Glossary from Bright's Anglo-Saxon Reader
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Page 241
A
(
, oo) adv aye, ever, always
f law
- ds
[Ger Ehe]abbod m abbot
- gs abbodes
[Lat abbtem]
abbudisse f abbess
- gs abbudissan
[Lat abbtissa]
-b
odan (principal parts: pret sg:-b
ad pret pl:-budon pp:-boden ) 2 enjoin, announce
-beran (principal parts: pret sg:-bær pret pl:-b
ron pp:-boren ) 4 bear, endure
-b
dan (principal parts: pret sg:-bad pret pl:-bidon pp:-biden ) 1 abide, remain
-bisgian (-bysgian) WII engage, occupy
- pp
bisgod, -ad
[bysig]
-bisgung f occupation
blenden WI make blind, darken
- pp
bl
nd
- pl
blende
[Ger blenden]
-blinnan (principal parts: pret sg:-blann pret pl:-blunnon pp:-blunnen ) 3 cease
- 3 sg ablin
[<be-linnan cf. le]
brecan (principal parts: pret sg:-bræc pret pl:-br
con pp:-brocen ) 4 break down, destroy
-bregdan (principal parts: pret sg:-brægd pret pl:-brugdon pp:-brogden ) 3
- smite (intr)
- withdraw (trans)
- imp 2 sg
bregd
-br
o
an (principal parts: pret sg:-br
a
pret pl:-bru
on pp:-bro
en ) 2 frustrate, ruin (trans)
- imp 2 sg
bregd
-b
wan WI prepare, equip, adorn
- pp pl
b
wde
[ban]
ac (ah) conj but
cennan WI beget, bring forth
- pp
cenned
- sg
cendan
- pl
cende
Ach
ia f Achaia
-c
lian WII become cool
- pp
c
lad
Page 242
csian (
hsian,
xian,
scian) WII ask
- 1 sg
csige
- 2 sg
hsast
- 3 sg
sca
![]()
- 1 pl
csia
,
hsia
![]()
- pret 3 sg
xode,
hsode
- 3 pl
xodon,
csedon
-cweccan WI shake (trans and intr)
- pret 3 sg
cwehte
-cwelan (principal parts: pret sg:-cwæl pret pl:-cw
lon pp:-cwolen ) 4 die
- pret opt 3 sg
cw
le
-cwellan WI kill
- imp 2 sg
cwel
- 2 pl
cwella
![]()
- pret 3 sg
cwælde
- pp
cweald
[cwelan]
-cwe
an (principal parts: pret sg:-cwæ
pret pl:-cw
don pp:-cweden ) 5 speak
- 3 sg
cwi
![]()
-c
an WI reveal, proclaim
[c]
d m fire, funeral pile
- ds
de
- as
d
- is
de
[OHG eit, Gr]
d-l
g m flame of the pyre
-d
legian (-d
legian) WII blot out, obliterate
- pret 3 sg
d
legode
- pp pl -d
legode
[Ger tilgen]
dl f (n) disease
- gs
dle
- ap
dla
dlig adj diseased, sick
- n
dliga
-dr
fan WI drive away, expel
- pret 3 sg
dr
fde
- pl -don
dre adv forthwith, quickly
-dr
ogan (principal parts: pret sg:-dr
ah pret pl:-drugon pp:-drogen ) 2 endure, experience, practice
-dr
fan (principal parts: pret sg:-dr
f pret pl:-drifon pp:-drifen ) 1 drive away
- 3 sg
dr
f
![]()
- pp pl
drifene
-dw
scan WI quench, extinguish
- pret 3 sg
dw
scte
-d
dan WI put to death
- pret 3 sg
d
dd
[dad]
-d
legian see:
-d
legian
-ebbian WII ebb away, recede
- pp
hebbad
fandian WII make trial of, experience
- pp sg
fandode
-faran (principal parts: pret sg:-f
r pret pl:-f
ron pp:-faren ) 6 go, march
-f
ran WI make afraid, terrify
- pp
f
red
-fæstnes f piety
- ds
festnisse
-feallan (principal parts: pret sg:-f
oll pret pl:-f
ollon pp:-feallen ) R fall
- ptc
feallende
- 3 sg
fiel
![]()
- opt 3 sg
fealle
-f
dan WI feed, sustain
- 3 sg
f
de
![]()
- pret 3 sg
f
dde
fen n evening
- ds
fenne
fen-giefl n evening repast, supper
æfest (æfst) f n disfavor, envy, malice
[æf-st, OHG abunst]
-fest see:
w-fæst
-festnes see:
-fæstnes
Page 243
-fl
on (principal parts: pret sg:-fl
ah pret pl:-flugon pp:-flogen ) 2
- fly (intr)
- fly from (trans)
- 3 sg
fl
h
![]()
-fl
gan WI put to flight
- pret 2 pl
fl
gdon
- pp pl
fl
gdon
- pp pl
fl
gde
[flon]
-fl
man WI cause to flee, drive out
- pret 3 sg
fl
mde
[flam]
-forhtian WII frighten
- pp pl
forhtode
fre adv ever
æftan adv from behind, behind
æfter prep (w dat)
- after (time and place)
- æfter
issum after this (adv)
- æfter
æm thereafter (adv)
- along (place)
- according to
- adv afterwards
æfter-fyligan WIII follow after
- ptc pl -fyligende (w dat)
- ds -fylgende, successor
- opt 3 sg -fylige (intr)
æfter-genga m successor
- np -gengan
-fyllan WI fill: inf
- pp
fylled
[full]
-fyllan WI cause to fall, destroy
[feallan]
-fyrhtan WI frighten
- pp (adj) pl
fyrhte
-fyrran WI remove, take away
- 3 sg
fyr
,
fyrre
![]()
- opt 3 sg
fyrre
- pp
fyrred
[feorr]
-f
san WI
- hasten forth (intr)
- incite to go (trans)
- pp
f
sed
[fs]
g n egg
- ds
ge
gan PP possess
- ger
genne
- 1 sg
h
- 3 sg
- opt 3 sg
ge
- pret 3 sg
hte
[Mod own]
-g
n (principal parts: pret sg:-
ode pp:-g
n ) go
- pp pl
g
ne
ag
n see:ong
an
gen (pp) adj own
- ds
gnum
- as
gen,
genne
- gp
genra
[gan]
-g
otan (principal parts: pret sg:-g
at pret pl:-guton pp:-goten ) 2 pour, shed
- ptc
g
otende
[Ger giessen]
-g
tan WI injure, kill: pp
g
ted
-gifan (-giefan -gyfan) (principal parts: pret sg:-geaf pret pl:-g
afon pp:-gifen ) 5 give, relinquish, return
- pret 3 sg
gef
- pret opt 3 pl
g
afen
g-hw
pron each, every
- gs
ghw
s, adv, in every respect, entirely
g-hw
r adv everywhere
g-hwæ
er (
g
er,
er)
- pron, each (one of two or more)
- ns
g
er
- gs
g
res
- ds
g
rum
- as
g
erne
- conj
g-hwæ
er ge ... ge both ... and
g
er ge ... ge both ... and
er o
e o
e either ... or
Page 244
g-hwilc pron each
g-hwonan adv from all sides, on all sides
gl
ca (
gl
ca) m monster, fiend
- np
gl
can
[Goth aglaiti]
gnian WII possess, assume as one's own
- 3 pl
gnia
[gen]
g
er see:
g-hwæ
er
-gyldan (-gieldan) (principal parts: pret sg:-geald pret pl:-guldon pp:-golden ) 3
- repay, requite
- punish
-gyltan WI offend, sin
- opt 3 pl
gylten
- pret 1 pl
gylton
- pp
gylt
ah (ac) conj but
-hebbad see:
-ebbian
-hebban (principal parts: pret sg:-h
f pret pl:-h
fon pp:-hafen ) 6 heave, life, raise, exalt
- 2 pl
hebbe
- imp 2 pl
hebba
![]()
- opt 3 pl
hebban
-h
n (principal parts: pret sg:-h
ng pret pl:-h
ngon pp:-hangen ) R hang (trans)
- imp 2 sg
h
h
- pret 2 sg
h
nge
-hreddan WI save, deliver, rescue
- ger
hredenne
- 1 sg
hredde
- opt 3 sg
hredde
- pret 3 sg
hredde
- 3 pl -don
-hr
osan (principal parts: pret sg:-hr
as pret pl:-hruron pp:-hroren ) 2 fall
- opt 3 sg
hr
ose
hsian see:
csian
ht f possession, property
- ap
hta
[gan]
ht-ge-str
on n possession, riches
-h
dan WI hide
- pp
h
ded
-
dligan WI profane
-l
dan WI
- lead, conduct
- 3 sg
l
de
;
læt
- imp 2 sg
l
d
- pp
l
dd
- np
l
dde
- proceed, grow
- pret opt 3 sg
l
de
lan WI trans and intrans kindle, burn
- 3 sg
le
![]()
- pp
led
lc pron subst and adj each, any
- gs
lces
- ds
lcum;
lcon;
lcere
- as
lc
- is
lce
ælde (ielde, ylde) m pl men
- gp ælda
[eald]aldor see:ealdor
aldor-monn (ealdor-) m chief, magistrate
- gs -monnes
- np -men
-lecgan WI lay down, allay, overcome, refute
- 3 pl
lecga
![]()
- pret 3 sg
l
de
- 3 pl
l
don
- pp
l
d
[licgan]Page 245
led m fire
-l
fan see:
-l
fan
-l
ogan (principal parts: pret sg:-l
ah pret pl:-lugon pp:-logen ) 2 lie, deny (w dat of pers and acc of thing)
- 3 sg
l
h
![]()
æl-fremed see:el-fremed
æl-gylden adj of pure gold
- ap -gyldene
all see:eall
ælmes-georn adj liberal of alms, charitable
- np -georne
ælmesse f alms
- ds almyssan
- as ælmessan
[(Gr) Lat elemosyna]
æl-mihtig adj almighty
- ns [???] ælmehtiga
- gs ælmehtigan
- ds ælmihtegum
æl-
odig see:el-
odig
æl-
odisc see:el-
odisc
-lybban WIII live
l
fan (-l
fan) WI allow, permit, grant (w dat of pers and acc of thing)
- pp
l
fed,
l
fed
-l
san WI loosen, release, ransom
- pret 3 sg
l
sde,
l
sde
- pp pl
l
sede
amang see:on-ge-mong
ambor m measure
- gp ambra
[Ger Eimer]ambyre adj favorable
- as ambyrne
[<and-byre]
-merian WI free from dross, purify, refine
- pp pl
merede
-metan 5 measure, estimate
-myrran WI mar, destroy, hinder
- pret 3 sg
myrde
an see:unnan
n num adj
- one, certain one (indef art), a, an
- ns
n
- ds
num,
nre [???]
- as
nne,
nne,
n
- gp
nra
- on
n right on, continuously
nra gehwæs of each one
- alone
- ns
na
- as
nne
- ap
na,
n
æt
n only that
an-be-stingan 3 thrust in, insert
- pp pl -stungnan
an-b
dan see:on-b
dan
and (ond) conj and
anda m zeal, indignation, malice, injury
- ds andan
[Ger ahnden]and-bidian WII wait
- pret opt 1 sg -bidode
an-d
fn f fitting amount, proportion
- ds and
fne
[dafenian]andetnis f confession
- as -nysse
andettan (ondettan) WI confess, acknowledge
- ptc ondettende
- sg andette, ondette
- imp andetta
[and-htan]
and-fenge adj acceptable
[fn]
and-giet (-git) n intelligence, reason, sense, meaning
- gs andgites
- ds andgiete
- as andgit, ondgit
Page 246
and-gitfull adj intelligent
and-gitfull
ce adv intelligibly
- supl -gitfull
cost
and-lang adj continuous, entire
- as -langne
and-leofen f living, food, sustenance
- ds -leofne
an-dr
den see:on-dr
den
Andred m the 'Weald' (the great forest in Kent and Sussex)
and-swarian see:ond-swarian
and-swaru (ond-) f answer
- as -sware
and-weard adj present
- gs andweardan
- ds -werdan
- dp -werdum, ondweardum
and-wlita m countenance, appearance
- gs -wlitan
[wltan; Ger Antlitz]
and-wyrdan WI answer
- pret 1 sg andwyrde
n-faldnes adj unity, simplicity
- gs -nesse
n-feald adj one-fold, single, unmixed, superior
- ds
n-fealdan
n-fealdl
che adv in the singular number
n-for-l
tan (principal parts: pret sg:-l
t pret pl:-l
ton pp:-l
ten ) R leave, abandon
- 1 pl -a
![]()
- pret opt 3 sg
nforl
te
Angel n Anglen (Denmark)
- ds Angle
Angel-cynne (Ongel) n Angle kin, English people, England
- ds -cynne
- as -cynn, -cyn, Ongelcyn
an-ge-weald (=an-weald) power, dominion
an-ginn see:on-ginn
Angle m pl the Angles, Anglicans, English
an-gr
sl
c adj grisly, hideous, horrible
n-gr
senl
ce (-gr
senl
ce) adv hideously
n-haga (-hoga) m solitary, recluse, wanderer
- as
nhagan
anhangen see:on-h
n
nig adj only
nig pron adj any
- ds
negum
- as
nig,
nigne
an-l
c see:on-l
c
n-l
c adj unique, peerless, excellent
n-l
cnes see:on-l
cnes
n-l
pig (
n-l
pig
n-l
pe) adj single, individual
- as
n-l
pne
- np
l
pige
n-m
dla (on-) m arrogance
- np -m
dlan
[md]
n-m
dl
ce adv unanimously
n-m
dnes f unanimity
- as -nesse
n-nis f unity
- as -nysse
n-r
d (on-) adj resolute
Page 247
n-r
dnis f constancy
- ds -nysse
an-settan WI put upon, impose
n-streces (gen) adv continuously
an-sund see:on-sund
an-sundnis see:on-sundnis
an-s
n see:on-s
en
Ante-cr
st m Antichrist
- gs -cr
sted
an-
r
ce see:on-
r
ce
n-weald see:on-weald
apostol m apostle
- gs apostoles
- ds apostole
- as apostol
- np apostol
![]()
- gp apostola
- ap apostolas
apostol
c adj apostolic
- ds -l
can
- as -l
ce
æppel m apple
- gs æples
- as æppel
æpplian WII make into the form of apples, emboss
- pp sg æpplede
Apulder m Appledore
- ds Apuldre
r m
- honor, favor, mercy
- gs
re
- property, possessions
- as
re
[Ger Ehre]
r m messenger
- gs
res
[Goth airus]
r f oar
- gp
ra
r comp adj former, preceding
- ap
rran
- supl ns
reste
r
- comp adv earlier, formerly, before
- comp
ror
- supl
rest
- conj ere, before that (usually followed by the opt)
- prep (w dat) before (time)
-r
d adj inexorable
-r
dan WI read
-r
fnan (-refnan) WI perform, endure
- imp 2 sg
ræfn,
refna
- pret 1 sg
ræfnede
-ræfnian WII endure
- 1 sg
ræfnie
-r
man WI arise
- pret 3 sg
ræmde
-r
ran WI raise, erect, build
- ptc
r
rende
- 2 sg
r
rst
- opt 3 sg
r
re
- pret 3 sg
r
rde
- 3 pl -don
[rsan]
ærce-bisceop (arce-) m archbishop
- ds -biscepe
r-dæg m former day
-reccean WI expound, translate, recount
- inf
reccan
-redian WII arrange
- 3 sg
reda
![]()
ren adj made of brass, brazen
- as
rne
- ap
renan
[r, Goth ais]
rende n errand, message
rend-fæst adj bound on an errand
rend-ge-writ n message, letter
- as
rend-
Page 248
rend-raca (-wreca) m messenger
- ds -racan
- dp -wrecum
r-fæst honorable, virtuous, merciful
- ns -fæsta
r-fæastnis f virtue
- ds -nisse
r-hwæt adj eager for glory
- np -hwate
rian WII
- honor, show favor
- 3 sg
ra
![]()
- desist, cease
- imp 2 sg
ra
-r
san (principal parts: pret sg:-r
s pret pl:-rison pp:-risen ) 1 arise
- 3 sg
r
se
![]()
- imp 2 sg
r
s
- 2 pl
r
sa
![]()
- opt 2 sg
r
se
- 2 pl
r
son
r
st m f n resurrection
- gs
r
stes
- as
r
ste
r-l
as adj dishonorable, wicked
- ds -l
asre
- np -l
asan
arn see:yrnan
ærnan WI cause to run; ride, gallop
- 3 pl ærna
![]()
- pret 3 pl ærndon
[yrnan]
rne-merigen m early morning
rodl
ce adv quickly, vigourously
r-wacol adj early awake
r-wur
(-weor
) worthy of honor, venerable
- as
wur
ne
r-wur
ian (-weor
ian) WII honor
- pret 3 sg
rwur
ne
r-wur
l
ce adv honorable, reverentially
r-wur
nis f reverence, honor
- ds -nysse
s n food, prey, carrion
- gs
ses
[Ger Aas]
-s
wan R sow
- pp
s
wen
æsc m
- ash, spear
- gp asca
- boat, ship (of Danish ships)
- ap æscas
asce (axe) f ashes
-sceacan (principal parts: pret sg:-sc
c,-sc
oc pret pl:-sc
con,-sc
ocon pp:-sceacen ) 6 shake
- ptc
sceacende
- 3 sg
scæce
![]()
- pret 3 sg
sc
oc
æsc-here m (ash-) spear-army, ship-army
æsc-holt n spear-shaft
scian see:
csian
-sc
nan (principal parts: pret sg:-sc
n pret pl:-scinon pp:-scinen ) 1 shine
-sc
fan (principal parts: pret sg:-sc
af pret pl:-scufon pp:-scofen ) 2 shove, push
-sc
ran WI make clear, transparent
- pp
sc
red
[scr]
-secgan WIII say, relate
- pret 3 pl
s
don
-sendan WI send
- pret 2 sg
sendest
- 3 sg
sende
- pp
send
-settan WI set, place, transport oneself, go
- opt 3 sg
sette
- pret 3 pl
settan
- pp
sett
[sittan]Page 249
-singan 3 sing
- pret 3 sg
song
-sittan (principal parts: pret sg:-sæt pret pl:-s
ton pp:-seten ) 5 sit fast, ground (of ships)
-sl
an 6 strike, cut off
- pp
slagen
-smi
an WII forge, work
- pp
smi
od
-spendan WI spend, expend
- pret 3 sg
spende
- pp
spended
-spring n spring of water, fountain
- ds
springe
-springan 3 spring up, spread
- pret 3 sg
sprang
- 3 pl
sprungen
-standan 6 stand
- 3 pl
standa
![]()
æstel m book-mark
[Lat hastula]
-stellan WI set up, restore, establish
- 3 sg
stelle
![]()
- pret 3 asg
stealde
-sterian see:
-styrian
-st
gan (principal parts: pret sg:-st
g,-st
h pret pl:-stigon pp:-stigen ) 1 ascend, mount (trans and intr), spring up, enter or leave a ship, go
- 3 sg
st
h
![]()
- imp 2 sg
st
g
- 2 pl
st
ga
![]()
- pret 3 sg
st
g,
st
h
-stingan 3 pierce
- pret 3 pl
stungon
-streccan WI stretch, extend, prostrate
- opt 3 sg
strecce
- pret 3 sg
strehte
- pp
streht
-styrian (-sterian) WI stir, agitate, move (trans)
- 3 sg
stere
![]()
- pp pl
sterede,
styrode (W II)
-sundrian WII separate (trans)
- pp asundrad
- pl asyndrode
a-sundron (-sundran) adv asunder, apart, privately
-swebban WI put to sleep, quiet
- pp
swefed
- pl -ede
[swefan]
-syndrode see:
-sundrian
æt pret w dat
- at, in (time, place, circumstance)
- of, from (w verbs of asking, receiving, taking, buying)
t m f
- anything to be eaten, food
- gs
tes
- the act of eating
- ds
te
[etan]æt-bregdan (principal parts: pret sg:-brægd,-br
d pret pl:-brugdon,-br
