efen-lcan WI imitate

ge-ende-byrdan WI set in order, ordain, arrange

ge-endian WII

  1. end, finish (trans)
    • ger geendianne
    • pret 3 sg geendade
    • pret opt 3 sg geendode
    • pp geendod, -ad
  2. come to an end, die
    • 3 sg geenda

ge-endung f ending, end

ge-owan (-awan) irreg show

ge-fædera m godfather in his relation to the father

ge-fadian WII arrange

ge-fgian WII variegate, embroider

ge-fær n going, journey

ge-faran 6

  1. go, travel (intr)
    • pret opt 3 sg gefre
  2. travel (trans)
  3. depart out of life, die (intr)
    • pret 3 sg gefr

ge-fæstnian WII fasten, fix

ge-fa m joy, delight, gratification

ge-falc adj joyous, pleasant

ge-feccan (-fecgan -fetian) WIII fetch, take

ge-fgan WI join

ge-feoht n fight, strife, battle

ge-feohtan (principal parts: pret sg:-feaht pret pl:-fuhton pp:-fohten ) 3

  1. fight
  2. gain by fighting, win

Page 293

ge-fon 5 rejoice (w inst or gen)

ge-fra m companion, comrade

ge-fran WI travel (trans)

ge-fre adj accessible

[faran]

ge-fr-scipe m companionship

ge-feterian WII fetter, bind

ge-fetian see:ge-feccan

ge-fexod (-feaxod) adj haired, having hair

ge-fillednys f completion, fulfilment

ge-firnian WII commit a wrong, sin (intr)

ge-fleman (-flman) WI put to flight

ge-flman see:ge-fleman

ge-flt n contention, strife

[fltan; Ger Fleiss]

ge-fn R take, seize

ge-forian WII accomplish

ge-frge adj famous

[fricgan]

ge-frge n report, hearsay

ge-fremian WII [(cf ge-fremman)] perform

ge-fremman WI perform

ge-freoge (-frige) n information

[fricgan]

ge-frolsian WII set free, deliver

ge-freoian (-frioian -friian) WII protect, favor

ge-frignan 3 learn by inquiry, hear

ge-fullian [(cf gefulwian)] WII baptize

ge-fultumian WII help

ge-fulwian [(cf gefullian)] WII baptize

ge-fylce n army, troop, division

[folc]

ge-fylgan WIII follow (w dat)

ge-fyllan WI fell, cut down; deprive of (w gen)

[feallan]

ge-fyllan WI

  1. fill (w gen)
    • pp pl gefylda
  2. fulfil, complete, perform
    • 2 pl -fylla
    • opt 2 sg -fylle
    • 1 pl -fyllon
    • pret 3 sg -felde
    • pp -fylled
    • pl -fyllede
[full]

Page 294

ge-fylsta m helper

ge-fylstan WI help (w dat)

ge-fyrn adv formerly

ge-gaderian WII gather, collect, assemble (trans and intrans)

ge-gædrian see:gædrian

ge-gn [(cf gn)] irreg happen

ge-gangan R obtain (trans)

ge-gærwan see:ge-gearwian

ge-gearwian (-gæwan, dial) WII prepare

ge-glengan WI adorn

ge-gdian WII endow

[gd]

ge-gremian WII enrage

[grom]

ge-grpan (principal parts: pret sg:-grp pret pl:-gripon pp:-gripen ) 1 seize

ge-gyddian WII sing, utter

ge-gyrela m robe, dress, garment

ge-hdian WII ordain

ge-hl adj whole

ge-hlan WI heal (trans)

ge-hlgian WII hallow, consecrate

ge-htan (principal parts: pret sg:-ht pret pl:-hton pp:-hten ) R

  1. promise
    • 1 sg -hte
    • pret 2 sg -hte
  2. name
    • pp gehten
    • pl gehtene

ge-ht-land n promised land

ge-hwian WII look at, reconnoitre

ge-healdan (principal parts: pret sg:-hold pret pl:-holdon pp:-healden ) R hold, protect, maintain, observe

ge-healtsumnis f captivity

ge-hefigian WII weigh down, oppress

ge-hgan WI effect, hold (an assembly)

ge-helpan 3 help (w dat)

ge-hende (adv) prep near (w dat)

