Kashaya

Y - y

ya [ya] Pronoun. 1st person Plural Nominative: we.

yal [yál] ⇒ ya. Pronoun. 1 • 1st person Plural Accusative: us.

2 • 1st person Plural Inalienable Possessive: our, ours.

yaʔkʰe [yaʔkʰe´] ⇒ ya. Pronoun. 1 • 1st person Plural Benefactive: for us.

2 • 1st person Plural Possessive: our, ours.

yaʔna [yáʔna] ⇒ ya. Pronoun. 1 • 1st person Plural Locative: where we are.

2 • 1st person Plural Locative of Home: at our house, at our place.

-ya [ya] Variant: -y. Cooccurrence: not used after the Negative nor after imperfective suffixes such as the Durative. Verb. Visual Evidential: used for perfective or completed actions which the speaker knows to be true because he saw them happen.

=yac [yaʔ] Variant: =ya·c. Noun. 1 • Agentive: the noun marks the agent or important participant [?]

2 • Respectful: indicates respect for the person named by the noun.

cahno dicʼma·yac [cahno dícʼma·yaʔ] ⇒ cahno₂, dicʼma*, =yac. Noun. interpreter.

hiyemʔyac [hiyémʔ yaʔ] ⇒ hiyem*, =yac. Noun. lord, ruler, one with authority.

sʼaʔsʼa siqʰoliʔ yaʔ [sʼaʔsʼa síqʰoliʔ yaʔ] Lit: dirty sucking in one; dust sucking instrument ⇒ sʼaʔsʼa, siqʰolicʼ*, =yac. Noun. vacuum cleaner. synonyms: ʔama· cisulqaʔli.

=yacol [yacol] Variant: =ya·col. ⇒ =yac. Noun. AGT Acc.

=yacoʔkʰe [yacoʔkʰe] Variant: =ya·coʔkʰe. ⇒ =yac, =ʔkʰe. Adposition. 1 • Agentive Benefactive.

2 • Agentive Possessive, Alienable.

=yacoʔna [yacoʔna] Variant: =ya·coʔna. ⇒ =yac. Adposition. 1 • Agentive Locative: where a person is.

2 • Agentive Locative of Home; at a person's house or place.

=yacʰma [yacʰma] ⇒ =yac. Noun. Plural for animate nouns, especially people.

ʔama hnatʰqa· yacʰma [ʔama hnatʰqa· yacʰma] ⇒ ʔama·₁, hnatʰqa*, =yac. Variant: ʔama ciqʰamʔ yacʰma. Noun. surveyors.

ʔama· cʼoʔ yaʔ [ʔama· cʼóʔ yaʔ] Lit: agent who created the land ⇒ ʔama· cʼo·cʼ, =yac. Noun. God.

=yaco [yaco] Variant: =ya·co. Noun. Agentive Vocative.

=yacol [yacol] Variant: =ya·col. ⇒ =yac. Noun. AGT Acc.

=yacoʔkʰe [yacoʔkʰe] Variant: =ya·coʔkʰe. ⇒ =yac, =ʔkʰe. Adposition. 1 • Agentive Benefactive.

2 • Agentive Possessive, Alienable.

=yacoʔna [yacoʔna] Variant: =ya·coʔna. ⇒ =yac. Adposition. 1 • Agentive Locative: where a person is.

2 • Agentive Locative of Home; at a person's house or place.

=yacʰma [yacʰma] ⇒ =yac. Noun. Plural for animate nouns, especially people.

yahmoṭ [yahmóʔ] Noun. mountain lion, panther. yahmoṭʼé· mu it's a panther.

yahwiy [yahwíy] Interjection. thank you! yahwiy nihcedun, to kʼili mocʼoʔkʰeʔ it’s not going to take much to turn me black. Example Comment: because the speaker is already dark, when she gets in the sun.

yahwiyam* [yahwiyamʔ] ⇒ . Verb. thank.

yal [yál] ⇒ ya. Pronoun. 1 • 1st person Plural Accusative: us.