don pp:-brogden,-broden ) 3 take away, deprive, release
- pret 3 sg ætbr
d
- pp ætbr
den
- pl -br
dene
æt-
awed see:æt-
owian
-tellan WI tell, relate
- pret 3 pl
tealdon
-t
on (principal parts: pret sg:-t
ah pret pl:-tugon pp:-togen ) 2 draw
- 3 sg
t
h
![]()
- opt 3 sg
t
o
- pres opt 3 sg
tuge
-t
orian WII become exhausted, fail
- pp
t
orod
æt-
owian WII appear (intr), show, manifest (trans)
- ger æt
owenne
- pret 1 sg æt
owde
- 3 sg æt
owode
- pp æt
awed
- pl æt
owde, æt
owode
[Goth at-augjan]Page 250
æt-foran prep (w dat) before
æt-gædere adv together
æt-l
tian WII lurk out of sight, hide
- pret 3 sg -l
tode
[cf Mod loiter]
-tredan 5 tread
- pret 3 sg
træd
æt-somne adv together
æt-standan 6 stand, remain
- pret 3 sg ætst
d
ttor (
tor) n poison
- is
tre
[Ger Eiter]
ttor-b
re adj poisonous
- as -b
ran
ttren (
tren) adj poisonous
- ns
tterne
- ap
ttrynne
æt-w
tan (o
) (principal parts: pret sg:-w
t pret pl:-witon pp:-witen ) 1 twit, reproach (w dat)
[cf. ed-wt]
æt-
wan (-
wan) WI [cf. æt-
owian] appear (intr), show, manifest (trans)
- 3 sg
t
we
![]()
- imp 2 sg æt
w
- pret 3 sg æt
wde,
t
wde
m oath
- ap
as
[Ger Eid]æ
el-boren (pp) adj of noble birth
- ds -borenre
æ
el-borennis f nobleness of birth
- as -nysse
æ
ele adj noble, excellent
- ds æ
elum
- as æ
elan
- ap æ
ele
- supl ns æ
elast
[Ger edel]æ
ele adv nobly
æ
eling m noble, prince
- gs æ
elinges
æ
ell
ce adv nobly
æ
elnes f nobility
æ
elo f nobility
æ
el-stenc m excellent fragrance
- gp -stenca
æ
el-tungol n m noble star
- gp -tungla
-
enian WII; [S 400 n 2] stretch out
- pret 3 sg
ende
[Ger dehnen]
er see:
g-hwæ
er
-
indan (principal parts: pret sg:-
ond pret pl:-
undon pp:-
unden ) 3 swell, puff up
-
strian WII become dark, obscured
- 3 pl
stria
![]()
- pp pl
strode
[eostru]
A
ulfing (= Æ
elwulfing) m son of Æthelwulf
-
w
an 6 wash
- pret 3 sg
w
h
w see:
![]()
-wæcnan [S 392 n 1] awake (intr)
- pret 3 sg
w
c
-w
gan WI annul
-weccan WI awake, arouse, incite
- opt 3 sg
wecce
- pret 3 sg
weahte
- pret opt 3 sg
wehte
- 3 pl
wehton
- pp
weaht,
wreht
- pl
wehte
-w
dan WI rage
- pret 3 sg
w
dde
[wd]
a-weg see:weg
Page 251
-wegan 5 carry
-wendan WI turn, direct, change, translate
- pret 1 sg
wende
- pp
wend
-weorpan (-wurpan) (principal parts: pret sg:-wearp pret pl:-wurpon pp:-worpen ) 3 cast, overthrow, reject
-w
stan WI lay waste, destroy
- pp pl
w
ste
w-fæst (
-fæst) adj law-observing, pious
- ns
wfas
,
fest
- ap
feste
- supl np
wfæstoste
-wiht pron aught, anything
wisc-m
d adj ashamed, abashed
- np -m
de
[Goth aiwiski]
-w
c see:
-wæcnan
-wreht see:
-weccan
-wr
tan (principal parts: pret sg:-wr
t pret pl:-writon pp:-writen ) 1 write, compose
- 1 sg
wr
te
- pp pl
writene
-wunian WII abide, continue
-wyrdan WI destroy
- opt 3 sg
wyrde
-wyrgan WI curse
- pp pl
wyrigedan
[wearg]
xian see:
scian
-
dlian WII annul
- pp pl
dlode
[del]
B
bæc n back
- as under bæc backwards
- ofer bæc backwards
bæc-bord n left side of a ship, larboard
[Ger Backbord, Fr babord]b
l n fire, funeral pyre
- gs b
les
- is b
le
- as b
l
[ON bl]
b
l-f
r n bale-fire, funeral or sacrificial fire
b
l-
racu f violence of fire
- ds -
ræce
b
m see:b
gen
b
n n bone
- ds b
ne
- as b
n
- np b
n
bana m murderer
- ds banan
[Mod bane]b
n-fæt n (bone-vessel) body
- ap -fatu
b
r f bier
- as b
re
[beran]Bardan-
g f Bardney (Lincolnshire)
bærnan WI burn (trans)
Basingas pl m Basing (Hants)
- dp -engum
basu adj purple (crimson)
b
tan WI bridle
bæ
n bath, font
ba
ian WII bathe
be (b
, big) prep w dat inst; adv
- (nearness) by, near, along, on
- be
asten w dat east of
- be westan w dat west of
- be nor
an w dat north of
- (metaph. proximity) by, with, according to, concerning
- b
wr
te copy
- be
m by that
- by
by that
- be fullan fully, perfectly
- be
m concerning this
- b
![]()
s ilcan
Page 252
b
acen n beacon (the sun)
- gs b
acnes
b
acnian WII typify, indicate, show
- 3 sg b
acna
![]()
beadu f battle
- ds beaduwe
[ON bobo
var]
beadu-cræftig adj valiant
beadu-r
s m rush of battle, onslaught
beadu-weorc n work of battle
- gp -weorca
be-æftan (bæftan) prep adv (w dat) behind
b
ag (b
ah) m ring, bracelet, collar, crown
- ap b
agas
[bgan]
b
ah-gifa (b
ag-) m ring-giver, lord, king
- ds -gifan
bealcettan WI belch, send forth, utter
- pret 3 sg -ette
beald (bald) adj bold
- ns (w gen)
bealdl
ce (bald-) adv boldly
- supl baldl
cost
bealo (bealu) n bale, evil, mischief
- gs bealwes
bealo-sorg f baleful sorrow
- as -sorge
b
am m tree
- ds b
ame
- as b
am
- np b
amas
- gp b
ama
B
am-fl
ot m Benfleet (Essex)
- ds -fl
ote
bearn n child, son
- ap bearn
[beran]bearo m grove, wood
- ds bearwe
- as bearo
- np bearwas
- gp bearwa
b
atan (principal parts: pret sg:b
ot pret pl:b
oton pp:b
aten ) R beat
- ptc b
atende
be-ba
ian (bi-) WII bathe
- 3 sg biba
a
![]()
Bebban-burg f Bamborough (Northumbria)
- ds byrig
be-b
odan (principal parts: pret sg:-b
ad pret pl:-budon pp:-boden ) 2
- command, bid (w dat)
- 1 sg -b
ode
- offer, commit, entrust
- ptc beb
odende
be-bod n command
- as bebod
- gp -boda
- ap -bodu, -boda
[bodan]
be-byrgan WI bury
- ger -byrgenne
- 3 sg byrge
![]()
- pp -byrged
Page 253
be-c
apian WII sell
be-cierran (-cirran -cyrran) WI turn (trans)
- pp -ciered
be-clyppan (bi-) WI embrace, seize
- 3 sg biclyppe
[Mod clip]be-cl
san WI inclose, shut in, imprison
- pp becl
sed
- pl -cl
sde
[clse; Lat clausus]
be-cuman 4 come, arrive
- 3 sg -cym
![]()
- 3 pl -cuma
![]()
- opt 3 sg -cume
- pret 3 sg cw
m, c
m
- 2 pl -c
mon
- pret opt 3 sg -c
me
be-d
lan (bi-) separate, deprive of
- pp bid
led (w inst)
bedd n bed
- ds bedde
be-d
glian (-d
glian -d
glian) WII obscure, bedim, conceal, keep secret
- pp -d
gled, -d
glod, -d
glad
[dgol]
be-ebbian WII leave aground by the ebb, strand
- pp pl beebbade
be-fæstan WI fasten, fix, put in safe keeping, entrust
- opt 2 sg -fæste
- pret 3 sg -fæste
- 3 pl -on
- pp befæst
be-feallan R fall
- opt 2 sg -fealle
be-f
olan 3 apply oneself (w dat)
[Ger befehlen]be-f
n (bi-) R surround, envelop, clothe, cover
- imp 2 sg -f
h
- pp -fangen
- pl -fongne, bifongen
be-foran prep (w dat) before
be-foran adv before
be-fr
n see:be-frignan
be-frignan 3 ask
- pret 3 sg befr
n
be-g
n irreg
- practice, perform, serve, occupy oneself with
- opt 3 sg beg
(w reflex acc)
- pret 1 sg be
ode
- pl -
odon, -
odan
- 3 pl bi
odon
- surround
be-gang m undertaking, business
b
gen (b
ggen) num adj both
- h
b
![]()
- h
e b
t
![]()
- gyt b
t
![]()
- unc b
m
be-geondan (-giondan) prep (w dat) beyond
be-gietan (-gitan, -gytan) 5 get, obtain, find
- pret 2 pl -g
aton, -g
ton
be-ginnan 3 begin
- pret 3 sg begann
- pp begunnen
Page 254
be-gyrdan WI begird, surround
- pp begyrdd
be-h
t n promise
- ds -h
te
- ap -h
t
be-h
tan R promise
- 3 sg -h
t
be-healdan (bi-) R
- hold, occupy, guard, protect
- 3 sg bi-healde
![]()
- behold, look, observe
- inf bi-
- imp 2 sg beheald
- pret 3 sg -h
old
- 3 pl -on
be-helan (bi-) 4 conceal
- pp sg biholene
[Ger hehlen]be-heonan (-hionan) prep (w dat) on this side of
be-hindan adv behind
be-hindan prep (w dat) behind
be-h
fian WII behoove, require
- pret 3 pl -h
fedon
be-hr
osan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg:-hr
as pret pl:-hruron pp:-hroren ) 2 (fall upon) cover
- pp pl bihrorene
be-hr
owsian WII rue, repent of
- 1 pl hr
owsia
![]()
be-hr
owsung f repentance
- gs -unge
be-hwyrfan WI change, convert
- pret 3 pl -hwyrfdon
- pp -hwyrfed
be-h
dan (bi-) hide, conceal
- pp -h
dd, bih
ded
- sg bih
dde
be-limpan 3 concern, pertain, belong (intr)
- 3 sg -limp
, -limpe
![]()
- pret 3 pl -lumpon
be-l
can 2 lock, lock up, shut in
- imp 2 pl -l
ca
![]()
- pp -locen
b
n f prayer, petition
- gs b
ne
- np b
na
- ap b
na
[cf Mod boon]benc f bench
- ds bence
bend m f n bond, fetter
be-niman (bi-) 4 rob, deprive of (w acc of pers and gen or inst of thing)
- 3 sg -nim
![]()
- pret 3 sg -nam
- pp pl -numene
benn f wound
- np benna
[bana]b
odan (principal parts: pret sg:b
ad pret pl:budon pp:boden ) 2 offer, announce, command
- 3 sg b
ode
![]()
b
on (b
on, wesan) irreg be, exist, become
- ger b
onne, b
onne
- 2 sg byst, bist
- 3 sg bi
![]()
- 1 pl b
o w
![]()
- 3 pl b
o
, b
o
![]()
- imp 2 sg b
o
- 2 pl b
o
![]()
- opt 3 sg b
o, b
o
- 2 pl b
o g
![]()
- 3 pl b
on
- 1 sg eom
- 2 sg eart
- 3 sg is, ys
- 3 pl synd, synt, sindon, siendon, syndon
- opt 3 sg s
e, s
, sig
- 3 pl s
en, s
n, s
n
- neg 3 sg nis (<ne is), nys
- 3 sg wese
![]()
- imp 2 sg wes
- pret 3 sg wæs, wes
- 3 pl w
ren, w
run, w
ran
- pret opt 3 sg w
re
- neg pret 3 sg næs (<ne wæs)
- neg 3 pl n
ron
- neg pret opt 3 sg n
re
- neg 3 pl n
ron
- neg pret opt 3 sg n
re
- neg 3 pl n
ren
Page 255
beorg (beorh) m hill, mountain
- np beorgas
- gp beorga
beorgan (byrgan) WI taste, partake of
- 3 sg beorge
![]()
beorgan (principal parts: pret sg:bearg pret pl:burgon pp:borgen ) 3 protect, preserve (w dat)
[Ger bergen]beorh-stede m mound
beorht (biorht) adj bright, shining, glorious
- ds beorhtre
- is beorhtan
- np beorhte
- supl ns beorhtast
beorhte (biorhte) adv brightly
beorhtnis f brightness
- ns -nys
- ds -nysse
Beormas m pl Permians
beorn m man, retainer, hero, chief
- gs beornes
- ds beorne
- np beornas
beornan (born barn) (principal parts: pret sg:bearn pret pl:burnon pp:bornen ) 3 burn (intr)
- 3 sg byrne
![]()
b
ot (<*b
-h
t) n boast
- as b
ot
- ap b
ot
- on b
ot boastfully
b
otian WII boast
- pret 3 sg b
otode
be-p
can WI deceive, entice
- pp bep
ht
[fcen]
beran (principal parts: pret sg:bær pret pl:b
ron pp:boren ) 4 bear
- ger beranne
- 2 sg byrst
- 3 sg byr
, bere
, biere
![]()
- imp 2 pl bera
![]()
- opt 3 sg bere
be-r
afian WII bereave, rob, despoil, dispossess (w acc of pers and gen of thing)
- 3 sg -r
afa
![]()
beren adj of a bear
- as berenne, beren
be-r
dan 1 pursue, surround, overtake
- pret 3 sg -r
d
be-r
wan R row past or round (trans)
berstan (principal parts: pret sg:bærst pret pl:burston pp:borsten ) 3 burst
be-r
pan WI despoil of, plunder (w acc of pers and gen of thing)
- 3 sg ber
p
![]()
besc
fan 2 shove, push
be-s
on (-s
on) 5 see, look (intr)
- pret 3 sg -seah
- opt 3 sg bes
o (w reflex acc)
- pret opt 3 sg bes
we
be-settan (bi-) WI beset, occupy, surround, adorn
- 3 sg bisete
![]()
- pp -seted, bi-
Page 256
be-sittan (principal parts: pret sg:-sæt pret pl:-s
ton pp:-seten ) 5 besiege
be-sl
an 6 strike, cut off, deprive
- pp beslægen
be-smitennis f defilement
- as -nysse
be-standan 6 stand round, surround, beset
- 3 pl -standa
![]()
- pret 3 pl -st
don
be-sw
can (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg:-sw
c pret pl:-swicon pp:-swicen ) 1 deceive, betray, offend, overcome
- 3 sg besu
c
![]()
- pret 3 sg bi-
- pp pl beswicene
be-sw
cian WII evade, escape
- pp sg besw
cade
be-t
can WI commit, commend, entrust
- 1 sg -t
ce
- pret 3 sg -t
hte
b
tan WI amend
[bt]
be-teldan (bi-) (principal parts: pret sg:teald pret pl:tuldon pp:tolden ) 3 cover, hem in, surround
- 3 sg bitelde
![]()
- 3 pl -telda
![]()
- pp bitolden
[cf Mod tilt; Ger Zelt]betera see:g
d
be-tweoh (-twih -twuh -tuh -tweohx -twux -tux) prep (w dat) between, among
- betwux
isum meanwhile
be-tw
onum (-tw
onon -tw
num -tw
nan) prep (w dat) between, among
be-t
nan (bi-) WI close, end, enclose, imprison
- pret 3 sg -t
nde
- 3 pl -on
- pp bet
ned, bit
ned
[tn]
be-
eccan (bi-) WI cover
- pp pl be
eahte, bi-
[Ger decken]be-
ingan (bi-) 3 beset, encircle
- pp bi
rungen
[Ger dringen]be-urne see:be-yrnan
be-w
wan (principal parts: pret sg:-w
ow pret pl:-w
owon pp:-w
wen ) R blow upon
- pp pl biw
une
[Ger wehen]be-weaxan (bi-) R over-grow
- pp -weaxen, bi-
be-w
pan R weep over, bewail
be-windan (bi-) 3 encircle, surround
- pp biwunden
be-witan PP oversee, have charge of, administer
- pret 3 sg bewiste
be-witigan (-witian) WII observe
be-wl
tan 1 look
- pret 3 sg -wl
t
be-yrnan (principal parts: pret sg:-arn pret pl:-urnon pp:-urnen ) 3 run
- pret 2 sg beurne
bi-, b
see:be-, be
b
dan (principal parts: pret sg:b
d pret pl:bidon pp:biden ) 1
- abide, remain
- 3 sg b
de
![]()
- await, expect (w gen)
biddan (byddan) (principal parts: pret sg:bæd pret pl:b
don pp:beden ) 5 ask, request (acc of pers and gen of thing)
- ptc biddende
- 3 pl bidda
![]()
- imp 2 pl bidda
![]()
- opt 3 sg bidde
- pret 2 sg b
de
- pret opt 3 sg b
de
Page 257
bi-dr
osan (principal parts: pret sg:-dr
as pret pl:-druron pp:-droren ) 2 (cause to fall away) deprive (w instr)
- pp pl bi-drorene
[cf Mod dross, dreary]bifian (beofian) WII waver, tremble
- ptc pl bifigendan
- pret 3 pl bifedon
[Ger beben]big- see:b
-
b
gan (b
egan b
gan) WI bend
- 3 sg b
ge
[bgan]
b
-genga m inhabitant
b
-gong (b
-gang big-geng) m worship
- gs b
gonges
- ds b
gange
b
-leofa (big-) m sustenance, food
- ns bigleofa
- ds bigleofan
[libban]bile-wit (bil-) adj innocent, pure, simple
- ds -witre
[cf Ger billig]bile-witnes f innocence, purity
- gs -nesse, -nysse
bill n sword
- as bill
- is bille
[Ger bille]bill-gesliht n clashing of swords
- gs -geslihtes
bindan (principal parts: pret sg:bond pret pl:bundon pp:bunden ) 3 bind
- 3 pl binda
![]()
- opt 3 sg binde
- pret 3 sg band
binnan (binnon) prep adv (w dat) within (time and place)
- adv binnan
bisceop (biscop biscep) m bishop
- gs bisceopes
- ds biscepe
- as bisceop
- np biscepas
- ap bisceopas
[Lat episcopus]bisceop-se
l (-setl) n episcopal residence
- as biscop-
bisceop-st
l m episcopal seat, bishopric
- ds -st
le, biscepst
le
- as -st
l
bismer (bismor bysmer) n m mockery, derision, insult
- ds bismre
bismerian WII mock, deride
- ptc bismriende
bi-sorgian WII care for, fear
- 3 sg bisorga
![]()
b
-spell (big-) n parable, example, proverb
- ds bigspelle
- as -spell, big-
- ap bigspell
[Ger Beispiel]biter (bitter) adj bitter, severe, disastrous, fierce
- as biterne
- ap bitere
- supl as bitterestan
biternes f bitterness, grief
- ds -nesse
b
-wist (big-) f sustenance
- as bigwiste
[wesan]bi-wr
on (principal parts: pret sg:-wr
h,-wr
ah pret pl:-wrigon,-wrugon pp:wrigen,wrogen ) 1 cover, enwrap
- pret 3 sg biwr
h
Page 258
bl
c adj shining, bright
[blcan]
bl
cung f turning pale, pallor
- ds blacunge
bl
de (bl
d) f blossom, fruit
- gs bl
de
- np bl
de
- dp bl
dum
- ap bl
da
[blwan]
bl
d m blast, breath, inspiration, prosperity, riches, glory, honor
- as bl
d
[blwan]
bl
d-dæg m prosperous day
- gp -daga
blanden-feax adj grizzly-haired
[blondan]blæst m blaze, flame
bl
stan WI blow (?)