Page 295

ge-hran see:ge-heran

ge-hergian WII capture (by harrying)

ge-hieran (-hran -hran -hran) WI hear

ge-hilt n hilt

ge-hran see:ge-heran

ge-hwian WII form, fashion

ge-hlapan R leap (upon a horse), mount

ge-hlotan 2 cast or draw lots

ge-hlystan WI listen

ge-hngan WI humble, cast down

[hngan]

ge-hola m protector

[helan]

ge-hrosan 2 fall, perish

ge-hw pron each

ge-hwanon adv from every quarter

ge-hwr adv everywhere

ge-hwæer pron both, either

ge-hwelc see:gehwilc

ge-hwerfan see:ge-hwyrfan

ge-hwilc (ge-hwylc, ge-hwelc) each, every (pl all)

ge-hwyrfan (-hwierfan, -hwerfan) turn, change, convert

ge-hdan WI hide, conceal, guard

ge-hygd f n mind, thought, purpose

ge-hyhtan WI have hope, trust

ge-hran see:ge-heran

ge-hyrdan WI oppress

[heard]

ge-hrnes (-hernes) f hearing

ge-hrsumian WII hear, obey (w dat)

ge-can see:ge-ecan

ge-ct see:ge-ecan

ge-ecan (-can -can) WI increase, add to

[ac]

Page 296

ge-læccan WI seize, catch, take

ge-ldan WI lead

ge-lred pp adj learned

ge-lstan WI

  1. perform, carry out (trans)
    • 2 sg -lste
    • opt 3 sg -lste
    • pret 3 sg -lste
  2. help, stand by (intr w dat)
[Ger leisten]

ge-laian WII invite, summon

[Ger ein-laden]

ge-laung f (invitation), church, congregation

ge-lafa m belief, faith

ge-laffull adj believing

fe-laffulnes f belief, faith

ge-lecgan WI lay

ge-lfan see:ge-lifan

ge-lendan WI

  1. come to land, come, go
    • pp gelend
  2. endow with lands
    • pret 3 sg gelende
[land]

ge-lofan see:ge-lefan

ge-leornian (-liornian) WII learn

ge-lettan WI hinder, prevent

ge-lc adj

  1. like, resembling, same (as adjective standing alone)
    • as gelcan
  2. like, resembling, same w dat
    • np gelce
    • supl ns gelcost, gelcast

ge-lc n similarity

ge-lca m equal

ge-lce adv in like manner

ge-lcian WII please (w dat)

gelcnes f likeness

ge-lefan (-lfan -lfan -lofan) WI believe (w acc, dat, or gen)

ge-lf-fæstan WI make alive, quicken

ge-limpan (principal parts: pret sg:-lomp pret pl:-lumpon pp:-lumpen ) happen

ge-limplc adj fitting, suitable

Page 297

ge-lglan WII lay, deposit

ge-lme adv often, repeatedly

ge-lmlcian WII become frequent

ge-lustfullian WII please (w dat)

ge-lustfullce adv willingly

ge-lfan see:ge-lefan

ge-lfed (-lfed, pp) adj weak, infirm

[lf; Mod left (hand)]

ge-lhtan WI illumine, give sight to

ge-lsan WI release, break, tear

ge-mglc adj importunate

ge-mgnys f importunity

ge-mh (ge-mg) adj malicious, wicked

ge-mlan WI speak

gman see:geman

ge-mna m intercourse; joining (of weapons)

ge-mne adj common

[Ger gemein]

