Gillian Sankoff
Spring Semester 2007 - Thursday 9 - 11
gillian@central.cis.upenn.edu
Linguistics Lab, 3700 Market St, Suite 300

Linguistics 660


Language Change across the Lifespan

What the course is about:

My own longitudinal study of Montreal French (see below) will be on the agenda, and other topics will include work on the critical period (mostly involving ASL and L2 research) and the nature of post-critical period language learning; studies of early childhood bilingual acquisition; a review of all known sociolinguistic studies that have followed individual speakers over time (there aren't very many, but recently we have Harrington's interesting work on Queen Eliz.II); the sociolinguistic community re-studies that have begun to appear since the late 1990s; research on the perception of change and variation; work on second dialect acquisition; and any other line of work that seminar participants feel is related to language change and adult speakers.
I am particularly interested in the question of whether the end of the critical period is in fact more like a door that creaks shut, sometimes rather slowly, than like a door that slams tight. Language change in later life would seem necessarily to involve metalinguistic awareness in a way that makes it different from L1 acquisition, but it may not be the case that it is the ONLY basis for language change in later life. How to understand this in modeling language change vs. stability over the lifespan? And how does it relate to language change?
I also plan to present some of my own results of work completed, almost completed, and in progress, in more depth than will be appropriate or possible for the IRCS talk, in order to raise questions that can motivate further research. Three analyses now completed or very close to completion are (1) the [r] --> [R] change; (2) auxiliary selection (être is on the increase), and (3) periphrastic futures, which are replacing inflected futures but not without retrograde movement of upper class speakers across their lifespans. Studies by other scholars based on the Montreal French corpora will also be reviewed.
Students enrolled in the seminar will be encouraged to find creative ways to locate relevant data. One suggestion: my paper on the two Northern British vowels over the lifespans of Nicholas and Neil, featured in the "7 Up" film series, dealt only with age 7 through 35. Age 42 and 49 have appeared since then, so that story could be updated. And there are a number of other speakers in that documentary series who might be of interest (e.g. Paul, who moved to Australia before age 14).

               Readings: Critical Period