- pret 3 pl bl
ston
Bl
cinga-
g f Blekingen
bl
d see:bl
d
bl
o-brygd n (?) combination of colors
[bregdan; Mod blee]bl
tsian WII bless
- 1 sg bl
tsige
[bld]
bl
tsung f blessing
- ds -unge
bl
can (principal parts: pret sg:bl
c pret pl:blicon pp:blicen ) 1 glitter, shine
- 3 sg bl
ce
![]()
- opt 3 sg bl
ce
[Mod blink; Ger bleichen]blind adj blind
- ns blinda
- as blindan
- ap blynde
bliss f bliss, joy
- gs blisse
- ds blisse, blysse
- as blisse
[<bls]
blissian (blissigan) WII rejoice
- inf blissigan
- ptc blissigende
- ds blissigendum
- pret 3 sg blissode
bl
e adj blithe, glad, friendly
- ds bl
um
- as bl
e
- np bl
e
- comp ns bl
ra
bl
e-m
d adj blithe of mood, friendly
- np -m
de
bl
d n blood
- is bl
de
bl
dig adj bloody
- as bl
digne
blondan R blend, mix, mingle
- pp geblanden, geblonden
bl
stma (bl
stm) m blossom, bloom, fruit
- np bl
stman
bl
tan (principal parts: pret sg:bl
ot pret pl:bl
oton pp:bl
ten ) R sacrifice
bl
wan (principal parts: pret sg:bl
ow pret pl:bl
owon pp:bl
wen ) R bloom, flourish
- ptc bl
wende
- pp gebl
wen
b
c f book
- gs b
c
- ds b
c
- as b
c
- np b
c
- gp b
ca
- dp b
cum
- ap b
c
b
cere m learned man, scholar, scribe
- ap b
ceras
b
cl
c adj relating to books
boda m messenger
[Ger Bote]bodian WII proclaim, announce, preach
- ptc bodiende
- 3 sg boda
![]()
- pret 3 sg bodade
- pp bodad
Page 259
bodung f preaching
- as -unge
b
g (b
h) m (arm, shoulder) bough, branch
- ap b
gas
boga m bow
- np bogan
bolster m n bolster, pillow
- ds bolstre
bord n (board) shield
- gs bordes
- as bord
- ap bord
bord-weall m wall of shields, testudo, phalanx
b
sm m bosom
- ds b
sme
b
t f boot, advantage, reparation, remedy
- ds b
te
- as b
te
br
d adj broad
- comp ns br
dre, br
dre
- supl ns br
dost
br
d f (?) young bird (?)
[bregdan]br
dan WI extend, spread
[brd]
brastlian WII crackle
- ptc dp brastligendum
[Ger prasseln]breahtm m noise, revelry, music
- ds breahtme
- gp breahtma
[Ger Pracht]brecan (principal parts: pret sg:bræc pret pl:br
con pp:brocen ) 4 break, destroy, break forth
- 3 sg brice
![]()
- 3 pl breca
![]()
bregd n (?) trick, fraud, deceit
- gp bregda
[bregdan]bregdan (principal parts: pret sg:brægd,br
d pret pl:brugdon,br
don pp:brogden,bregden ) 3
- brandish, draw
- opt 2 pl bregde g
![]()
- pret 3 sg br
d
- braid, weave
- pp bregden, brogden
brego (breogo) m chief, leader, lord, king
- as brego
brember m bramble
- dp brembrum
brengan [(cf bringan)] WI bring
- 3 sg breng
![]()
- opt 3 sg brenge
br
ost n breast
- ds br
oste
- ap br
ost
br
ost-cofa m breast-chamber, heart, mind
- ds -cofan
br
ost-sefa m mind, heart
Bret-w
las m pl the Britons of Wales
brice (bryce) m fragment
- ap bricas
[brecan]bricg-weard (brycg) m bridge-guard
- ap -weardas
bridd m young bird
- ns brid
- gs briddes
brim n ocean
- ap brimu
brim-cald (-ceald) adj ocean-cold
brim-fugol m sea-bird
- ap -fuglas
brim-l
end m sea-farer, pirate
- gp -l
endra
brim-monn m sea-man, pirate
- np -men
- gp -mauna
bringan [(cf brengan)] WI bring
- 3 sg bring
![]()
- 3 pl bringa
![]()
- opt 3 sg bringe
- pret 3 sg br
hte
- 3 pl br
hton
Page 260
broc n injury, affliction, disease
- ds broce
- as broc
[brecan]brocian WII oppress, injure, afflict
- 3 pl brocia
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br
hte see:bringan
brond m brand, burning, fire
- gs brondes
brosnian WII crumble, waste away, wither, decay
- 3 pl brosnia
![]()
- pp gebrosnad
- pl -ode
[cf Ger Brosam]brosnung f decay
- ds -unge
br
or (br
ur) m brother
- gs br
or
- ds br
er
- np br
or, br
ru
- ap br
or
br
can (principal parts: pret sg:br
ac pret pl:brucon pp:brocen ) 2 brook, use, enjoy, possess (w gen)
- 3 sg br
c
![]()
- 3 pl br
ca
![]()
br
n adj brown
Brunan-burh f Brunanburh (Durham ?)
br
n-ecg adj brown edged (of a sword)
bryeg (brieg) f bridge
- as briege
br
d f bride
- as br
de
bryhtm m glance, twinkling
[cf breahtm]bryne m burning, fire, flame
bryne-gield n burnt offering, sacrifice
- ds -gielde
- as -gield
Bryten f Britain
- as Brytene
brytta m distributor, dispenser
- gs bryttan
[brotan]
Bryttas (Brittas) pl m Britons
bryttigan (bryttian) WII divide, share
Bryttisc (Brittisc) adj British
- ds Bryttiscum
b
see:b
gen
b
an (b
gan) irreg
- dwell (intr)
- 3 pl b
gea
![]()
- pret 3 sg b
d
- ptc dp b
gigendum inhabitants
- occupy, cultivate (trans)
- 3 pl b
ga
![]()
- pp sg b
ne, b
num, geb
n, geb
d
bufon (bufan; < be-ufan) prep
- (w dat) above
- (w acc) on, upon
b
gan (principal parts: pret sg:b
ag pret pl:bugon pp:bogen ) 2 bow, bend, turn
- 1 sg b
ge
bune f cup
Bunne f Bononia, now Boulogne (France)
- ds Bunnan
b
r m bower, chamber
- as b
r
[ban]
burg (burh) f fort, borough, city
- ns burh
- gs byrig
- ds byrig
- as burg
- ap burga
Burgenda gp m Burgundians, Burgenda land, Bornholm
Page 261
burg-l
ode (burh-) pl m burghers, citizens
- dp burh-
burg-ware (burh-) pl m inhabitants of a 'burg', burghers, citizens
- gp -wara
- ap -ware
burna (burne, f) m bourn, stream, fountain
- ds burnan
b
r-
n (-
egn) m chamberlain
- ds -
ne
b
te conj but
b
ton (b
tan) prep (w dat)
- except
- without
- outside
b
ton (b
tan) conj
- (w opt) unless
- (w indic) except, except that, but only
b
ton adv outside
Butting-t
n m Buttington
- ds -t
ne
b
t
se b
gen
bycgan (bicgan) WI buy
- imp 2 pl bicga
![]()
bydel m beadle, proclaimer, herald, minister
- gp bydela
- ap bydelas
[bodan]
byden f measure, bushel
- ds bydene
[L L *butna < Gr
]
byldan WI encourage
- opt 3 sg bylde
- pret 3 sg bylde
[beald]b
me f trumpet
- gs b
man
- np b
man
b
ne see:b
an
byrde adj of high birth, rank
- supl ns byrdesta
byre m favorable opportunity
byre m child, son, descendant
- np byre
[beran]byrgan WI taste, eat
- pret 3 pl byrgdon
byrgan WI bury
- ger byrigenne
byrgen f grave, tomb
- ds byrgene
- as byrgenne, byrgene
- np byrgena
byrne f byrnie, corslet, coat of mail
- as byrnan
[Ger Brünne]byrn-sweord n flaming sword
byrn-wiga m mailed warrior
byr
en f burden
- as byr
enne, byr
ene
- gp byr
enna
b
sen (b
sen) f example
- ds b
sene, b
sne
- as b
sene
- dp b
snum, b
senum
- ap b
sne
[Goth -bsns]
bysgian WII busy, occupy, disturb, oppress
- pp gebysgad
bysig adj busy
- np bysige
bysigo f business, concern, occupation
- dp bisgum
b
snian (b
snian) WII set an example for, instruct by example
- inf b
snian
- 3 sg b
sena
![]()
- pret 3 pl b
snodon
Page 262
C
c
f adj bold, brave
- as c
fne
[ON-kafr]
c
fl
ce adv boldly
camp m fight, battle
- ds campe
[Ger Kampf]camp-stede m battle-field
candel (condel) f candle
- ds condelle
candel-stæf m (candle-staff) candlestick
canon m sacred canon
- gs canones
[Lat canon, Gr]
Cantwara-burg f Canterbury
- ds -byrig
carc-ern (cearc-ern, cf cweart-ern) n prison
- gs carcernes
- ds carcerne
- as carcern
[Lat carcer + ærn]car-full (cear-) adj careful
carian (cearian) WII care, be concerned for
- 3 sg cara
![]()
carte f chart, card (for writing upon)
- as cartan
[Lat charta]c
sere m emperor
- gs c
seres
[Lat Caesar]ceald (cald) adj cold
- as cald
- dp caldum
ceallian WII call
c
ap m cattle
- gs c
apes
[cf Mod cheap]c
ap-st
w f market-place
cearu (cearo, caru) f care
- ns cearo
- as ceare
ceaster f fort, town, city
- ds ceastre
[Lat castrum]ceaster-ge-ware m (pl tant) citizen
- np -waran
cellod adj curved, hollow, embossed
[Lat celatus]cempa m warrior
- np cempan
- gp cempena
[camp]c
ne adj keen, bold
- comp ns c
nre
c
nl
ce adv boldly
cennan WI beget, bring forth
- pp cenned
Cent f Kent
ceorl m (churl) freeman (of the common class), man
- ds ceorle
c
csan (principal parts: pret sg:c
as pret pl:curon pp:coren ) 2 choose
- 3 pl c
osa
![]()
- opt 1 sg c
ose
c
pan WI avail oneself of, take to (w gen)
- pret 3 sg c
pte
c
dan WI chide, reproach (w dat)
- 2 sg c
ddes
(dial)
- pret 2 sg c
dde
c
gan (c
egan, c
gan) WI cry out, call
- pret 3 sg c
gde, c
gde
- 1 pl c
gdon
cild n child
- gs cildes
- ap cild
cild-h
d m childhood
- ds -h
de
cirice (cyrice, cyrce) f church
- ns cyrce
- gs ciricean, cyrcan
cirlisc adj 'churlish', rustic
- np cirlisce
[ceorl]Page 263
cirm see:cyrm
cirr (cierr, cyrr) m turn, time, occasion
- ds cirre
[Mod char]Cisse-ceaster f 'Cissa's fort', Chichester
- ds -ceastre
cl
m see:cl
a
cl
ne adj clean, pure
- gs cl
nan
- as cl
ne
- ap cl
ne
cl
ne adv entirely
cl
nnes f cleanness, purity, chastity
- ds -nisse
cl
nsung f cleansing, chastening
cl
n cloth
- ds cl
e
cl
a (cleo) f claw
- dp cl
m
cl
ofan (principal parts: pret sg:cl
af pret pl:clufon pp:clofen ) 2 cleave, split (trans)
cleopian see:clipian
cl
owen n (clew), ball, globular mass
- ds cl
owne
[Ger Knäuel]clipian (clypian, cleopian) WII
- cry out, exclaim
- 3 sg clypa
![]()
- pret 3 sg clypode, cleopode
- cry unto, implore (w dat)
- ptc dp clypigendum
- pl cleopia
![]()
- imp 2 sg clypa
- 2 pl clypia
![]()
- pret 3 sg clipode
[Mod obs clepe, yclept]cl
dig adj rocky
[cf Mod cloud]clypian see:clipian
clyppan WI embrace, accept
- opt 3 sg clyppe
[Mod clip]cnapa m boy, youth
- np cnapan
- gp cnapena
[Ger Knabe]cnearr m ship, galley
- ns cnear
[ON knorr]cn
o (cn
ow) n knee
- ap cn
o, cn
ow
cn
o-m
g m kinsman
- dp -m
gnum
cn
oriss f generation, family, tribe, people
- as -isse
cniht m boy, youth, young warrior, knight, attendant, disciple
- gs cnihtes
- as cniht
- np cnihtas, cnyhtas
cnyssan WI beat (trans)
- 3 sg cnyse
![]()
- 3 pl cnyssa
[cf Ger Knorre]c
lian WII cool
- 3 sg c
la
![]()
collen-fer
(-ferh
) adj proud-minded, fierce
[*cwellan]Coln f the river Colne (Essex)
- ds Colne
corn n corn, grain
- gs cornes
- as corn
cor
or n troop, flock, company
- gp cor
ra
costian (costigan, costnian) WII tempt try, prove
- inf costigan (w gen)
- ger costianne, costienne
- pret 1 sg constnode (w gen)
[Ger kosten]costnian see:costian
costnung f temptation
co
u f disease
cræft m strength, might, virtue, craft, skill, art, pursuit, knowledge
- ds cræfte
- as cræft
- gp cræfta
- ap cræftas
Page 264
cræftiga (cræftega) m craftsman, workman, artificer
- ns crætega
cræt n cart, chariot
- ds cræte
Cr
cas (Cr
acas) m pl the Greeks
- np Cr
acas
- gp Cr
ca
cr
odon (cr
dan) (principal parts: pret sg:cr
ad pret pl:crudon pp:croden ) 2 crowd, press, hasten
- pret 3 sg cr
ad
cringan (principal parts: pret sg:-crong,-cronc pret pl:-crungon,-cruncon pp:-crungen ) 3 cringe, yield, fall, die
Cr
st m Christ
- ns Cr
s
(dial)
- gs Cr
stes
- ds Cr
ste
cr
sten adj Christian
- np cr
stene, cr
stena, cr
stnan
- gp cr
stenra
cr
sten-d
m m christianity
- ds -d
meymest
- as -d
m
cucu see:cwic
cumbol-gehn
st (gehn
d) n conflict of banners
- gs -gehn
stes
cum-pæder m godfather in his relation to the father
[Lat compater]cuman (principal parts: pret sg:c(w)
m pret pl:c(w)
mon pp:cumen ) 4 come
- ger cummanne
- sg cymst, cymest
- 3 sg cym
, cyme
![]()
- 3 pl cuma
![]()
- opt 3 sg cume, cyme
- imp 2 sg cum
- pret 2 sg c
me
- 3 sg cw
m, cu
m, c
m
- pl c
mon
- pret opt3 sg c
me
- pp cumen
cunnen PP can, be able, know, understand (trans and intr)
- 1 sg con
- 2 sg canst
- 3 sg can
- 1 pl cunnon, cunnun
- 3 pl cunnon
- opt 3 sg cunne
- 3 pl cunnen, cunnan, cunnon
- pret 1 sg c
e
- 2 sg c
est
- 3 sg c
e
- pret opt 2 sg c
e
- 1 pl c
on
- 3 pl c
en
cunnian WII prove try, examine, experience (w acc or gen)
- 3 sg cunna
![]()
- pret 3 sg cunnode
[cunnan]c
adj known, familiar, manifest
- as c
e
- gp c
ra
[pp < cunnan; Ger kund]c
lic adj known, certain
- comp as c
licre
c
lice adv openly, clearly, certainly
cwacian WII quake
- ptc as cwacigendan
cwalu f killing, murder, death
- ds cwale
[cwelan]Cw
t-bryeg f Bridgenorth (Salop)
- ds -brycge
cwealm m n death, destruction, pestilence
- ds cwealme
- as cwealm
[Mod qualm]Page 265
cwealm-b
re adj deadly
- as -b
ran
cweart-ern [(cf carc-ern)] n prison
- ds cwarterne
cwelan (principal parts: pret sg:cwæl pret pl:cw
lon pp:cwolen ) 4 die
cwellan WI kill
[cwelan; Mod quell]cwellere m executioner
- np cwelleras
cw
man WI please (w dat)
- ger cw
manne
[cuman]cw
n f queen
Cw
nas m pl a tribe of the Fins
- gp Cw
na
cweorn f quern, mill
- as cweorne
[Goth qairnus]cwe
an (principal parts: pret sg:cwæ
pret pl:cw
don pp:cweden ) 5 say, speak
- sg cwe
e
- 2 sg cwyst
- 3 sg cwi
![]()
- 3 pl cwæ
a
(for cwe
a
)
- imp 2 sg cwe
![]()
- pret 2 sg cw
de
- pret opt 3 sg cw
de
- 3 pl cw
den
- gecueden named
[Mod quoth]cwic (cwicu, cucu) adj 'quick', alive
- ns cucu
- as cwicne, cwycne
- gp cwicra
cwic-s
sl (cwyc-) n hell-torment
- gs cwycs
sles
- ds -s
sle
cwide (cwyde) m saying, utterance
- ds cwyde
- as cuide
[cwean]
cwide-giedd n word, utterance
- gp -giedda
cwild (cwyld) m f n destruction, pestilence, murrain
- ds cwilde
[cwelan]cw
an WI bewail (trans)
cwyc-s
sl see:cwic-s
sl
c
f f vessel
- as c
fe
[Ger Kübel]cyle (ciele) m chill, cold
cyle-gicel m icicle
cyme m coming
- gs cymes
- ds cyme
- as cyme
[cuman]cyne-d
m m government, kingdom
cyne-gold n regal gold, diadem, crown
cyne-hl
ford m royal lord
cynel
c adj royal
- ap -l
ce
cyne-r
ce n kingdom
- gs kyner
ces
- is -r
ce
cyne-
rymm m kingly majesty
- as -
rym
cyng (cing) m king
- gs cynges, cinges
- ds cynge
cyning m king
- gs cyninges
- ds cyninge
- as cyning
- np cyningas, cynegas
- gp cyninga
Page 266
cynn n kin, race, family, kind
- gs cynnes
- ds cynne
- as cynn
- gp cinna
c
pe-cniht m boy for sale as a slave
- ap -cnihtas
c
p(e)-monn m chapman, merchant
- np -men
cyrice, cyrce see:cirice
cyrm (cierm, cirm) m cry, alarm
cyrran (cierran, cirran) WI turn, go, return
- 3 pl cyrra
![]()
- pret 3 sg cyrde
- 3 pl cirdon
[Ger kehren]cyrtel m kirtle, coat, tunic
- as kyrtel
- ap cyrtlas
cyssan WI kiss
- ptc cyssende
- opt 3 sg cysse
cystig adj virtuous, charitable
- ds cystigum
c
an WI make known
- 3 pl c
a
![]()
- pret 3 sg c
de, c
dde
- 3 pl c
don
[c]
c
u (c
) f kith, kinship, home, country
- ds c
e
- as c
e, c
u
D
d
d f deed, action
- gp d
da
- ap d
da
d
d-b
tan WI make amends, repent
- ptc np d
db
tende
d
d-b
t f repentance
dæg m day
- ds dæge
- as dæg
- is dæge
- gp daga
- dp dagum, dagan
- ap dagas
- gs dæges and nihtes (adv) by day and night
- ds t
dæge (adv) to-day
- as longe on dæg (adv) far on, late in the day
dæg-hw
ml
c (-hw
mlic) adj daily
- ds -l
cum
dæg-hw
ml
ce (-hw
ml
ce) adv daily
dæg-r
d n dawn
dæg
erl
c adj daily, present
- ds o
![]()
isum dæg
erl
cum dæge to this present day
dæg-weorc n work of the day
- gs -weorces
dæl n dale
- np dalu
[Ger Thal]d
l m division, portion, part
- ds dæle
- as d
l
- gp d
la
- be
nigum d
le to any extent
- be
m d
le to that extent
d
lan WI deal out, divide, separate, distribute
- 3 sg d
l
, d
le
![]()
- opt 1 pl d
lon
- pret 3 pl d
ldon
- pp ged
led
- pl ged
lde
d
l-neomende (dial) (ptc) m partaker
daro
(dara
) m dart, spear
- gp daro
a l
f the leaving of spears, those surviving a battle
Page 267
d
ad adj dead
- ns d
ada
- as d
adne
- np d
ade, d
adan
d
ad-b
re adj deadly
- ds -b
rum
deall adj proud
- ns deal
dearr see:durran
d
a
m death
- gs d
a
es
- ds d
a
e
- is d
a
e
- as d
a
![]()
- ap d
a
as
d
a
-denu f mortal vale
d
a
-ræced (-reced) n house of death, grave
Defenas (Defnas) m pl the people of Devonshire, Devonshire
Defena-sc
r (Defna-) f Devonshire
- ds sc
re
delfan (principal parts: pret sg:dealf pret pl:dulfon pp:dolfen ) 3 delve, dig
d
ma m judge
- gs d
man
d
man WI deem, judge, determine
- 3 sg d
m
![]()
- pp ged
med
demm m judgment
Dene m pl Danes
- gp Dena
- dp Denon
- ap Dene
Dene-mearc (Dena-; -mearce) f Denmark
- ns Denamearc
- ds Denemearce, Denemearcan
Denisc adj Danish
- np Deniscan
- gp Deniscra
- as on Densic in the Danish fashion
dennian WII become slippery (?)