ge-mnelce adv in common, generally

ge-mre n boundary, border

ge-mael n talking, interview, harangue

ge-mearc n boundary, limit

ge-mearcian WII mark, designate

ge-met n measure

ge-met adj meet, fit

ge-mtan WI meet with, find

ge-mteng (gemting) f meeting, assembly

ge-metgian WII moderate, temper, restrain, regulate

ge-metgung f measure, regulation, order

ge-metlce adv moderately

ge-miltsian WII show mercy (w dat)

ge-molsnian WII moulder, decay

ge-mong n crowd, throng

ge-mt n meeting, assembly, council, concourse, encounter

ge-munan PP remember, call to mind, be mindful of

Page 298

ge-mundbyrdan WI protect

ge-mynd f n memory

ge-myndgian (-myngian) WII keep in mind, remember

ge-myndig adj mindful of (w gen)

ge-myntan WI have in mind, intend

gn (gna, gen gena) adv yet, still, even

ge-nadian WI compel

ge-neahhe (ge-nehe) adv enough, frequently, often

ge-na-lcan WI approach

ge-nat m companion

[Ger Genosse]

ge-nehe see:ge-neahhe

ge-nosian WII visit, approach, (trans)

ge-nerian WI save, rescue, preserve

ge-nihtsum adj sufficient, abounding

ge-nihtsumian WII suffice

ge-nihtsumlce adv sufficiently

ge-nihtsumnes f sufficiency

ge-niman (principal parts: pret sg:nm,nam pret pl:nmon,nmon pp:numen ) 4 take

ge-nip n mist, cloud, darkness

ge-npan 1 become dark

ge-nierian (-nyerian) WII cast down, abase, condemn

ge-nierung (-nyerung) debasement, wickedness

ge-nwian WII renew

ge-nh (ge-ng) adj enough

ge-notian WII use, consume

Page 299

geofon n sea, ocean

ge-ofrian (-offrian) WII offer

geogo (giogo, iugo) f youth; giogu (young persons, collect.) (???)

gomor adj sad

[Ger Jammer]

gomor-md adj of sorrowful mood

gomrung f lamentation, moaning

geond (giond) prep (w acc) throughout (place and time)

geond-faran 6 traverse

geond-hweorfan 3 pass over, traverse

geond-lcan (principal parts: 3 sg pres:leolc pret sg:lc pret pl:lcon pp:lcen ) R play over, traverse

geond-lhtan WI

  1. illumine (trans)
    • pret 3 sg -lhte
    • pp pl -lhte
  2. shine over or upon (intr)
    • pret opt 3 sg -lhte

geond-scawian WII overlook, survey

geond-sendan WI send abroad

geond-encean WI think over, reflect upon

geond-wltan 1 look over (trans)

geong (giong, iung) adj young

geonglc adj youthful

ge-openian WII open

georn (giorn) adj eager, earnest, desirous (w gen)

georne adv eagerly, willingly, certainly, surely

geornfull adj eager, desirous

geornfullce adv eagerly, earnestly

geornfulnes f eagerness, zeal

geornlce adv eagerly, earnestly, attentively

ge-or-trwian WII despair of, distrust

ge-rcan WI reach, obtain

ge-rd adj trained, prudent

ge-rdan R and WI counsel, advise

Page 300

ge-rde n trappings

ge-rafian WII seize

ge-reccan WI relate, explain, count

ge-recednis f narration

ge-rfa m reeve

ge-rnian (geregnian) WII arrange, adorn

ge-reord n speech, language

ge-reordung f refection, meal

ge-restan WI rest

ge-rihtan WI correct

ge-rihte n law

ge-riht-lcan WI direct, correct

ge-ripan 1 reap

ge-risenlc adj proper, suitable

ge-risenlce adv suitably, fittingly

ge-rman WI

  1. widen, extend (trans)
    • pret 3 pl rmdon
    • pp rmed
  2. open a way (intr)
    • pp rmed
[rm]

ge-rne n secret, mystery

[rn]

ge-slig adj happy, prosperous, blessed

[sl; Ger selig]