- pret 3 sg dennode
denu (dene) f valley
d
ofl
c adj devilish
- ap -l
can
d
ofol m n devil
- gs d
ofles
- ds d
ofle
- np d
ofla
- ap d
oflu, d
oflo
d
ofol-gyld n idol
- gp -gilda
d
ofol-gylda m idolater
- np -gyldan
d
ofol-s
oc adj possessed of a devil
- ap -s
ocan
d
ofol-s
ocnis f possession by a devil
- ap -nyssa
d
op n the deep, the sea
- gs d
opes (d
pan f)
d
op adj deep
d
ope adv deeply, profoundly
d
opl
ce adv deeply, profoundly
d
opnis f depth, abyss
- ds -nysse
d
or (d
or) n wild beast or animal (of any sort)
- as d
or
- np d
or
- gp d
ora
- ap d
or
deorc adj dark, gloomy, sad
- ns deorca, deorce
- as deorce
d
orling see:d
rling
d
or-m
d adj bold of mind, brave
Deorwente f the Derwent
- ds -wentan
d
or-wur
(-wir
, -weor
) adj worthy of estimation, precious, honored
- ds -wur
an
- ap -wur
e, -wir
e, -wur
an
Page 268
D
re m pl the Deirians, inhabitants of Deira
derian WI injure (w dat)
- 3 sg dere
, dera
[daru]d
acon-h
d (d
acon-) m office of a deacon, deaconship
- ds -h
de
d
egol (d
gol) adj secret
- ns d
egla, d
gle
- gs d
eglan
- comp np d
gelran
dimm (dymm) adj dim, dark, gloomy
- dp dymmum
dimnis (dymnis) f dimness, gloom
- ds dymnysse
Dinges (mere) proper name a proper name, or the sea of dashing and noise
d
or see:d
or
disc m dish
- ds disce
- as disc
discipul m disciple
- np discipul
(Lat), discipul
s (for -
)
- gp discipula
- ap discipul
![]()
d
gor n day
- gp d
gra
d
gor-r
m n numbering of the days, time
- gs -r
mes
dohtor f daughter
d
m m
- doom, judgment, decree, decision, choice
- gs d
mes
- ds d
me
- as d
m (stipulation)
- is d
me
- renown, glory
d
m-ern n judgment-hall
- ds -erne
d
m-georn adj eager for renown
- np -georne
d
ml
c adj famous, glorious
d
n irreg do, act, cause, put, place
- ger d
nne
- ptc d
nde
- 2 sg d
st
- 3 sg d
![]()
- 2 pl d
![]()
- 3 pl d
![]()
- imp 2 sg d
![]()
- opt 2 sg d
![]()
- 1 pl d
n
- pret 2 sg dydest
- 3 sg dyde
- 3 pl dydon
- pret opt 3 sg dyde
Dorce-ceaster (Dorcan-) f Dorchester
- ds -ceastre
- as Dorcanceaster
draca m dragon
dr
am m joy, mirth
- is dr
ame
- gp dr
ama (harmony)
[Mod dream]dreccan WI vex, trouble, afflict
- pret 3 pl drehton
drenc m drink
- gs drences
- ds drence
dreng m warrior
- gp drenga
[ON drengr]dr
ogan (principal parts: pret sg:dr
ag pret pl:drugon pp:drogen ) 2 endure, perform, fulfil
- 3 sg dr
oge
![]()
dr
or m blood
- is dr
ore
[drosan]
dr
orig adj dreary, sad
- ns dr
orige
- as dr
origne (hyge)
- np dr
orige
[drosan]
Page 269
dr
orig-hl
or adj with sad face
dr
orignis f sadness
- gs -nysse
dr
osan (principal parts: pret sg:dr
as pret pl:druron pp:droren ) 2 fall, perish
- 3 sg dr
ose
![]()
- 3 pl dr
osa
[cf Mod dross]drihten see:dryhten
drinca m drink
- as drincan
drincan (principal parts: pret sg:dronc pret pl:druncon pp:druncen ) 3 drink
- 3 pl drinca
![]()
- pret opt 3 sg drunce
- 2 pl druncen
drohta
m sojourn, life
drohtian see:drohtnian
drohtnian (drohtian) WII lead one's life, live
- ger drohtnigenne
- 3 sg drohta
![]()
- pret 3 sg drohtnode
[drogan]
drohtnung (drohtung) f conduct, condition, life
- gs drohtunge
- ds -nunge
drohtung see:drohtnung
dr
san (dr
sian W II) WI droop, drowse, become feeble
- ptc dr
sende
[drosan]
dr
m wizard, sorcerer
[Celt dri]
dr
ge (dr
ge) adj dry
- ap dr
ge
- ds on dr
gum on dry ground
dryht f body of retainers, host, people
[drogan]
dryhten (drihten) m lord, prince, ruler, king
- gs drihtnes
- ds drihtne, drihtene
dr
man WI rejoice
- ptc gp dr
mendra
[dram]
dryre m fall, deposit
[drosan]
dugan PP avail
- 3 sg d
ah
- opt 3 sg dyge
[Ger taugen]dugu
(dugo
) f
- body of retainers, host
- ds dugu
e
- gp dugu
a
- dugu
a wyn the flower, the chief of retainers
- benefit, honor, riches
- ds dugu
e
- gp duge
a
[dugan; Ger Tugend]d
n f down, hill, mountain
- as d
ne
[Celt dnum]
d
n-scræf n hill-cave
- np -scrafu
durran PP dare
- 1 sg dearr
- 3 sg dearr
- 1 pl durron
- opt 1 sg durre
- pret 3 pl dorston
- pret opt 3 pl dorsten
duru f door
- ds dura, duru, dyru
- as duru
- np dura
d
st n dust
- ds d
ste
- as d
st
d
st-sc
awung f contemplation of the dust
- ds -sc
awunga
Page 270
dw
scan WI extinguish, blot out
- 3 sg dw
sce
[dws: dysig]
dwelian (dwellan) WI lead into folly, deceive; be led astray, err
- ptc dweligende
[cf Mod dull]Dyflin (Dyflen, Difelin) Dublin
dym-hof n place of concealment
- dp -hofon
d
re (d
ere, d
ore) adj dear, costly
- np d
re
d
rling (d
orling) m darling, favorite
- ap d
orlingas
dyrstignes f boldness, audacity, arrogance
- ds -nysse
- as -nesse
dysig adj foolish
- supl ns dysgosta
[Mod dizzy]dysig n folly
- ds dysige
dysignes f folly
- ds -nesse
dysl
c (dysigl
c) adj foolish
E
see:
a
a f river
- gs
,
as
- ds
a,
æ
- as
a
- np
a
[Ger Au]
ac (
c) conj adv also, moreover, likewise, even
- ge ... ge
ac both ... and also
- n
... n
![]()
ac neither ... nor even
- ond
ac sw
and also
ac swilce (swylce, swelce) also, likewise
ac gel
ce (-l
ce) likewise
[Ger auch]
ac prep in addition to, together with, besides (w dat)
aca m addition, increase
- ds
acan
- ns reinforcements
- t
![]()
acan in addition to (w dat)
ad n possession, riches, happiness, bliss
- gs
ades
- as
ad
[cf Mod allodium]
adig adj rich, blessed, happy
- ns
adga,
adiga
- gs
adigan
[Goth audags]
adignes f happiness, bliss
- gs -nesse
ad-m
d see:
a
-m
d
ad-wela m generous supply, riches
eafora (eafera) m son, heir
- ds eaforan
[cf Goth afar, prep 'after']
age n eye
- gs eagan
ag-gebyrd f eyeball (?), pupil of the eye (?)
eahta num eight
a-l
interj oh! alas!
eald (ald) adj old
- ns alda
- ap ealde, ealdan
- ealda fæder grandfather (ancestor?)
- ealde tried, honored
- supl as ieldes
e (dial) most honored
Page 271
Ealdan-mynster n Old-Minster
- ds -mynstre
eald-c
u (-c
) f old, former home
- as -c
e, -c
u
eald-fæder m forefather
- ap -fæderas
eald-f
ond m old foe, arch fiend, devil
- gs -f
ondes
- gp -f
onda
ealdian WII become old
- pp geealdad
ealdor (aldor) m prince, chief, lord
- gs ealdres
- ds ealdre
ealdor-bisceop m chief bishop
ealdor-d
m m lordship, sovereignty
ealdor-lang adj life-long, lasting
- as -langne
ealdor-monn m alderman, chief, ruler, magistrate, chief officer of the shire
- ns -mon, -mann
- gs -monnes
- np -men
ealgian WII defend
- pret 3 pl ealgodon
eall (all) adj all
- as alne, ealle
- is ealle
- np ealle, alle, ealla
- gp ealra, eallra
- dp eallum
- as ealle, ealla, eall, eal
- gs ealles (adv) altogether, quite, entirely
- ealles, ealra sw
ost (adv) most of all, especially
- ealles for sw
e (adv) altogether, utterly
- ds (or dp) mid (myd) eallum (adv) altogether, entirely
- is mid ealle (adv) withal (= and everything)
- as ealne weg (adv) all the way, always
- ealneg (= ealne weg) (adv) all the way
- ealne dæg (adv) all the day
- eall sw
(adv) just as
eallinga see:eallunga
eallunga (eallinga) adv altogether, entirely
Eall wealdend m Ruler of all
ealu (ealu) n ale
- gs eala
![]()
a-lond n island
- ds -londe
am m uncle
[Ger Oheim]
ar n ear (of corn)
- ds
are
- as
ar
earc f ark
- gs earce
- as earce
eard m dwelling, home, country
- gs eardes
- ds earde
- as eard
[eore]
eard-geard m dwelling-place, earth
eardian WII dwell
- 3 pl eardia
![]()
- pret 3 pl eardodon
earding (eardung) f habitation
- ap eardinga
Page 272
eard-stapa m land-stepper, wanderer
eard-stede m dwelling-place
eard-w
c n dwelling
earfo
(earfe
) n difficulty, toil, hardship, torture, torment
- gp earfo
a
- ap earfo
u
[Ger Arbeit]earfo
e adj difficult
- gs earfo
es
earfo
l
c adj difficult, full of hardship
earfo
nes f hardship, torture
- ap -nessa
ar-gebland n wave-mingling, ocean
earh (earg) adj cowardly
[Ger arg]earm m arm
earm adj poor, pitiable, wretched, despicable
- as earmne
- np earme
- comp ns earmra
[Ger arm]earm-cearig adj wretched, full of care
earming m poor wretch
- np earmingas
earml
c adj miserable, wretched
- gs -l
ces
- ds -l
cum
earn m eagle
- gs earnes
- ds earne
- as earn æftan hw
t [(cf Gr
)]
[Ger Aar]earnian WII earn (w gen)
- 3 sg earna
![]()
- 3 pl earnia
![]()
eart see:b
on
ast adv east, in an easterly direction
astan (
stan) adv from the east
- wi
![]()
astan to the east
- be
astan to the east of (w dat)
a-stæ
n river-bank
- ds -stæ
e
ast-d
l m eastern quarter, the east
- ds -d
le
ast-ende m east-end
ast-engle m pl East-Angles, East-Anglia
- gp -engla
aster-dæg (
astor-) m Easter Day
- ds -dæge
- is Eastordæge
ast-healf f east side
- ds -healfe
ast-lang adj extending east
ast-r
ce n eastern kingdom
astro (
astru,
astre,
astron) pl tant f n Easter
- ap
astron
ast-ryhte adv eastward
ast-seaxe (-seaxan) m pl East-Saxons
- gp -seaxna
- ap -seaxe
ast(e)-weard (-werd) adj eastward, easterly
- gs weardes (adv)
- ds -weardre
- as -weard
ast-weg m east-way, path in the east
a
e adv easily
- comp (
e
)
a
![]()
- supl
ast
Page 273
a
-m
d (
ad-) adj humble-minded, humble
- ns
adm
d
- is -m
de
- ap -m
dan
a
-m
dl
ce (
ad-) adv humbly
a
-m
dnes (
ad-) f humility, meekness, condescension
- gs -nesse
- gp -nessa
aw-fæst (
w-,
-) religious, pious
- ns -fæsta
- ds -fæstre
eax f axis, axle tree
- ds eaxe
- as eaxe
ebba m ebb
- ds ebban
Ebr
as m pl Hebrews
- gp Ebr
a
Ebr
isc adj Hebrew
ce (
ca,
cea) adj eternal, everlasting
- ds
can
- gp
cra
eced m n vinegar
- ds ecede
[Lat actum; Ger Essig]
cel
ce adv eternally
ecg f edge, sword
- ds ecge
cnes f eternity
- as -nysse
- as -nesse
ed-geong (-giong) adj becoming (or being) young again
ed-l
an n reward
- gs -l
anes
- ds -l
ane
- as -l
an
ed-n
we (-n
owe) adj renewed, restored
ed-n
winga adv anew
edor (eodor) m enclosure, dwelling
- np ederas
ed-wenden f overturning, change
efen-
h
(-n
h
) f neighboring plain
- ds -
h
e
[nah]
efen-hl
o
or n equal, united harmony
- is -hl
o
re
efes f eaves, border, side (of a forest)
- ds efes (for efese ?)
efne [(cf emne)] adv even, only, just
efn-
ce adv co-eternally
efstan WI hasten (intr)
- ptc efstende
- imp 2 pl efsta
![]()
- pret 3 sg efste
- 3 pl -on
[*of-st]
eft adv again, back, afterwards
- eft ong
an see:(see ong
an)
ege m fear, terror
[Goth agis]egesa m terror, fear
- ds egesan
egesl
c adj terrible, horrible
egesl
ce adv horribly
htan WI pursue, persecute (w gen)
- 3 sg
ht
[ht]
htere m persecutor
htnis f persecution
- ns -nys
- as -nysse
Page 274
elcor (ælcor) adv otherwise
eldan (ieldan, yldan) delay, hesitate
- pret 3 sg elde
[eald]ele m oil
[Lat oleum]el-fremed (æl-) (pp) adj separated, released, extraneous
- ns ælfremed
- ap ælfremede
ellen n strength, courage, fortitude, zeal
- ds mid elne boldly
- on elne boldly
- as on ellen boldly
[Goth aljan]ellen-w
dnis f zeal, fervor
- gs -nisse
elles adv else
- hwæt ... elles what else
- n
n
ing elles nothing else
eln f ell (measure)
- gp elna
el-
odig (æl-) adj of another nation, foreign, strange
- as
l
odigne
el-
odisc (æl-) adj foreign, strange
- ns æl
odisc
embe see:ymbe
emb-gangan R compass (trans)
- opt 3 sg -gange
emne (emn, cf efne) adv equally
emn-lang (efn-lang) adj equally long
- on emnlange prep (w dat) along
ende m end
ende-byrdl
ce adv in an orderly manner
ende-byrdnes f order
- ds -nesse, -nisse
endemes (endemest) adv equally, in like manner
endian WII end, bring to an end
- opt 3 sg endige
endlyfta num eleventh
- is -lyftan
enge adj narrow, oppressive, cruel
- ns enga
engel m angel
- ds engle
- as engel
- np englas
- gp engla
[Lat angelus]Engla-feld m Englefield (Berkshire)
- ds -felda
Engla-land n country of the Angles, England
- ds -lande
Englisc adj English
- gs Engliscre
- as Englisc
- gp Engliscra
Englisc-ge-reord n English language
- ds -reorde
eno see:ono
ent m giant
- gp enta
ode,
odon see:g
n
eodorcan [(cf ed-rocian, ed-recan, roccettan)] ruminate
- ptc eodorcende
[Ger räuspern]Eofer-w
c (Efer-) n York
- as Eferw
c
[cf Ger Eber]Eofer-w
c-ceaster f York
- ds -ceastre
eoh m n horse
[Goth aihwa]eom see:b
on
eorcnan-st
n (eorclan-) m precious stone
[Goth -airkns]
ored (
orod) n company, troop, host
- ap
oredu
[*eoh-rd]
Page 275
ored-ciest (-cyst) f company, troop, host
- dp -cystum
eorl m
- earl (a Danish title corresponding to the native ealdorman)
- np eorlas
- gp eorla
- Applied to an ealdorman
- ds eorle
- warrior
eornoste adv earnestly, fiercely
eornostl
ce adv earnestly, indeed
eor
-b
end m earth-dweller
- np eor
b
gigende
eor
e f earth
- gs eor
an
eor
l
c adj earthly, worldly
- ns -l
ca
- gs -l
can
- as -l
ce
eor
-scræf n earth-cave, grave
- ds -scræfe, -scrafe
eor
-weg m earth-way
- ds on eor
wege on earth
ow (
ower,
owic) see:
![]()
ower (
ower) poss pron your
- gs
oweres
- ds
owrum
- as
owerne,
ower
- np
owre
- dp
owrum,
owrum,
owerum
- ap
owre
ow-land n Öland (island in the Baltic Sea)
erce-bisceop m archbishop
- ds -bisceope
erce-h
d m archiepiscopal dignitary
erian WI ear, plough
- pret 3 sg erede
erm
see:yrm
![]()
esne m servant, man
- ds esne
[Goth asneis]esal (eosol) m ass
- ap esolas
[Goth asilus]
st f favor, grace
[Ger Gunst]
st-full adj devout
- ds -fullum
Est-land n country of the Estas (on the eastern coast of the Baltic sea)
Est-mere m Frische Haff
Estum dp m the people of Est-land
esul-cweorn f millstone
etan (principal parts: pret sg:
t pret pl:
ton pp:eten ) 5 eat
- imp 2 pl eta
![]()
- opt 3 sg ete
ettan WI graze
el m landed property, home, native country, territory
- ds
ele
- as
el
- is
le
[cf Mod allodial]
el-lond n native land
el-turf f native turf, country
- ds -tyrf
Exan-ceaster (-cester) f Exeter
- gs -ceastres, cestres
- as -ceaster, -cester
exl (eaxl) f shoulder
- as exle
[cf Mod axle]Page 276
F
fæc n division, space, interval, portion of time
- ds fæce
- as fæc
[Ger Fach]f
cen (f
cn) n deceit, treachery, wickedness
- gs f
cnes
- is f
cne
- ap f
cn
f
cne adj guileful
fæder m father
- gs fæder
- np fæderas
fæderl
c adj fatherly, paternal
- ns -l
ce
f
g (f
h) adj colored, variegated
[Goth -faihs]f
ge adj fated, doomed to death
- np f
ge
- ap f
gean
[Ger feige]fægen adj fain, glad, rejoicing (w gen)
fæger adj fair, beautiful, pleasant
- gs fægeres
- is fægre
- np fægra
- comp ap fægerran
- supl dp fægrestum
fægere (fægre) adv beautifully, well
fægernes f fairness, beauty
- gs -nesse
- as -nesse
- ap -nissa
fægnian WII rejoice (w gen)
- ptc fægnigende
- pret 3 sg fægnode
f
h (f
g) adj hostile
[gef'foe']
f
h
f feud
- as f
h
e
[Ger Fehde]Falster prop noun Falster (island in the Baltic Sea)
fandian WII try, tempt, test, examine, seek to know
- imp 2 pl fandia
(w gen)
[findan]fandung f temptation, test, usage
- ds -unge
fær n journey, expedition
- ds fære
faran (principal parts: pret sg:f
r pret pl:f
ron pp:faren ) 6 go, proceed, travel, march
- 2 sg færest
- 3 sg fær
![]()
- 3 pl fara
![]()
- imp 2 pl fara
![]()
- opt 3 sg fare
- 2 pl faren
- pp gefaren
færelt (færeld) m n going, motion, journey
- gs færeltes, færeldes
- ds farelte
f
ringa adv suddenly
[fr 'fear']
f
rl
c adj sudden
- ns f
rl
ca
- ds -l
cum
f
rl
ce adv suddenly
fær-sceat m passage-money, fare
[cf Mod scot-free]f
r-scea
a m sudden or dangerous enemy
- ds -scea
an
faru f journey
- ds fare
fæst adj fast, firm, secure
- as fæstne
- np fæste
Page 277
fæste adv fast, firmly, securely
fæsten n
- fort, fortress, fastness
- ds fæstenne
- as fæsten
- fast (abstinence from food)
- ds fæstene
fæst-hafol adj retentive
- ds -hafelum
fæstl
ce adv firmly, securely, resolutely, bravely
- comp fæstl
cor
fæstnian WII fasten, confirm
fæstnung f security, safety
fæt n vessel
- ap fatu
[Mod vat]f
tels m n vessel
- ap f
tels
fæ
m m f embrace, grasp
fæ
m-r
m n (fathom-number) fathom measure
- gs -r
mes
feallan (principal parts: pret sg:f
oll pret pl:f
ollon pp:feallen ) R fall
- ptc feallende
- as feallendne
- 3 sg fyl
(of the course of water), fealle
![]()
- 3 pl fealla
![]()
feallenl
c (feallendl
c) adj unstable
fealo-hilte adj fallow-hilted
fealu (fealo) adj fallow, pale, yellow, dusky, dark
- ns fealo
- as fealone
- np fealwe
Fearn-hamm m Farnham (Surrey)
- ds -hamme
f
awe (f
a; f
awa, due to assoc w fela) adj pl tant few
- dat f
awum, f
aum
- acc f
awa
feccan (fecgan fetian) WIII fetch
- ptc feccende
- imp 2 pl fecca
![]()
- pret 3 sg fette
fela (feola feala fæla) n [(sometimes as adj; rarely inflected)] much, many (w gen)
[Ger viel]feld m field, battle-field
- as feld
felg (felge) f felly
- ds felge
- np felga, felgea, felgan
[folan]
fell n fell, skin, hide
- as fel
- ap fell
feng m grasp
[fn]
feoh (fioh, f
o) n
- cattle
- goods, property, money, riches
- gs f
os
- ds f
o
- as feoh, fioh
[Mod fee]Page 278
feoh-g
fre adj greedy of possessions, avaricious
feoh-l
as adj without money
- np -l
ase
feohtan (principal parts: pret sg:feaht pret pl:fuhton pp:fohten ) 3 fight
- ptc feohtende
- 2 sg fihtest
feohte f fight, battle
f
olan (principal parts: pret sg:fealh pret pl:fulgon,f
lon pp:folen ) 3 reach, penetrate
[Goth filhan]f
ol-heard adj hard as a file
- ap -hearde
f
ond m fiend, enemy
- as f
ond
- gp f
onda
- dp f
ondum
- ap f
nd
feorh (fiorh) m n life
- gs f
ores
- ds f
ore, f
ore
- as feorh
feorh-geong adj young in life, youthful
feorh-hord n life-hoard, spirit
feorh-h
s n life-house, body
feorm (fiorm) f
- food, provision, goods
- use, benefit
- as fiorme
[Mod farm]feormian WII consume
- 3 sg feorma
![]()
feorr (far, feor) adv supl firrest fyrrest
- feor far back (time)
feorr adj far, far from (w dat)
- feor
m far from that (metaph)
feorran (fiorran) adv from afar
f
or
a num adj fourth
- ds f
or
an
- as f
or
an
- gs bynnan f
or
an healfes dæges fæce within three and a half days
f
ower num four
f
ower-tig num forty
- gen -tiges
f
ower-t
ne (-t
ene) num fourteen
- dat -t
num
f
ran WI go, travel
- pret 3 sg f
rde
- 3 pl f
rdon
ferh
(fer
) m n mind, spirit, heart
- ns fer
![]()
- ds ferh
e, fer
e
- as fer
![]()
ferian WI; W II carry, transport
- ptc ferigende
- pret 3 sg ferode, ferede
- 3 pl feredon
- pp geferod
fers n m verse
- ds ferse
- ap fers
[Lat versus]fersc adj fresh
- np fersce
fer
-loca (ferh
-) m (inclosure of the spirit), spirit, heart, mind
- as -locan
fetor (feotor) f fetter
- dp feterum
f
a m band of foot-soldiers, troop
- ap f
an
[findan]fe
er f feather
- np fe
re
- gp fe
ra
- dp fe
erum
- fe
rum (wing?)
Page 279
fe
er-homa m feather-garb, plumage
f
c-tr
ow n fig-tree
[Lat fcus]
fierd (fird, fyrd) f
- (military) expedition
- ds fyrde
- (the national) army
- ds fierde
- as fierd
[faran]fierdian (fyrdian) WII be on a military expedition
- pret 3 pl fierdedon
fierd-l
as adj unprotected by the army
f
f num five
- nom f
fe
- dat f
fum
f
fta num adj fifth
f
ftig num fifty
- gen f
ftiges
- dat f
ftegum
f
f-t
ne (-t
ne) num fifteen
findan (principal parts: pret sg:fond pret pl:fundon pp:funden ) 3 find, come upon, supply
- 3 sg finde
![]()
Finnas pl m the Finns
finta m tail
f
ras pl m men
- gp f
ra, f
ra
- dp f
rum
firgen-str
am m mountain-stream, woodland-stream
[Goth fairguni]fisca
see:fiscna
![]()
fiscere m fisher
- np fisceras
fiscna
(fiscno
fisca
) m fishing
- ds fisca
e
fi
eru pl n wings
- np fi
ru
- gp fi
ra
- ap fi
ru
fl
(fl
n) f m arrow
- gs fl
nes
- as (or ap) fl
n
fl
sc n flesh
- gs fl
sces
- ds fl
sce
- as fl
sc
- is fl
sce
fl
sc-homa m (covering of flesh) body
fl
scl
c adj fleshly, corporeal, carnal
- ds -l
cre
fl
am m flight
- gs fl
ames
- ds fl
ame
- as fl
am
fl
ogan (principal parts: pret sg:fl
ag pret pl:flugon pp:flogen ) 2 fly (intr)
- 3 sg fl
oge
[cf flon]
fl
on (fl
on, fl
ogan) (principal parts: pret sg:fl
ah pret pl:flugon pp:flogen ) 2 flee, escape (trans and intr)
- ger fl
onne
- ptc ds fl
ondum
- 3 sg fl
h
![]()
- 3 pl fl
o
![]()
- imp 2 pl fl
o
![]()
fl
otan (principal parts: pret sg:fl
at pret pl:fluton pp:floten ) 2 float
- ptc gp fl
otendra
flett n floor of the hall
- as flet
flocc m flock, company, troop
floc-r
d f a riding company, troop
Page 280
fl
d m f n flood, wave, tide, stream
- as fl
d
fl
dan see:Pryfet
fl
d-wylm (wielm) m f welling flood
[weallan]flot n deep water, sea
- as on flot ?afloat?
[Mod afloat]flota m sailor, seaman, pirate
- as flotan
- np flotan
- gp flotena
fl
wan (principal parts: pret sg:fl
ow pret pl:fl
owon pp:fl
wen ) R flow
- ptc fl
wende
- as fl
wendan
- 3 sg fl
w
![]()
flyht m flight, escape
- ds flyhte
- as flyht
flyht-hwæt adj bold or swift of flight
- gs -hwates
- ap -hwate
fl
ma m fugitive
- gp fl
mena
[flam]
fn
st m blowing, breath
f
ddor (f
dor) n food
f
dor-
egu f partaking of food, repast
- gs -
ege
[iegan]
folc n folk, people, nation, army
- gs folces
- is folce
folc-ge-feoht n general engagement, pitched battle
folcisc adj vulgar, popular
- np -isce
folc-stede m place of assembly, battle-field
- ds -stede
fold-
gend m (earth possessor) earth-dweller
- gp -
gendra
folde f earth, land, country
- gs foldan
[feld]fold-wæstm m fruit of the earth
fold-weg m way, path (on the earth)
- ds (is) -wege
folgian (fylgean) WII; W III follow, serve, observe, obey (w dat)
- ptc fylgende, fyliende
- 1 pl fylgea
![]()
- imp 2 pl folgia
![]()
- opt 1 pl fylgen, fylgeon
- pret 3 sg filgde, folgode
- 2 pl fyligdon
- 3 pl folgodon, filigdon
folgo
m service, official dignity, office
[folgian]folme (folm) f hand
- ds folman
[flan 'feel']
f
n (principal parts: pret sg:f
ng pret pl:f
ngon pp:fongon ) R seize, grasp, capture, take, receive
- 3 pl f
![]()
- pret 1 sg t
r
ce f
ng came to the throne
- t
![]()
re spr
ce f
ng
- t
w
pnum f
ng
- 3 pl f
ngon t
gædere engaged in battle
for prep w dat instr and acc
- (w dat, instr) before (place)
- (w dat, instr) for, on account of, because of, owing to (cause, condition, remedy)
- for
m (
m) conj; for, because, since
- for
on
- for
an
- for
m (
m)
e
- for
![]()
e
- for
on
e
- for
an
e
- for
for this, therefore
- for
![]()
- for
ig
- for
on
- for hw
m wherefore
- for hwig
- for hwon
- (w acc) for, instead of
Page 281
for adv (intensive) very
for f journey
- ds f
re
[faran]foran adv before, in front
- foran t
![]()
- t
foran
for-bærnan WI cause to burn, to burn (trans)
- sg -bærne
![]()
- 3 pl -bærna
![]()
- opt 1 pl -bærne
- pret 3 pl -bærndon
- pp -bærned
for-b
odan 2 forbid
- pp pl forbodene
for-beornan 3 burn (intr)
- pp -burnen
for-beran 4 suffer, permit
- 3 sg -bire
![]()
for-berstan 3 burst asunder, vanish, fail
- 3 sg -birste
![]()
for-b
gan 2 avoid, escape
- pret 3 sg -b
ah
ford m ford
- ds forda
- as ford
for-d
n irreg destroy
- pret 3 sg -dyde
fore prep (w acc) before (place)
for-ealdian WII become old
- pp forealdod
fore-b
acen (-b
acn) n fore-token
fore-genga m predecessor, ancestor
- np -gengan
fore-g
sel m preliminary hostage
- gp g
sla
[Ger Geisel]fore-mihtig adj prepotent
fore-sc
awung f fore-sight, providence
- as -sc
awunga
fore-secgan WIII
- say beforehand
- pret 1 pl -s
don
- pl -s
dan
- pp sg -s
de aforesaid
- foretell, predict
- pret 1 sg -s
de
fore-spr
c f defence
fore-sprecan 5 speak or mention beforehand
- -sprecenan aforesaid
- pp sg -sprecena aforesaid
fore-stæppan (-steppan) (principal parts: pret sg:-st
p pret pl:-st
pon pp:-stapen ) 6 precede (w dat)
- 3 sg -stæp
![]()
- 3 pl stæppa
![]()
fore-tiohhung f predestination
fore-
ingian WII plead for one, defend
- 3 sg -
inga
![]()
- opt 3 sg -
ingie
Page 282
fore-
onc m forethought, foreknowledge
- ds -
once
fore-witan pp foreknow
- 3 sg -w
t
fore-w
tegian WII prophesy
- pret 1 sg -w
tegode
for-faran 6 get in front of, obstruct
- pret 3 pl -f
ron
for-giefan (-gifan, -gyfan) 5 give, grant; forgive
- ger -giefanne
- pret 3 sg -geaf
- 2 pl -g
afon
- pp -gifen
- pl -gifene, -gyfene
for-gifennis (-gyfennis) f forgiveness
- as -nisse, -gifenysse
fore-gongan R go before, precede
- opt 3 sg -gange
for-grindan (principal parts: pret sg:-grond pret pl:-grundon pp:-grunden ) 3 grind to pieces, destroy, consume
for-gr
pan 1 seize, snatch away
- 3 sg -gr
pe
![]()
for-gyldan (-gieldan) 3 repay, requite, buy off
- 3 sg -gilt
- 1 pl -gylda
![]()
- opt 2 pl -gyldon
for-gytan (-gietan, -gitan) 5 forget
- pret 3 sg -geat
for-gytol adj forgetful
for-hæfednis f restraint, abstinence
- as -nysse
for-heard adj very hard
- as -heardne
for-h
awan R hew, cut down
for-helan 4 conceal
for-hergian WII harry, devestate, lay waste
- pp -hergod
for-hogdnis f contempt
- ds -nisse
for-hogian WII despise
[cf. for-hycgan]
- ptc -hogigende
- 3 sg -hoga
![]()
- 3 pl -hogia
![]()
- opt 3 sg -hogige
- pret 3 sg -hogode
for-hradian WII hasten before, anticipate, prevent
- 3 sg -hrada
![]()
forht adj afraid
- np forhte