ge-sæliglc adj happy, blessed

ge-sliglce adv happily

ge-sl f happiness, fortune, prosperity

ge-srgian WII trouble, afflict

ge-scadlce adv discriminatingly, wisely

ge-scadws adj discriminating, intelligent, rational, wise

ge-scadwsnes f discretion, reason, wisdom

ge-sceaft f

  1. creature, creation
    • ds gesceafte
    • np gesceafta
  2. destiny, decree (of fate)
[scieppan]

ge-sceap n

  1. creation
    • ds gesceape
  2. destiny
    • ap gesceapu
[scieppan]

ge-sceapenis f creation

ge-scendan (-scindan) WI put to shame, confound

[sceond]

ge-scean 6 harm, injure (w dat)

[Ger schaden]

Page 301

ge-scieppan (-scippan -scyppan) (principal parts: pret sg:-scp (-scop) pret pl:-scpon (-scopon_ pp:-sceapen (-scepen, -scæpen) ) create, make

ge-scnan 1 illuminate (trans)

ge-scindan see:ge-scendan

ge-scipian WII provide with ships

ge-scyldan WI shield, protect

ge-scyldnis f protection

ge-scyrpan WI clothe, equip

[sceorp]

ge-scyrpla m garment

ge-scan WI seek

ge-secgan WIII say, tell

ge-seglian WII sail

ge-segnian WII cross oneself

[segn]

ge-selda m hall-companion, comrade, retainer

ge-sellan WI give up, yield

ge-sman WI reconcile

[Mod seem]

ge-son (-son) (principal parts: pret sg:-seah pret pl:-swon (-sgon) pp:-sewen (-sawen -segen) ) see, observe, consider

ge-set n seat, habitation

ge-setnis f foundation, composition, narrative, decree

ge-settan WI

  1. set, place, appoint
    • pret 3 sg gesette
    • pp geseted
    • pl -sette
  2. compose, write
    • pret opt 3 sg -sette

ge-san WI confirm

[s]

ge-sewenlc adj visible

ge-sclian WII sicken

[soc]

ge-siglan WI sail

ge-sih (-syh) f seeing, sight, presence

ge-singan 3 sing

ge-son see:ge-son

Page 302

ge-sittan 5 occupy

ge-slan 6 gain by fighting, win

ge-smyrian WII annoint

ge-somnian (-samnian) WII collecty, assemble (trans)

ge-somnung f collection, assembly

ge-sprec n interview, counsel

ge-standan 6

  1. stand
    • opt 3 sg -stonde
  2. come upon
    • pret 3 sg gestd

ge-staelian WII establish, build, confirm

ge-stæig adj steadfast

ge-steall n establishment, foundation

ge-stgan 1 ascend (trans)

ge-stillan WI

  1. be still, cease (intr)
    • imp 2 sg gestille
    • pret 3 sg gestilde
    • pl gestildon
  2. restrain, stop (trans)
    • pret opt 3 sg gestilde

ge-stran (-steran, -stran) WI direct, restrain (w dat)

[stor]

ge-strangian WII strengthen

ge-stron n possession, property

ge-strnan (-strenan) WI (beget), acquire, win, gain

[ge-stron]

ge-sund adj sound, whole, safe

ge-sundfull adj sound, whole

ge-sundfullce adv safely

ge-sws adj gentle

ge-sweorean 3 become dark, sad

ge-swcan (principal parts: pret sg:-swc pret pl:-swicon pp:-swicen ) 1 cease, leave off (w gen)

ge-swinc n toil, effort, hardship

ge-swns n harmony, melody

ge-swustor (-tru -tra) f pl tant sisters

ge-swutelian (-sweotolian) show, make manifest

Page 303

ge-synto f prosperity

gt see:get

ge-tæcan WI teach, show

ge-tcnian WII betoken, signify

ge-tcnung f signification, token, type

ge-tæl n number, order, narrative

ge-teld n tent, tabernacle

ge-tellan WI tell, count, reckon

ge-tengan WI hasten

ge-ton (principal parts: pret sg:-tah pret pl:-tugon pp:-togen ) 2 draw

ge-torian WII diminish, fail, become exhausted

ge-timbre n structure, building

ge-timbrian WII build

ge-tmian WII happen

ge-tian WII grant (w dat of pers and gen of thing)