forhtian WII fear, be afraid (intr)
- ptc ap forhtgendan
- 3 pl forhtiga
![]()
- 3 sg forhtige
- pret opt 3 pl forhtedon
forhtung f fear
- ds -unge
for-hwæga (-hwega) adv at least, about
for-hycgan WIII despise
[cf. forhogian]
- 1 sg -hycge
for-læ_tan (principal parts: pret sg:-l
t pret pl:-l
ton pp:-læ_ten ) R leave, leave off, omit, abandon, neglect, lose
- ptc -læ_tende
- 3 sg -læ_t
- opt 3 sg -læ_te
- 3 pl læ_ten
for-læ_tnes f remission
- gs (or gp) -nessa
Page 283
for-l
osan (principal parts: pret sg:-l
as pret pl:-luron pp:-loren ) 2 lose, abandon, destroy
- 3 sg -l
st
- opt 3 sg -l
ose
- 1 pl -l
osen
- pret 2 sg -lure
forma (fyrmest, firmest) supl adj first
- as forman
for-niman 4 take off, destroy
- pret 3 sg -n
m
- 3 pl -n
mon
for-r
dan 1 intercept by riding before
- pret 3 sg -r
d
for-rotian WII rot away, decay
- opt 3 sg -rotige
- pp -rotad
for-sacan 6 oppose, refuse
- pret 3 pl -s
con
[Mod forsake]for-scrincan (principal parts: pret sg:-scronc pret pl:-scruncon pp:-scruncen ) 3 shrink, wither
for-scyldigan WII condemn
- pp -scyldigod
for-s
arian WII sear, dry up, wither
- pp -s
arod
for-s
on 5 overlook, despise, reject
- 3 sg -syh
, -syh
![]()
- 3 pl -s
o
![]()
for-sewennis f contempt
- ds -nysse
for-sittan 5 delay
- pret 3 sg forsæt
for-spendan WI spend utterly, squander
- 3 pl -spenda
![]()
for-spyllan (-spillan) WI spill, waste, lose, destroy
- pp -spylled
for-spyllednis f spilling, waste, destruction, perdition
- gs -nysse
forst frost
- gs forstes
for-standan 6 understand
- pret 1 sg -st
d
for-stelan 4 steal away (trans)
- pret 3 pl -stæ_lon
for-suwian (-sugian -swugian -sw
gian) WIII keep silent (trans)
for-swæ_lan (-swelan) WI burn, scorch (trans and intrans)
- 3 sg -sw
le
![]()
- pret 3 sg -swæ_lde
[swol; Ger schwül]for-swelgan 3 swallow up
- pret 3 sg -swealh
for-t
ogean WII ordain
- pp -t
ode
for-tredan (principal parts: pret sg:-træd pret pl:-træ_don pp:-treden ) 5 tread down
for
adv forth, forwards, onwards, away; henceforth
- for
mid ealle forthwith
- and sw
for
and so on
for
-f
ran WI depart, die
- pret 3 sg -f
rde
- 3 pl -f
rdon
for
-f
r f departure, death
- gs -f
re
- ds -f
re
for
-georn adj eager to advance
for
-genge adj progressive, successful
for-
olian WII go without, miss, lack (w dat)
Page 284
for-
rysmian WII choke, suffocate
- pret 3 pl for
rysmodon
[rosm, 'smoke, vapor']
for
-s
m departure, death
- ds -s
e
for
-weard adj enduring
- as -weardne
for
-weg m way leading forth
- ds for
wege
for-
ylman WI envelop, suffocate; consume
- pret 3 sg -
ylmde
for-weard adj forward, fore
- ds -weardum
for-wegan 5 overcome, kill
- pp forwegen
for-weornian WII wither (intr)
- opt 2 pl -weornion
for-weor
an (-wur
an) 3 come to grief, perish
- 1 pl -wur
a
![]()
- opt 1 pl -weor
on
- pret 3 sg -wear
![]()
for-wiernan (-wirnan, -wyrnan) WI prohibit, prevent, refuse (w gen)
- opt 3 sg -wyrne
for-wordenl
c adj perishable
[weoran]
for-wundian WII wound seriously
- pp pl -wundode
for-wur
an see:for-weor
an
for-wyrcan WI barricade, obstruct
for-wyrd f n fate, destruction
- ds forwyrde
for-wyrdan WI perish
- 3 sg -wyr
![]()
f
t m foot
- gs f
tes
- dp f
tum
- ap f
t
f
t-m
l n foot-print, space of a foot
f
t-swæ
n foot-print
- dp -swa
um
fracod (fraco
, fracu
) adj of bad repute, detestable, vile, wicked
[*fra-c]
fram see:from
franca m spear
- ds francan
Francan pl m the Franks
- gp Francena
Franc-land n the country of the Franks
- ds -lande
frætwe pl f ornaments, decorations, equipments
- gp frætwa
- ap frætwe
[*fra-twe]
frætwian WII adorn
- pret 3 sg frætwode
- pp gefrætwad, gefrætewod, -ed
- pl gefrætewode
fr
a m lord
- gs fr
an
- ds fr
an
fr
cednis f danger, harm
- dp -nyssum
fr
cennes f danger, harm
- ds -nesse
fr
cne adj dangerous, perilous
- as fr
cnan
- ap fr
cne
[cf Mod freak]fr
cnes (fr
cnes) f danger, harm
- np fr
cnessa
- dp fr
cnessum
fr
fran WI comfort, console, cheer
fr
frend (ptc) m comforter
Page 285
fremde (frem
e) adj strange, foreign, alien
- np fremdan, fremde
[from; Ger fremd]fremian WII benefit, profit (w dat)
- 3 sg frema
[from 'valiant'; Ger fromm]frem-suml
ce adv kindly
frem-sumnes f kindness, benefit
- gp -nessa
- ap -nesse
fr
o see:fr
o
fr
od f good-will, peace
- as fr
ode
fr
ol
ce adv freely
fr
o-m
g m free kinsman
fr
ond m friend
- as fr
ond
- ap fr
nd
fr
ond-l
as adj friendless
- as -l
asne
fr
ondl
ce adv in friendly manner
fr
orig adj cold, chill
[frosan]
freo
u see:fri
![]()
Fr
sisc adj Frisian
- gp -iscra
- as on Fr
sisc in the Frisian manner
fretan (principal parts: pret sg:fr
t pret pl:fr
ton pp:freten ) 5 devour, eat
[<for-etan]frettan WI graze
- pret 3 pl fretton
fricgean 5 ask, inquire
[Ger fragen]Fr
esa (Fr
sa, Fr
sa) (adj) m a Frisian
frignan (fr
nan) (principal parts: pret sg:fræn pret pl:frugnon pp:frugnen ) 3 ask, inquire
- ptc frignende
- 3 pl fr
na
[Ger fragen]frimdi (frindig) adj desirous, petitioning
[fricgean]fr
o (fr
o fr
oh fr
oh) free
- ns fr
oh, fr
oh
- gp fr
ora
fri
m n [(freo
u f)] peace, security, protection
- gs fri
es
- ds fri
e
- as fri
, freo
u
[Ger Friede]fr
d adj wise, prudent, skilful, experienced, old
- ns fr
da, fr
d
fr
for (fr
fer) f comfort, consolation
- ns fr
fer
- as fr
fre
from (fram) prep (w dat instr); adv
- from (origin, departure, separation, release, distance)
- by, on the part of (agency)
- adv from, away
froml
ce adv strenuously, promptly
fruma m beginning, creation; author, creator, chief
- ds fruman
[from]frum-sceaft f creation
frym
f m beginning, origin, creation
- ds frym
e
- gp frym
a
[fruma]Page 286
fugelere m fowler
- np fugeleras
fugel-timber n (bird-structure), young-bird
fugol (fugel) m bird
- ns fugel
- gs fugles
- np fugelas
- gp fugela, fugla
[Mod fowl]f
l adj foul
- supl ns (voc) f
luste
ful-g
n irreg perform, carry out, fulfil (w dat)
- 3 sg -gæ
![]()
f
lian WII decompose
- 3 pl f
lia
[fl]
full (ful) adj full (w gen)
- as fullne
- ap full, ful
- ds fullan
- ds fullan adv fully, perfectly
full (ful) adv fully, perfectly, very (intensive)
- ful n
ah very nearly, almost
full-cræftig adj very efficient, virtuous (w gen)
- np -cræftige
full-fremedl
ce (ful-) adv perfectly
full-fremman WI do fully, fulfil, perfect
- 3 sg -freme
![]()
- opt 3 sg -fremme
- pp -fremed
full-h
lig adj very holy
- np -h
lige
fullian (fulwigan) WII baptize
- pret 3 sg fullode
full
ce adv fully
fulluht (fulwiht) m f n baptism
- gs fulwihte
- ds fulluhte
[full; wh, 'sacred']
fultum m help
- ds fultume, fultome
- as fultum
[*full-tam]
fultumian WII help (w dat)
fulwiht-h
d m baptismal rank, or vow
- ap -h
das
ful-wyrcan WI complete
- pret 3 sg -worhte
fundian WII strive after, intend, go
- pret 3 sg fundode
[findan]fur-lang n furlong
- gs -langa
[furh, 'furrow']fur
or (fur
ur) adv further
fur
um (fur
on) adv even, just, quite
f
s adj ready, eager
[Mod fuss]fyll (fiell) m fall, destruction, death
- ds fylle
- as fyl
[feallan]fylstan WI assist, help (w dat)
- pret 3 sg fylste
[*full-lst, l
stan]
f
r n fire
- gs f
res
- ds f
re
- as f
r
- is f
re
f
r-bæ
n fire-bath
- ds -ba
e
fyrd-rinc m warrior
f
ren adj of fire, fiery
- ds f
renum
Page 287
fyren-lust (firen-) m sinful lust
- np -lustas
fyrhto f fright, terror
- ds fyrhtu, fyrhto
fyrlen (fierlen) adj distant
[feorr]fyrmest see:forma
fyrn-dagas pl m days of long ago, ancient days
[Ger firn]fyrn-g
ar pl n years of long ago, ancient years
fyrn-ge-sceap n ancient decree
fyrn-ge-set n former seat or habitation
- ap -gesetu
fyrn-ge-weorc n ancient work
fyrst supl adj first, chief
fyrst (first, fierst) m division of time, time, period, respite
- gs fyrstes
- ds fyrste
- as first
[Ger Frist]fyrst-mearc f marked period of time, interval
- ds -mearce
f
san WI
- hasten (intr)
- send forth, impel (trans)
- pret 3 sg f
sde
[fs]
G
gædrian (ge-gædrian, cf ge-gaderian) WII gather
- 3 sg gædra
, gegædra
![]()
- pp gegædrad
gafol n tax, tribute, profit, interest
- gs gafoles
- ds gafole
[cf Goth ga-baur]g
lan WI delay, hinder
- pret opt 3 sg g
lde
gamenian WII play, pun
- pret 3 sg gamenode
[gamen 'game']gamol-ferh
adj aged
[*ga-ml]
g
n (principal parts: pret sg:
ode pret pl:
odon pp:geg
n ) go, come, walk, advance
- 2 sg g
![]()
- 3 sg g
![]()
- 3 pl g
![]()
- imp 2 sg g
![]()
- 2 pl g
![]()
- opt 3 sg g
![]()
- pret opt 3 pl
oden
g
r m spear
- ap g
ras
[Mod gore, gar-fish, etc.]g
r-berend m spear-bearer, warrior
g
r-mitting f meeting of spears or javelins, contest
- gs -mittinge
g
r-r
s m spear-encounter, battle
gærs n grass, blade
g
rsecg m sea, ocean
g
st (g
st) m spirit
- gs g
stes
- ds g
ste
g
st-cyning m spiritual king
- ds -cyninge
g
stl
c (g
stl
c) adj
- spiritual
- gs gæs
l
ces (dial)
- as g
stl
ce
- gp -lecena
- ap -lecan
- ghastly, terrible
- ns g
stl
c
Page 288
g
stl
ce (g
stl
ce) adv spiritually
g
te-h
r n hair of a goat
ge conj and
- ge ... ge both ... and
[cfg
er]
g
see:
![]()
geador adv together
geaful m
- fork
- in pl, jaws, bird's bill
- np geaflas
[Ger Gabel]ge-
gan PP own, possess
- ger -
genne
ge-
hnian (-
gnian) WII claim as one's own, take possession of
- pp ge
hnod
gealla m gall
- ds geallan
ge-
met(t)igian WII free, disengage from (w acc of pers and gen of thing)
- opt 2 sg ge
metige
[met(t)ig]
ge-an-b
dian WII
- wait, remain (intr)
- inf -b
dian
- imp 2 sg b
da
- await (w gen)
- inf -b
dian
ge-and-wyrdan WI answer
- pp -andwyrd
ge-
n-l
can WI unite
- pret 3 sg -l
hte
ge-an-l
cian WII liken
- pres 1 pl geanl
cie
g
ar (g
r) n year
- gs g
ares
- ds g
are, g
re
- as g
ar
- is g
are, g
re
- ap g
ar, g
r
gearcian WII prepare
- imp 2 sg gearca
[gearu]geard m enclosure, dwelling
- dp in geardum at home, in the world
g
ar-dæg m day of yore
geare (gearwe) adv readily, well
gearel
ce adv readily
ge-
rian WII show mercy (w dat)
- opt 3 sg -
rige
ge-ærnan WI run (or ride) for, gain by running (trans)
- 3 sg -æne
[yrnan]gearo-wita m intellect
- as -witan
gearu (gearo) adj yare, ready
- np gearwe, gearowe
[Ger gar]gearwian WII prepare
- pret 2 sg gearwodest
- 3 sg -ode
ge-
r-wur
ian WII honor
- pret 3 sg -wur
ode
ge-
scian (-
xian) WII learn by inquiry, hear of, discover
- 1 pl -
xia
![]()
- pret 3 sg -
scode, -
xode
- pp -
scad
ge-
scung f inquiry
- ds ge
scunge
geat n gate
- ds geate
- as geat
- ap gatu
geat-weard m gate-ward, door-keeper
ge-æ
ele adj befitting noble descent
ge-
xian see:ge-
scian
ge-b
dan WI compel, force
- pp geb
ded
ge-b
re n gesture, behavior, cry
- np geb
ru
[beran]ge-bed n prayer
- is gebede
- as gebed
Page 289
ge-b
odan 2 offer
- pret 3 sg -b
ad
ge-b
or m (beer-companion), reveller
- dp geb
orum
- np geb
oras
ge-beorg (-beorh) n protection, defence
- ds gebeorge
ge-beorgan 3 protect, save
- pp geborgen (impers)
ge-b
orscipe m banquet, entertainment
- gs -b
orscipes
- ds -b
orscipe
- dp -b
orscipum
geb
tan WI
- make amends for, repent of (trans)
- opt 3 sg geb
te
- 3 pl geb
ten
- repent (intr)
[bt]
ge-b
cnian [(cf b
acnian)] II betoken, indicate
- pp geb
cnod
ge-b
dan (principal parts: pret sg:-b
d pret pl:-bidon pp:-biden ) 1
- await, look for (w gen)
- 3 sg -b
de
![]()
- endure, experience
ge-biddan 5
- pray (w reflex acc)
- pret 3 sg gebæd
- pray (w reflex dat)
ge-b
egan (-b
gan -b
gan) WI bow, bend, incline, convert (trans)
- inf -b
gan, -b
gean
- 3 sg -b
g
![]()
- pret 3 sg -b
gde
- pret opt 3 pl -b
gden
- pp -b
eged, -b
ged
- pl -b
gede, b
gede
[bgan]
ge-b
gan see:ge-b
egan
ge-bilde adj bold, confident
- ds gebildum
[beald]ge-bind n combination, commingling
ge-bindan 3 bind
- 3 pl -binda
![]()
- pret 3 sg -band
- pp -bunden
- gp -bundenra
ge-b
snung f example
ge-bl
sian WII bless
- pret 3 sg -bl
tsode
- pp -bl
tsod
- sg -bl
tsode
ge-blissian (-blyssian) WII
- rejoice (intr)
- inf -blyssian
- ptc -blyssigende
- make happy (trans)
- pp -blissad
ge-bod n command
- ds gebode
[bodan]
ge-bræc n breaking, crashing
[brecan]ge-br
dan WI broaden, become extended
- pp pl -br
dda
ge-br
adian see:ge-br
dian
ge-br
dian (-br
adian) WII (breed), regenerate, restore
- pp gebr
adad
- pl gebr
dade
ge-bregd n change, vicissitude
[bregdan]ge-br
owan (principal parts: pret sg:-br
aw pret pl:-bruwon pp:-browen ) 2 brew
- pp gebrowen
ge-bringan (-brengan) WI bring
- 3 sg -bring
, breng
![]()
- imp 2 pl -bringa
![]()
ge-brocian WII afflict
- pp gebrocod
- np gebrocede
Page 290
ge-brosnodl
c adj corruptible
ge-br
or (
ru -
ra) m pl tant brothers
- np gebr
ra
- ap gebr
ru
ge-b
d see:b
an
ge-b
n see:b
an
ge-bycgan WI buy
- 3 pl -bycga
![]()
ge-b
gan see:ge-b
egan
ge-byrd n birth, rank, condition
- as -byrd
ge-byrgan WI taste
- opt 3 sg gebyrge
ge-byrian WI
- happen
- 3 sg gebyre
(impers)
- pertain, behove (impers)
[Ger gebühren]ge-b
snian WII give good example
- pret 3 sg geb
snode
ge-bytle n building, dwelling
- np gebytlu
- gp gebytla
ge-camp m fight, battle
- ds gecampe
- as gecamp
ge-c
osan 2 choose, elect
- pret 3 sg gec
as
- pp gecoren (decide)
- np -corene
ge-c
egan (-c
gan -c
gan) WI call, name, invoke
- 3 sg -c
g
![]()
- pp -c
ged
- pl -c
gede, -c
gede
ge-cierran (-cirran -cyrran) WI
- turn, change, convert, direct (trans)
- imp 2 sg gecyr
- pp gecierred
- sg -cyrreda
- pl -cyrrede
- turn (one's self), go, return (intr)
- inf -cyrran
- imp 2 sg -cyrr
- opt 3 sg -cyrre
- pl -cyrran
- pret 3 sg -cyrde
ge-c
gan see:ge-ci
egan
ge-cl
nsian WII cleanse
- pret 3 sg -cl
nsode
- pp -cl
nsod
ge-clingan (principal parts: pret sg:-clong pret pl:-clungon pp:-clungen ) 3 cling, adhere, compress
- pp pl geclungne
ge-cn
wan R know, understand
- 3 sg -cn
w
![]()
- pret 3 pl -cn
owon
ge-cneord-l
can WI be zealous, strive, study (intr)
- pret 3 sg -l
hte
g
-cneordl
ce adv diligently
ge-cnyrdnis f diligence, earnestness, study
- ds -nysse
ge-cringan 3 cringe, yield, fall
- pret 3 sg gecrong, gecranc
ge-cr
stnian WII christianize, catechise
- pp -cr
stnad
ge-cuman 4 come together, assemble
ge-cw
me adj (becoming), acceptable, pleasing
[Ger bequem]ge-c
gan see:ge-c
egan
ge-cynd f n nature, kind, generation
- ns gecynde
- ds gecynde, gecinde
- as gecynd
Page 291
ge-cynd-b
c f Genesis
ge-cynde adj natural
ge-cyrran see:ge-cierran
ge-cyrrednis f conversion
- gs -nysse
ge-c
an WI make manifest, show
- imp 2 sg -c
![]()
- pret 3 sg -c
de
ge-c
nis f manifestation, testament
- ds -nisse
- ap -nissa
ge-dafen [(cf ge-d
fe)] adj fit, becoming
[Mod deft, daft]ge-dafenian (-dafnian) WII befit, suit (impers w dat)
- 3 sg gedafena
![]()
- pret 3 sg gedafnode, gedeofanade (dial w acc ?)
[Goth gadaban]ge-d
l n division, separation
- as l
ces ged
l dissolution, death
ge-d
lan WI deal out (tear?)
- pret 3 sg -d
lde
ge-d
fe [(cf ge-dafen)] adj fitting, gentle, improved in condition
- comp ap ged
fran
[Goth gadbs]
ge-deofenian see:ge-dafenian
ge-deorf n labor, hardship, difficulty
ge-dihtan WI
- compose, dictate, write
- pret 3 sg -dihte
- direct, order
- pret 3 sg
[Ger dichten]ge-d
n irreg
- do, act
- pret 3 pl -dydon
- pret opt 3 sg d
de
- cause to be (trans)
- 3 sg -d
![]()
- 3 pl -d
![]()
- put into such and such a condition
- reach, arrive at
- pret 3 pl -dydon
ge-dreccan WI oppress, afflict, vex, trouble
- pp pl gedrehte
ge-dr
fan WI trouble, disturb, afflict
- 3 sg -dr
f
![]()
- 3 pl -dr
fa
![]()
- pret 2 pl dr
fdon
- pp -dr
fed
- pl -dr
fde, -dr
fede
ge-dr
fednis f trouble
- gs -nysse
ge-dr
osan 2 fall, fail
- pret 3 sg -dr
as
- pp pl -drorene
ge-drincan 3 drink up
- pret 3 sg gedranc
ge-dr
fenl
c adj troublous
ge-dryht f train of attendants, retinue, company
ge-drync n drinking, carousing
ge-dwol-monn m erring man, heretic
- np -men
- gp -manna
ge-dwolsum adj misleading, erroneous
ge-dwyld n folly, error
- gs -dwyldes
- ds -dwylde
[dwol]ge-dyrst-l
can WI dare, presume
- pret 2 sg -l
htest
Page 292
ge-ealgian WII defend
ge-earnian WII earn, deserve
- imp 2 sg -earna
- opt 3 pl -earnien
- pret 3 sg -ode
- 3 pl -odon
- pp geearnad
ge-earnung f desert, merit
- ds -unge
- gp -unga
- ap -unga
ge-
a
-m
dian WII humble, debase (w refl acc)
- pret 3 sg -m
dde
ge-
awan see:ge-
owan
ge-ed-cwycian (-cwician -cuican) WII quicken, revive
- pp pl -cwycode
ge-ed-n
wian WII renew
- 3 sg -n
wa
![]()
- pp -n
wad
ge-ed-sta
elian WII reestablish, restore
- imp 2 sg -sta
ela
- pret 2 sg -sta
elodest
ge-efen-l
can WI imitate
- ger geefenl
cenne
ge-ende-byrdan WI set in order, ordain, arrange
- pp -endebyrd
- as -endebyrdne
ge-endian WII
- end, finish (trans)
- ger geendianne
- pret 3 sg geendade
- pret opt 3 sg geendode
- pp geendod, -ad
- come to an end, die
- 3 sg geenda
![]()
ge-endung f ending, end
- ds geendunge
ge-
owan (-
awan) irreg show
- 3 sg -
ow
![]()
- opt 3 sg -
awe
ge-fædera m godfather in his relation to the father
ge-fadian WII arrange
ge-f
gian WII variegate, embroider
- pp gef
god
ge-fær n going, journey
ge-faran 6
- go, travel (intr)
- pret opt 3 sg gef
re
- travel (trans)
- depart out of life, die (intr)
- pret 3 sg gef
r
ge-fæstnian WII fasten, fix
- pret 3 sg -fæstnode
- pp pl -fæstnode
ge-f
a m joy, delight, gratification
- is ge-f
an
ge-f
al
c adj joyous, pleasant
ge-feccan (-fecgan -fetian) WIII fetch, take
- pret 3 pl -fetedon
ge-f
gan WI join
- imp 2 sg gef
g
- pp gef
ged
ge-feoht n fight, strife, battle
- ds gefeohte
- ap gefeoht
ge-feohtan (principal parts: pret sg:-feaht pret pl:-fuhton pp:-fohten ) 3
- fight
- gain by fighting, win
Page 293
ge-f
on 5 rejoice (w inst or gen)
- ptc gef
onde
- imp 2 sg -feoh
ge-f
ra m companion, comrade
- ds -f
ran
- np -f
ran
- ap -f
ran
ge-f
ran WI travel (trans)
ge-f
re adj accessible
[faran]ge-f
r-scipe m companionship
ge-feterian WII fetter, bind
- pret 3 sg -feterode
ge-fetian see:ge-feccan
ge-fexod (-feaxod) adj haired, having hair
- np -fexode
ge-fillednys f completion, fulfilment
ge-firnian WII commit a wrong, sin (intr)
- pret 1 sg -firnode
- 2 sg -dest
ge-fl
eman (-fl
man) WI put to flight
- pret 3 sg -fl
emde
- 3 pl -don
- pp -fl
med
- pl -fl
emde
ge-fl
man see:ge-fl
eman
ge-fl
t n contention, strife
- ds -fl
te
[fltan; Ger Fleiss]
ge-f
n R take, seize
- 3 sg gef
h
![]()
- hlyst gef
listens
ge-for
ian WII accomplish
- pp gefor
od
ge-fr
ge adj famous
[fricgan]ge-fr
ge n report, hearsay
- is mine gefr
ge
- as I have heard say
ge-fremian WII [(cf ge-fremman)] perform
- 3 sg -frema
![]()
ge-fremman WI perform
- ger fremmenne
- imp 2 pl -fremma
![]()
- pret 3 sg -fremede
- 3 pl -don
- pp -fremed
ge-freoge (-frige) n information
[fricgan]ge-fr
olsian WII set free, deliver
- 1 sg -fr
olside
- 3 sg -fr
olse
![]()
- opt 3 sg -fr
olsige
ge-freo
ian (-frio
ian -fri
ian) WII protect, favor
- imp 2 sg gefreo
a
- pret 3 sg -fri
ode
ge-frignan 3 learn by inquiry, hear
- pp gefrugnen
ge-fullian [(cf gefulwian)] WII baptize
- pret 3 sg gefullode
- pp gefullod
- pl gefullode
ge-fultumian WII help
- pp -fultumod
ge-fulwian [(cf gefullian)] WII baptize
- pp gefulwad
ge-fylce n army, troop, division
- dp gefylcium, gefylcum
[folc]ge-fylgan WIII follow (w dat)
ge-fyllan WI fell, cut down; deprive of (w gen)
- pp gefylled
[feallan]ge-fyllan WI
- fill (w gen)
- pp pl gefylda
- fulfil, complete, perform
- 2 pl -fylla
![]()
- opt 2 sg -fylle
- 1 pl -fyllon
- pret 3 sg -felde
- pp -fylled
- pl -fyllede
[full]Page 294
ge-fylsta m helper
- ds -fylstan
ge-fylstan WI help (w dat)
- pret 3 sg -fylste
ge-fyrn adv formerly
- gefyrn
r
ge-gaderian WII gather, collect, assemble (trans and intrans)
- 3 sg -gadera
![]()
- pret 3 sg -gaderode, -gaderade
- 3 pl -gaderodon
- pp -gaderod
- pl -gaderode
ge-gædrian see:gædrian
ge-g
n [(cf g
n)] irreg happen
- pret 3 sg ge
ode
ge-gangan R obtain (trans)
ge-gærwan see:ge-gearwian
ge-gearwian (-gæwan, dial) WII prepare
- imp 2 sg -gearwa
- pret 3 sg -ode
- pret opt 3 sg -gearwode
ge-glengan WI adorn
- pret 3 sg geglengde
- pp glenged
ge-g
dian WII endow
- pret 3 sg -g
dode
[gd]
ge-gremian WII enrage
- pp -gremod
- pl -gremode
[grom]ge-gr
pan (principal parts: pret sg:-gr
p pret pl:-gripon pp:-gripen ) 1 seize
ge-gyddian WII sing, utter
- pret 1 sg -gyddode
ge-gyrela m robe, dress, garment
- np gegyrelan
ge-h
dian WII ordain
- pret 3 sg geh
dode
- pp geh
dod
ge-h
l adj whole
ge-h
lan WI heal (trans)
- 3 sg -h
l
![]()
- opt 3 sg -h
le
- pret 2 sg -h
ldest
- 2 pl -don
- pp pl -h
lde
ge-h
lgian WII hallow, consecrate
- pp geh
lgod
- pl -ade, -ode
ge-h
tan (principal parts: pret sg:-h
t pret pl:-h
ton pp:-h
ten ) R
- promise
- 1 sg -h
te
- pret 2 sg -h
te
- name
- pp geh
ten
- pl geh
tene
ge-h
t-land n promised land
- gs -landes
ge-h
wian WII look at, reconnoitre
- pret 3 sg -h
wade
ge-healdan (principal parts: pret sg:-h
old pret pl:-h
oldon pp:-healden ) R hold, protect, maintain, observe
- 3 sg gehelt
- opt 3 sg -healde
- 3 pl -dan
- pret 3 pl -h
oldon
- pret opt 3 sg -h
olde
- pp gehealdan
ge-healtsumnis f captivity
- ds -nysse
ge-hefigian WII weigh down, oppress
- pp gehefgad
ge-h
gan WI effect, hold (an assembly)
ge-helpan 3 help (w dat)
ge-hende (adv) prep near (w dat)
Page 295
ge-h
ran see:ge-h
eran
ge-hergian WII capture (by harrying)
- pp gehergod
ge-hieran (-h
ran -h
ran -h
ran) WI hear
- ger -h
ranne
- ptc -h
rende
- 2 sg -h
rst
- 3 sg -h
re
![]()
- 3 pl -h
ra
![]()
- imp 2 sg -h
r, -h
ere
- 2 pl -h
ra
![]()
- opt 3 sg -h
re
- 1 pl -h
ron
- 2 pl -h
ran
- 3 pl -h
ren
- pret 2 sg -h
rdest
- 3 sg -h
rde
ge-hilt n hilt
ge-h
ran see:ge-h
eran
ge-h
wian WII form, fashion
- 3 sg -h
wa
![]()
ge-hl
apan R leap (upon a horse), mount
- pret 3 sg -hl
op
ge-hl
otan 2 cast or draw lots
- pret 3 sg -hl
at
ge-hlystan WI listen
- pret 3 pl -hlyston
ge-hn
gan WI humble, cast down
- pret 3 sg hn
de
[hngan]
ge-hola m protector
- gp geholena
[helan]ge-hr
osan 2 fall, perish
- 3 sg gehr
st
ge-hw
pron each
- gs gehwæs
- ds gehw
am
- as gehwone, gehwane
ge-hwanon adv from every quarter
ge-hw
r adv everywhere
ge-hwæ
er pron both, either
- as -hwæ
re, -hwæ
ere
ge-hwelc see:gehwilc
ge-hwerfan see:ge-hwyrfan
ge-hwilc (ge-hwylc, ge-hwelc) each, every (pl all)
- np gehwyilce
- ds gehwilcum
- is gehwylce
- as gehwylcne
nra gehwylc each one
nra gehwilcum, heora fr
onda gehwilcum, hiera ... gehwelcum
nra manna gwheylcne
htna gehwylc
ge-hwyrfan (-hwierfan, -hwerfan) turn, change, convert
- 2 sg -hwyrfest
- pret 3 sg -hwyrfde
- pp pl gehwyrfede, gwhwerfede
ge-h
dan WI hide, conceal, guard
- 3 sg geh
t
- pret 3 sg geh
dde
ge-hygd f n mind, thought, purpose
ge-hyhtan WI have hope, trust
ge-h
ran see:ge-h
eran
ge-hyrdan WI oppress
- pret 3 sg gehyrde
[heard]ge-h
rnes (-h
ernes) f hearing
- ds -nesse
ge-h
rsumian WII hear, obey (w dat)
- imp 2 pl -h
rsumia
![]()
ge-
can see:ge-
ecan
ge-
ct see:ge-
ecan
ge-
ecan (-
can -
can) WI increase, add to
- inf -
can
- pp ge
ct
[ac]
Page 296
ge-læccan WI seize, catch, take
- pret 3 sg gelæhte
ge-l
dan WI lead
- 3 sg gel
t
- opt 3 sg -l
de
- pret 3 sg -l
dde
- pl -l
ddon
ge-l
red pp adj learned
- np gel
rede, -edan
- supl ap gel
redestan
ge-l
stan WI
- perform, carry out (trans)
- 2 sg -l
ste
- opt 3 sg -l
ste
- pret 3 sg -l
ste
- help, stand by (intr w dat)
[Ger leisten]ge-la
ian WII invite, summon
- pret 2 sg -la
odest
- pp -la
od
[Ger ein-laden]ge-la
ung f (invitation), church, congregation
- gs -la
unge
ge-l
afa m belief, faith
- ds -l
afan
ge-l
affull adj believing
- ns -leaffula
- gp -l
affulra
fe-l
affulnes f belief, faith
- as -nesse
ge-lecgan WI lay
- pp gel
d
ge-l
fan see:ge-li
fan
ge-lendan WI
- come to land, come, go
- pp gelend
- endow with lands
- pret 3 sg gelende
[land]ge-l
ofan see:ge-l
efan
ge-leornian (-liornian) WII learn
- pret 1 sg -liornode
- 3 sg -leornode, -leornade
- 3 pl -don
- pp -liornod, -leornad
ge-lettan WI hinder, prevent
- pret 3 sg gelette
ge-l
c adj
- like, resembling, same (as adjective standing alone)
- as gel
can
- like, resembling, same w dat
- np gel
ce
- supl ns gel
cost, gel
cast
ge-l
c n similarity
- gs gel
ces
ge-l
ca m equal
ge-l
ce adv in like manner
ge-l
cian WII please (w dat)
- pret opt 3 sg -l
code
gel
cnes f likeness
- as gel
cnysse
ge-l
efan (-l
fan -l
fan -l
ofan) WI believe (w acc, dat, or gen)
- inf -l
fan, -l
fan, -l
ofan
- ger -l
fanne
- ptc -l
fende
- 1 sg -l
efe, -l
fe
- opt 2 pl -l
ofon
- 3 pl -l
efen, l
efon, -l
fon
- pret 1 sg -l
fde
- pp -l
fed
- pp -gel
fed, filled with belief, believing, adj
ge-l
f-fæstan WI make alive, quicken
- pret 3 sg gel
ffæste
ge-limpan (principal parts: pret sg:-lomp pret pl:-lumpon pp:-lumpen ) happen
- pret -lamp 3 sg
ge-limpl
c adj fitting, suitable
- as -limpl
ce
- dp gelimpl
cum, adv, by chance
Page 297
ge-l
glan WII lay, deposit
- pret 3 sg, -l
gode
- 3 pl -don
ge-l
me adv often, repeatedly
ge-l
ml
cian WII become frequent
ge-lustfullian WII please (w dat)
- pret 3 sg -fullode
ge-lustfull
ce adv willingly
- comp gelustfull
cor
ge-l
fan see:ge-l
efan
ge-l
fed (-l
fed, pp) adj weak, infirm
- gs gel
fdre
[lf; Mod left (hand)]
ge-l
htan WI illumine, give sight to
- pret 3 sg -l
hte
ge-l
san WI release, break, tear
- pp gel
sed
ge-m
gl
c adj importunate
ge-m
gnys f importunity
ge-m
h (ge-m
g) adj malicious, wicked
ge-m
lan WI speak
- pret 3 sg -m
lde
g
man see:g
eman
ge-m
na m intercourse; joining (of weapons)
- gs gem
nan
ge-m
ne adj common
[Ger gemein]ge-m
nel
ce adv in common, generally
ge-m
re n boundary, border
ge-ma
el n talking, interview, harangue
- gs -ma
eles
ge-mearc n boundary, limit
- gs -mearces
ge-mearcian WII mark, designate
- 3 sg -mearca
![]()
- pp -mearcad
ge-met n measure
- ds gemete
- is gemete, degree
- as gemet, metre
ge-met adj meet, fit
ge-m
tan WI meet with, find
- 2 sg -m
test
- 2 pl -m
ta
![]()
- opt 3 pl -m
ton
- pret 3 sg m
tte
- 3 pl -on, -m
tton
- pp g
m
tt, gem
t
ge-m
teng (gem
ting) f meeting, assembly
ge-metgian WII moderate, temper, restrain, regulate
- 3 sg -metaga
![]()
- opt 3 sg -metgige
ge-metgung f measure, regulation, order
- as -metgunge
- ap -metgunga
ge-metl
ce adv moderately
ge-miltsian WII show mercy (w dat)
- imp 2 sg gemiltsa
ge-molsnian WII moulder, decay
- 3 sg -molsna
![]()
- pp pl -molsnode
ge-mong n crowd, throng
- ds gemonge
- in gemonge (prep w dat) among
ge-m
t n meeting, assembly, council, concourse, encounter
- gs gem
tes
ge-munan PP remember, call to mind, be mindful of
- 1 sg geman
- 3 sg gemon
- imp 2 sg gemyne, gemune
- 2 pl gemuna
![]()
- pret 1 sg gemunde
- pret opt 3 pl gemundon
- imp 2 sg gemun
- opt 3 sg gemyne
- pret 3 sg gemunde
Page 298
ge-mundbyrdan WI protect
- pret opt 3 sg gemundbyrde
ge-mynd f n memory
- ds -mynde
- as -mynd
ge-myndgian (-myngian) WII keep in mind, remember
- pret 3 sg -myndgade
ge-myndig adj mindful of (w gen)
ge-myntan WI have in mind, intend
- pret 3 sg -mynte
- pp gemynt
g
n (g
na, g
en g
ena) adv yet, still, even
ge-n
adian WI compel
- pp gen
adad, gen
ded
ge-neahhe (ge-nehe) adv enough, frequently, often
ge-n
a-l
can WI approach
- ptc -l
cende, -l
cende
- pret 3 pl -l
hton
ge-n
at m companion
[Ger Genosse]ge-nehe see:ge-neahhe
ge-n
osian WII visit, approach, (trans)
- 3 sg -n
osa
![]()
- pret 3 sg -ode
ge-nerian WI save, rescue, preserve
- 3 sg -nere
![]()
- pret 3 sg -nerede
- pp pl generode
ge-nihtsum adj sufficient, abounding
- ap -sume
ge-nihtsumian WII suffice
- 3 sg genihtsuma
![]()
- 3 pl -ia
![]()
ge-nihtsuml
ce adv sufficiently
ge-nihtsumnes f sufficiency
- gs -nysse
ge-niman (principal parts: pret sg:n
m,nam pret pl:n
mon,n
mon pp:numen ) 4 take
- imp 2 pl genima
![]()
- opt 3 sg genime (reflex, collect oneself)
- pret opt 3 sg gen
me
ge-nip n mist, cloud, darkness
- ap genypu
ge-n
pan 1 become dark
- pret 3 sg gen
p
ge-ni
erian (-ny
erian) WII cast down, abase, condemn
- pp geni
erod, geny
erod
ge-ni
erung (-ny
erung) debasement, wickedness
- ap -ny
erunga
ge-n
wian WII renew
- pp gen
wad
ge-n
h (ge-n
g) adj enough
ge-notian WII use, consume
- pp as genotudne
Page 299
geofon n sea, ocean
- gs geofones
ge-ofrian (-offrian) WII offer
- pret opt 3 pl geofrodon
geogo
(giogo
, iugo
) f youth; giogu
(young persons, collect.) (???)