ge-toht n battle

ge-truma m troop, (military) division

ge-trymman WI prepare, strengthen, confirm

ge-tn WI instruct

ge-æf adj (with gen) favoring, confessing

ge-afian WII permit, allow, consent to

ge-afung f permission, assent

ge-and m n thought, purpose

ge-ancian WII thank (w dat of pers and gen of thing)

ge-eaht f n

  1. thought, purpose
    • ds geeahte
  2. council, deliberation

ge-eahtere m councilor

ge-encean WI think, take thought

ge-odan WI join, associate

ge-ode (-ode) n language

Page 304

ge-odnis f association

ge-icgean 5 take, receive

ge-ingian WII plead for

ge-ing (ge-ingu) f dignity, rank, office

[ingan]

ge-ht m thought

ge-olian WII permit, allow

ge-rang n press, tumult

ge-ran WI strengthen, arm

ge-ungen (pp) adj grown, triven, perfected, competent, excellent, distinguished

[on]

ge-wre adj concordant, at peace

ge-wrian WII make concordant

ge-wr-lcan WI agree to, allow (w dat)

ge-wrnes f agreement, concord, peace

ge-yld n f patience

[Ger Geduld]

ge-yldig adj patient

ge-ydlce adv patiently

ge-uferian WII exalt

ge-unnan PP grant (w dat of pers and gen of thing)

ge-un-trumian WII weaken, make ill

g-wadan 6 go, advance

ge-wgan WI weigh down, distress

ge-wald (weald) n power, control

ge-wpnian WII arm

ge-wealdan R wield, control (w gen)

ge-wman WI entice, bring over

ge-wemman WI defile, impair, destroy

ge-wemmednis f defilement

ge-wemming f defilement

ge-wendan WI return, go

ge-weorc n

  1. work, labor
    • is -weorce
  2. military work, fortification
    • ds -weorce

ge-weoran (wuran) (principal parts: pret sg:-wear pret pl:-wurdon pp:-worden ) 3

  1. happen, come to pass, become, be
    • 3 sg gewyr
    • 3 pl gewura
    • opt 3 sg geweore
    • gewure and hym let it be between you
  2. (impers w reflex acc)
    • sw sw hine silfne gewyr according to his own decree

Page 305

ge-weorian WII honor

ge-wcian WII encamp, dwell

ge-wilnian WII desire (w gen and acc)

ge-wilnung f wish, desire

ge-win-dæg m day of strife

ge-winn n struggle, strife, battle

ge-winnan 3 obtain by fighting, win, gain

ge-wiss adj certain of (w gen)

ge-wissian WII

  1. inform, instruct, enjoin (w dat)
    • pret 3 sg -wissode
  2. guide, direct (w acc)

ge-wisslce adv certainly

ge-wita m witness

ge-wtan (principal parts: pret sg:-wt pret pl:-witon pp:-witen ) 1

  1. depart, swerve, fail
    • 1 pl -wta, -wta
    • imp 2 sg gewt
    • 2 pl -wita
    • opt 3 sg gewte
    • 3 pl -ten
    • pp pl gewitene
  2. depart (from the world), die
    • 3 sg gewtt

ge-witenlc adj transitory

ge-witennis f departure, death

ge-wtnian WII punish, chastise

ge-witt n intelligence, understanding

ge-wlitigian WII beautify, adorn

ge-wrecan 4 avenge

ge-write n writing, letter, scripture

ge-wran 1 bind

ge-wuldrian WII glorify

gewuna m habit, custom

ge-wundian WII wound

ge-wunelc adj customary

ge-wunian WII

  1. dwell, remain, live
    • opt 3 pl -wunien (cogn acc)