- ds geogu
e
g
omor adj sad
- as g
omran
[Ger Jammer]g
omor-m
d adj of sorrowful mood
- np -m
de
g
omrung f lamentation, moaning
- ds -unga
- as -unge
geond (giond) prep (w acc) throughout (place and time)
geond-faran 6 traverse
- 3 pl -fara
![]()
geond-hweorfan 3 pass over, traverse
- 3 sg -hweorfe
![]()
geond-l
can (principal parts: 3 sg pres:leolc pret sg:l
c pret pl:l
con pp:l
cen ) R play over, traverse
- opt 3 sg -l
ce
geond-l
htan WI
- illumine (trans)
- pret 3 sg -l
hte
- pp pl -l
hte
- shine over or upon (intr)
- pret opt 3 sg -l
hte
geond-sc
awian WII overlook, survey
- 3 sg -sc
awa
![]()
geond-sendan WI send abroad
- pp -send
geond-
encean WI think over, reflect upon
- 1 sg -
ence
- 3 sg -
ence
![]()
geond-wl
tan 1 look over (trans)
- 3 sg -wlite
![]()
geong (giong, iung) adj young
- ns gioncga
- ap geonge, iunge
geongl
c adj youthful
ge-openian WII open
- imp 2 sg -opena
- pp pl -openede
georn (giorn) adj eager, earnest, desirous (w gen)
- np giorne
- ns georn
- np georne
georne adv eagerly, willingly, certainly, surely
- comp geornor
- supl geornost
geornfull adj eager, desirous
- np geornfulle
geornfull
ce adv eagerly, earnestly
- comp geornfull
cor
geornfulnes f eagerness, zeal
- ds -nesse, -nysse
geornl
ce adv eagerly, earnestly, attentively
- comp geornl
cor
ge-or-tr
wian WII despair of, distrust
- opt 3 sg geortr
wige
ge-r
can WI reach, obtain
ge-r
d adj trained, prudent
- as -r
dne
ge-r
dan R and WI counsel, advise
- 2 sg -r
dest
Page 300
ge-r
de n trappings
ge-r
afian WII seize
- 3 pl ger
afia
![]()
ge-reccan WI relate, explain, count
- ger -reccenne
- imp 2 sg -rece
- pret 3 sg -rehte
- pret opt 2 sg -reahte
- pp pl -rehte
ge-recednis f narration
- ds -nisse
ge-r
fa m reeve
ge-r
nian (geregnian) WII arrange, adorn
- pp ger
nod
ge-reord n speech, language
- ds -reorde
ge-reordung f refection, meal
- as -reordunge
ge-restan WI rest
ge-rihtan WI correct
- opt 3 sg gerihte
ge-rihte n law
- ap gerihta
ge-riht-l
can WI direct, correct
- ptc -l
cende
- pp pl læhte
ge-ripan 1 reap
- pret 3 pl gerypon
ge-risenl
c adj proper, suitable
- ap -l
ce
- comp as l
cre
ge-risenl
ce adv suitably, fittingly
- comp -lecor
ge-r
man WI
- widen, extend (trans)
- pret 3 pl r
mdon
- pp r
med
- open a way (intr)
- pp r
med
[rm]
ge-r
ne n secret, mystery
- np ger
nu
[rn]
ge-s
lig adj happy, prosperous, blessed
- ns s
liga
- np -s
lige
- comp np -sæligran
[sl; Ger selig]
ge-sæligl
c adj happy, blessed
- np -s
ligl
ca
ge-s
ligl
ce adv happily
ge-s
l
f happiness, fortune, prosperity
- gp ges
l
a
- ap ges
l
a
ge-s
rgian WII trouble, afflict
- pp as -s
rgodne
- pl -s
rgode
ge-sc
adl
ce adv discriminatingly, wisely
ge-sc
adw
s adj discriminating, intelligent, rational, wise
- ns -sc
adw
sa
ge-sc
adw
snes f discretion, reason, wisdom
- ds -nysse
ge-sceaft f
- creature, creation
- ds gesceafte
- np gesceafta
- destiny, decree (of fate)
[scieppan]ge-sceap n
- creation
- ds gesceape
- destiny
- ap gesceapu
[scieppan]ge-sceapenis f creation
- ds -nisse
ge-scendan (-scindan) WI put to shame, confound
- pret 3 sg -scende
- pp -scinded
[sceond]ge-sce
an 6 harm, injure (w dat)
- pret 3 sg -sc
d
- 3 pl -sc
dan
[Ger schaden]Page 301
ge-scieppan (-scippan -scyppan) (principal parts: pret sg:-sc
p (-sc
op) pret pl:-sc
pon (-sc
opon_ pp:-sceapen (-scepen, -scæpen) ) create, make
- pret 3 sg -sc
p, -sc
op
- pp -sceapen
- pl -scæpene
ge-sc
nan 1 illuminate (trans)
ge-scindan see:ge-scendan
ge-scipian WII provide with ships
- pp pl gescipode
ge-scyldan WI shield, protect
- opt 3 sg -scylde
- pp -scylded
ge-scyldnis f protection
- as -nysse
ge-scyrpan WI clothe, equip
- pp as -scyrpedne
[sceorp]ge-scyrpla m garment
- np -scyrplan
ge-s
can WI seek
ge-secgan WIII say, tell
- pret 3 sg -s
de
- pp -s
d
ge-seglian WII sail
ge-segnian WII cross oneself
- pret 3 sg -segnode
[segn]ge-selda m hall-companion, comrade, retainer
- ap geseldan
ge-sellan WI give up, yield
- pret 3 pl -sealdon
ge-s
man WI reconcile
[Mod seem]ge-s
on (-s
on) (principal parts: pret sg:-seah pret pl:-s
won (-s
gon) pp:-sewen (-sawen -segen) ) see, observe, consider
- inf -s
on
- imp 2 sg -seoh
- pl -s
o
![]()
- sg -s
o
- 2 sg -sihst
- 3 sg -sih
![]()
- 1 pl -s
o
![]()
- opt 2 sg -s
o
- 3 pl -s
on
- pret 2 sg -s
we
- pp gesegen, gesawen, gesewen
ge-set n seat, habitation
- np gesetu
ge-setnis f foundation, composition, narrative, decree
- ds -nysse
- ap -nyssa
ge-settan WI
- set, place, appoint
- pret 3 sg gesette
- pp geseted
- pl -sette
- compose, write
- pret opt 3 sg -sette
ge-s
an WI confirm
- pp pl -ges
de
[s]
ge-sewenl
c adj visible
- np -l
ca
ge-s
clian WII sicken
- pp ges
cclod
[soc]
ge-siglan WI sail
ge-sih
(-syh
) f seeing, sight, presence
- ds -sih
e, -syh
e
- as -sih
e, -syh
e
ge-singan 3 sing
- pret 3 sg gesang
- pp gesungen
ge-s
on see:ge-s
on
Page 302
ge-sittan 5 occupy
- pret 3 sg gesæt
- pp as -setenne (sit out)
ge-sl
an 6 gain by fighting, win
- pret 3 pl gesl
gon
ge-smyrian WII annoint
ge-somnian (-samnian) WII collecty, assemble (trans)
- pp -samnod
- pl -ode
ge-somnung f collection, assembly
- gs -unga
- ds -unge
ge-sprec n interview, counsel
ge-standan 6
- stand
- opt 3 sg -stonde
- come upon
- pret 3 sg gest
d
ge-sta
elian WII establish, build, confirm
- pret 1 sg -sta
elode
- pp -sta
elad
ge-stæ
ig adj steadfast
- ds -stæ
egan
ge-steall n establishment, foundation
ge-st
gan 1 ascend (trans)
- 2 sg -st
gest
- pret 3 sg -st
h
ge-stillan WI
- be still, cease (intr)
- imp 2 sg gestille
- pret 3 sg gestilde
- pl gestildon
- restrain, stop (trans)
- pret opt 3 sg gestilde
ge-st
ran (-st
eran, -st
ran) WI direct, restrain (w dat)
- pret opt 3 pl gest
rden
[stor]
ge-strangian WII strengthen
- imp 2 sg -stranga
- opt 2 sg -strangie
- pret 2 sg -strangodest
- pp -strangod
ge-str
on n possession, property
- np -str
on
ge-str
nan (-str
enan) WI (beget), acquire, win, gain
- 3 pl gestryna
![]()
- pret opt 1 sg gestrynde
[ge-stron]
ge-sund adj sound, whole, safe
- as -sundne
- np -sunde
ge-sundfull adj sound, whole
- ns -ful
ge-sundfull
ce adv safely
- supl -l
cost
ge-sw
s adj gentle
ge-sweorean 3 become dark, sad
- opt 3 sg -sweorce
ge-sw
can (principal parts: pret sg:-sw
c pret pl:-swicon pp:-swicen ) 1 cease, leave off (w gen)
- opt 2 pl -sw
con
- pret opt 3 pl -swicon
ge-swinc n toil, effort, hardship
- gs -suinces, -swinces
- ds -swince
ge-sw
ns n harmony, melody
ge-swustor (-tru -tra) f pl tant sisters
- ap geswustra
ge-swutelian (-sweotolian) show, make manifest
- 3 sg -swutela
![]()
- pret 3 sg -swutelode
- pp -swutelod
Page 303
ge-synto f prosperity
g
t see:g
et
ge-tæcan WI teach, show
- 1 sg getæce
ge-t
cnian WII betoken, signify
- pret 3 sg -t
cnode
- 3 pl -don
- pp -t
cnod
ge-t
cnung f signification, token, type
- ds -t
cnunge
ge-tæl n number, order, narrative
- ds getele
- as getæl
ge-teld n tent, tabernacle
- ds getelde
ge-tellan WI tell, count, reckon
- pp geteald
ge-tengan WI hasten
- pret 3 sg getengde
ge-t
on (principal parts: pret sg:-t
ah pret pl:-tugon pp:-togen ) 2 draw
- 3 sg -t
h
![]()
- pret 2 sg -tuge
- 3 sg -t
h
- pp pl getogene (instructed)
ge-t
orian WII diminish, fail, become exhausted
- pret 3 sg get
orode
- pp get
orod
ge-timbre n structure, building
- ap -timbro
ge-timbrian WII build
- 3 sg -timbre
![]()
- pret 3 sg -timbrode
ge-t
mian WII happen
- pret 3 sg -t
mode
ge-t
ian WII grant (w dat of pers and gen of thing)
- 3 sg -t
a
![]()
- pret opt 3 pl -t
odon
- pp -t
od
ge-toht n battle
- ds getohte
ge-truma m troop, (military) division
- as -truman
ge-trymman WI prepare, strengthen, confirm
- ptc -trymmende
- pret 1 sg -trymede
- 3 sg -trymde
ge-t
n WI instruct
- pp get
d
ge-
æf adj (with gen) favoring, confessing
ge-
afian WII permit, allow, consent to
- ptc -
afiende
- 3 sg -
afa
![]()
- opt 2 sg -
afige
- pret opt 3 sg -
afode
ge-
afung f permission, assent
- ds -
afunge
ge-
and m n thought, purpose
ge-
ancian WII thank (w dat of pers and gen of thing)
- 1 sg -
ancie
ge-
eaht f n
- thought, purpose
- ds ge
eahte
- council, deliberation
ge-
eahtere m councilor
- np -
eahteras
ge-
encean WI think, take thought
ge-
odan WI join, associate
- pret 3 sg -
odde
- 3 pl -don
ge-
ode (-
ode) n language
- gs -
odes (nation)
- as -
ode, -
ode
- gp -
oda
Page 304
ge-
odnis f association
- ds -nisse
ge-
icgean 5 take, receive
ge-
ingian WII plead for
- pret opt 3 sg -
ingode
ge-
ing
(ge-
ing
u) f dignity, rank, office
- ds -
ing
e
- as -
inc
u
[ingan]
ge-
ht m thought
- ds -
hte
ge-
olian WII permit, allow
ge-
rang n press, tumult
- ds ge
range
ge-
r
an WI strengthen, arm
- pp ge
r
ed
ge-
ungen (pp) adj grown, triven, perfected, competent, excellent, distinguished
- ap -
ungene
- ap
ungnestan
[on]
ge-
w
re adj concordant, at peace
ge-
w
rian WII make concordant
- 3 sg -
w
ra
![]()
ge-
w
r-l
can WI agree to, allow (w dat)
- pret 3 pl -l
hton
ge-
w
rnes f agreement, concord, peace
- as -nesse
ge-
yld n f patience
- gs -
ylde
[Ger Geduld]ge-
yldig adj patient
ge-
ydl
ce adv patiently
ge-uferian WII exalt
- pp geuferod
ge-unnan PP grant (w dat of pers and gen of thing)
- opt 2 sg -unne
ge-un-trumian WII weaken, make ill
- pp geuntrumod
g
-wadan 6 go, advance
- pret 3 sg -w
d
ge-w
gan WI weigh down, distress
- pp pl gew
gde
ge-wald (weald) n power, control
ge-w
pnian WII arm
- pret 3 sg -w
pnode
ge-wealdan R wield, control (w gen)
- pret 3 sg -w
old
- pp ds gewaldenum
- gewaldenum controllable, inconsiderable, small
ge-w
man WI entice, bring over
ge-wemman WI defile, impair, destroy
- pret 3 sg -wemde
- pp pl -wemmede
ge-wemmednis f defilement
- ds -nysse
ge-wemming f defilement
- ds -wemminge
ge-wendan WI return, go
- pret 3 sg -wende
ge-weorc n
- work, labor
- is -weorce
- military work, fortification
- ds -weorce
ge-weor
an (wur
an) (principal parts: pret sg:-wear
pret pl:-wurdon pp:-worden ) 3
- happen, come to pass, become, be
- 3 sg gewyr
![]()
- 3 pl gewur
a
![]()
- opt 3 sg geweor
e
- gewur
e
and hym let it be between you
- (impers w reflex acc)
- sw
sw
hine silfne gewyr
according to his own decree
Page 305
ge-weor
ian WII honor
- pp -weor
ad
- pl -weor
ade
ge-w
cian WII encamp, dwell
- 3 sg -w
ca
![]()
- pret 3 sg -w
code
- pp -w
cod
ge-wilnian WII desire (w gen and acc)
- opt 3 sg -wilnige
- pret 3 sg -wilnode
ge-wilnung f wish, desire
- ds -unge
- np -unga
ge-win-dæg m day of strife
- np -dagas
ge-winn n struggle, strife, battle
- gs -winnes
- ds -winne
- as -winn
ge-winnan 3 obtain by fighting, win, gain
- pret 3 pl -wunnon
ge-wiss adj certain of (w gen)
- ns gewis
ge-wissian WII
- inform, instruct, enjoin (w dat)
- pret 3 sg -wissode
- guide, direct (w acc)
ge-wissl
ce adv certainly
ge-wita m witness
ge-w
tan (principal parts: pret sg:-w
t pret pl:-witon pp:-witen ) 1
- depart, swerve, fail
- 1 pl -w
ta
, -w
ta
![]()
- imp 2 sg gew
t
- 2 pl -wita
![]()
- opt 3 sg gew
te
- 3 pl -ten
- pp pl gewitene
- depart (from the world), die
- 3 sg gew
tt
ge-witenl
c adj transitory
ge-witennis f departure, death
- gs -witenesse
ge-w
tnian WII punish, chastise
- pp pl -w
tnode
ge-witt n intelligence, understanding
- gs -wittes
- ds -witte
ge-wlitigian WII beautify, adorn
- pp gewlitigad
ge-wrecan 4 avenge
ge-write n writing, letter, scripture
- gs -writes
- as gewrit
- gp -writa
- ap -writu
ge-wr
an 1 bind
- pp pl gewry
ene
ge-wuldrian WII glorify
- pp gewuldrod
gewuna m habit, custom
- as -wunan
ge-wundian WII wound
- pret 3 sg -wundode
- pp -wundod
ge-wunel
c adj customary
ge-wunian WII
- dwell, remain, live
- opt 3 pl -wunien (cogn acc)
Page 306
gewyldan WI bring into one's power, subdue
- pp gewyld
[ge-weald]ge-wyrc(e)an WI work, make, create
- pret 1 sg -worhte
- pp geworht, geworct
ge-wyrdan WI injure, destroy
ge-wyrdel
c adj historical
ge-wyrht f n work, deed, desert
ge-wyrman WI warm
- pp gewyrmed
ge-wyrpan WI recover (from injury or disease)
- pret 3 sg gewyrpte
ge-wyrtian WII season with herbs, spice, perfume
- pp gewyrtad
ge-yrsian WII be angry with (w dat)
gieddian (gyddian) WII recite, speak
- pret 3 sg gieddade
giedding f utterance
- ap gieddinga
giefan (gifan gyfan) (principal parts: pret sg:geaf pret pl:g
afon pp:giefen ) 5 give
- ptc gifende
- 3 sg gif
![]()
gief-st
l m seat of a lord (giving gifts)
- ap giefst
las
giefu (gifu gyfu) f gift
- ns gifu
- ds gife, giefe
- as gife, giefe, gyfe
- gp gifena, gyfena, geofena, geofona
gielp (gilp gylp) m n boasting, arrogance, pride
- ns gilp
- gs gielpes
- ds gylpe
gielpan (gylpan) 2 boast (w gen)
- inf gylpan
gielt (gilt gylt) m guilt, offence, sin
- ds gylte
- ap gieltas, gyltas
g
eman (g
man g
man) WI care for, observe, regard (w gen)
- 3 sg g
m
![]()
- pret 3 sg g
mde, g
mde
- 3 pl g
mdon
- pret opt 3 sg g
mde
g
emen (g
men) f care, oversight, responsibility
- gs g
emenne
g
et (g
t g
t g
t g
ta g
ta) adv yet, besides, further, still
gif conj if
g
fernes f greediness
- gs -nesse
g
fre adj greedy
gifu see:giefu
gilp see:gielp
gilt see:gielt
gimm (gymm) m gem
- ns gim
- ds gimme
- gp gimma
gim-st
n m precious stone, gem
- np -st
nas
- gp -st
na
- ap -st
nas
Page 307
gin-fæst (ginn-) adj ample, liberal
g
o (g
o g
u g
u
u
o) adv formerly, before, of old
u
r
g
u already
- g
t ... g
yet of old
giond see:geond
g
sel (g
sel) m hostage
- ns g
sel
- ds g
sle
- ap g
slas
[Ger Geisel]git see:
![]()
g
t see:g
et
g
tsian WII desire
- ptc dp g
tsigendum
glæd adj glad, happy, bright, shining
- ds glædum, gladum
- as glædne
- supl ns gladost
glædl
ce adv gladly
glæd-m
d adj glad-hearted
- np -m
de
gl
m m gleam, splendor
glæs n glass
gl
aw adj wise, prudent
- np gl
awe
Gl
aw-ceaster f Gloucester
- ds -ceastre
gl
aw-m
d adj wise, sagacious
gleng m f ornament
- np glengeas
- ap glengas
glengan WI adorn
- 3 sg glenge
![]()
gl
owian WII be merry, jest
- ptc gl
owiende
gl
dan (principal parts: pret sg:gl
d pret pl:glidon pp:gliden ) 1 glide
gl
w (gl
g gl
o) n glee, mirth
- ds gl
we
gl
w-stæf m joy
- dp gl
wstafum
gnornian WII mourn, lament
- ptc gnorngende
God m God
- gs Godes
- ds Gode
- np godo
- gp goda
- ap godu
g
d adj good
- ns good
- as g
d, g
de, g
dan
- np goode
- gp g
dra, g
dena
- comp ns betera (bettera), betra, betere, betre
- supl ns betsta
- supl is bestan
- supl np betstan
g
d n
- benefit
- ds goode
- as good
- gp gooda, g
da
- goods, possessions
God-bearn n Son of God
- gs -bearnes
god-cund adj divine
- gs -cundre
- ds -cundre
- np -cundan
- gp -cundra
- dp -cundan
god-cundl
c adj divine
- gs -l
can
- as -l
ce
god-cundl
ce adv divinely
god-cundnis f divine nature, divinity
- gs -nesse
- ds -nysse
- as -nesse
g
d-d
d f good deed
Page 308
Godmundinga-h
m m Goodmanham (Bernicia)
god-spell n gospel
- ds -spelle
- as -spel
god-spellere m evangelist
- ns -spellere
- np -spelleras
god-spell
c adj evangelical
- ds -spell
can
god-sunu m god-son
god-webb n purple (cloth)
- as godweb
- ds -webbe
gold n gold
- gs goldes
- ds golde
gold-fæt n golden vessel
- ds -fate
gold-hord n m treasure
gold-smi
m goldsmith
- np -smi
as
gold-wine m (gold-friend), treasure giver, lord
gomol adj old
- ns gomel
[*ga-ml]
gong (gang) m path, course
- as gang, gong
gongan (gangan, gengan) R go, walk, advance, march
- ptc gongende, gangænde
- imp 2 sg gang
- opt 2 pl gangon
Got-land n Jutland, Gothland (island in the Baltic sea)
gr
del
ce see:gr
digl
ce
gr
dig adj greedy
- as gr
digne
gr
digl
ce (gr
del
ce) adv greedily
gr
g adj gray
- is gr
gan
- as gr
ge
gram adj grim, angry, fierce, cruel
- np grame
- ap graman
grama m anger, wrath
- gs graman
gr
nung f groaning
græs-wong m grassy plain
- ds -wonge
Gr
cisc adj Greek
gr
ne adj green
- np gr
ne
- ap gr
nan
gr
ot n gravel, sand, earth
- gs gr
otes
- ds gr
ote
- as gr
ot
gr
tan WI greet
- 3 sg gr
te
, gr
t
- opt 3 sg gr
te
- pret 3 sg gr
tte
grimm adj fierce, cruel
- ap grimme
grimme (grymme) adv grimly
grindan 3 grind, sharpen
- pp pl gegrundene
gri
n peace
[ON gri]
gr
wan (principal parts: pret sg:gr
ow pret pl:gr
won pp:gr
wen ) R grow
- opt 3 sg gr
we
grund m ground, bottom, earth, country, world
- ds grunde
- as grund
- ap grundas
grundlunga adv from the foundation, completely
gryre-l
o
n song of terror
- gp -l
o
a
g
-d
d (
u-d
d) f former deed
- gp -d
da
Page 309
guma m man, hero
- np guman
- gp gumena
g
f battle
- gs g
e
[cf Mod gon-falon]g
-freca m warrior, valiant one
- ds -frecan
g
-hafoc m war-hawk
g
-plega m war-play, battle
g
-rinc