Page 306

gewyldan WI bring into one's power, subdue

[ge-weald]

ge-wyrc(e)an WI work, make, create

ge-wyrdan WI injure, destroy

ge-wyrdelc adj historical

ge-wyrht f n work, deed, desert

ge-wyrman WI warm

ge-wyrpan WI recover (from injury or disease)

ge-wyrtian WII season with herbs, spice, perfume

ge-yrsian WII be angry with (w dat)

gieddian (gyddian) WII recite, speak

giedding f utterance

giefan (gifan gyfan) (principal parts: pret sg:geaf pret pl:gafon pp:giefen ) 5 give

gief-stl m seat of a lord (giving gifts)

giefu (gifu gyfu) f gift

gielp (gilp gylp) m n boasting, arrogance, pride

gielpan (gylpan) 2 boast (w gen)

gielt (gilt gylt) m guilt, offence, sin

geman (gman gman) WI care for, observe, regard (w gen)

gemen (gmen) f care, oversight, responsibility

get (gt gt gt gta gta) adv yet, besides, further, still

gif conj if

gfernes f greediness

gfre adj greedy

gifu see:giefu

gilp see:gielp

gilt see:gielt

gimm (gymm) m gem

gim-stn m precious stone, gem

Page 307

gin-fæst (ginn-) adj ample, liberal

go (go gu gu u o) adv formerly, before, of old

giond see:geond

gsel (gsel) m hostage

[Ger Geisel]

git see:

gt see:get

gtsian WII desire

glæd adj glad, happy, bright, shining

glædlce adv gladly

glæd-md adj glad-hearted

glm m gleam, splendor

glæs n glass

glaw adj wise, prudent

Glaw-ceaster f Gloucester

glaw-md adj wise, sagacious

gleng m f ornament

glengan WI adorn

glowian WII be merry, jest

gldan (principal parts: pret sg:gld pret pl:glidon pp:gliden ) 1 glide

glw (glg glo) n glee, mirth

glw-stæf m joy

gnornian WII mourn, lament

God m God

gd adj good

gd n

  1. benefit
    • ds goode
    • as good
    • gp gooda, gda
  2. goods, possessions

God-bearn n Son of God

god-cund adj divine

god-cundlc adj divine

god-cundlce adv divinely

god-cundnis f divine nature, divinity

gd-dd f good deed

Page 308

Godmundinga-hm m Goodmanham (Bernicia)

god-spell n gospel

god-spellere m evangelist

god-spellc adj evangelical

god-sunu m god-son

god-webb n purple (cloth)

gold n gold

gold-fæt n golden vessel

gold-hord n m treasure

gold-smi m goldsmith

gold-wine m (gold-friend), treasure giver, lord

gomol adj old

[*ga-ml]

gong (gang) m path, course

gongan (gangan, gengan) R go, walk, advance, march

Got-land n Jutland, Gothland (island in the Baltic sea)

grdelce see:grdiglce

grdig adj greedy

grdiglce (grdelce) adv greedily

grg adj gray

gram adj grim, angry, fierce, cruel

grama m anger, wrath

grnung f groaning

græs-wong m grassy plain

Grcisc adj Greek

grne adj green

grot n gravel, sand, earth

grtan WI greet

grimm adj fierce, cruel

grimme (grymme) adv grimly

grindan 3 grind, sharpen

gri n peace

[ON gri]

grwan (principal parts: pret sg:grow pret pl:grwon pp:grwen ) R grow

grund m ground, bottom, earth, country, world

grundlunga adv from the foundation, completely

gryre-lo n song of terror

g-dd (u-dd) f former deed

Page 309

guma m man, hero

g f battle

[cf Mod gon-falon]

g-freca m warrior, valiant one

g-hafoc m war-hawk

g-plega m war-play, battle

g-rinc