2 • 1st person Plural Inalienable Possessive: our, ours.

yala [yala] 1 • Adjective. straight, right on. hadu· ʔel ma·cáʔṭʼo yala pʰíla·cʼiʔ the rest, however, went right on. ʔacaʔ yala straight (standing) man; honest man. ʔahca yala straight room. ʔaha· yala straight stick. hiʔda yala straight road. yala pʰíla·cʼiʔ they went right on. compare: yalaw, sʼalut, kucʼa·ha, yuʔyuʔ.

2 • Adjective. (stretched) flat, smooth. yala ʔé· mu it is smooth. ʔama· yala level land.

3 • Adjective. bland (tasting). yala qáʔtʼaw it tastes bland. Example Variant: qaʔtʼáw hcʰoʔ.

4 • Adverb. immediately. synonyms: ʔanawi, kuyala.

kuyala [kuyála] ⇒ hku, yala. Adverb. right away. sáhqaci kuyala ʔ stop right now. synonyms: ʔanawi, yala.

yalac* [yalaʔ] ⇒ yala. Verb. straighten out; be stretched or straightened out. yalaci straighten out! straighten up! yalací·du(wa·du) D: Durative. yalácʰmeʔ D: Plural. yalayícmeʔ D: Plural. yalacíʔtʰuʔ D: Negative. yalacítiʔ ? (2 words?) yalácʰqa straighten it! yalacíticʰqa @ straighten them! compare: yuyuc*.

yalaqolacʼ [yalaqólaʔ] ⇒ yala, qola*, -acʼ₁. Noun. young spike buck.

yalaw [yalaw] 1 • Adjective. previous. yalá· capa tol ṭuhsoyíduṭaʔ this past Friday. yaláw ʔṭʼo ʔa soh me· ʔicé·dutʰin muʔnati bihqatol ʔa soh mi· ʔiʔkʰe ʔ before (earlier, previous times) I didn't stay there but this time I'm going to stay there. antonym: na·mi.

2 • Adverb. at first. yalawe· mu he was at first. yalawʔ bakʰe ʔacaʔ the first man. yalaw él dibi·y he picked up the first one. compare: yala.

yala·mac [yalá·maʔ] ⇒ yalaw. Adverb. 1 • at first, from the beginning. yala·macʼ e** mu he was first. yala·maʔ bakʰe ʔacaʔ the first man.

2 • for a while. yalá·maʔ mace·cʼi wait a while. Example Variant: mace·cʼi yála·maʔ | mace·cʼi yalaw.

yala·mac [yalá·maʔ] ⇒ yalaw. Adverb. 1 • at first, from the beginning. yala·macʼ e** mu he was first. yala·maʔ bakʰe ʔacaʔ the first man.

2 • for a while. yalá·maʔ mace·cʼi wait a while. Example Variant: mace·cʼi yála·maʔ | mace·cʼi yalaw.

yama·ni [yama·ni] ⇒ yama·nu.

yama·ni qawi [yama·ni qawi] ⇒ yama·nu, qawi. Noun. lamb.

yama·ni ʔime [yama·ni ʔíme] ⇒ yama·nu, ʔime. Noun. wool or cotton.

yama·nu [yama·nu] Variant: yama·ni. Noun. sheep.

yama·ni qawi [yama·ni qawi] ⇒ yama·nu, qawi. Noun. lamb.

yama·ni ʔime [yama·ni ʔíme] ⇒ yama·nu, ʔime. Noun. wool or cotton.

yamihše* [yamíhšew] ⇒ ʔihya, mihše*. Variant: yamiše*. Verb. 1 • be sniffing. pʰala yá mihše sniff again! pʰala ya míhšetʰuʔ don't sniff again! ya míhše·du be sniffing standing still or hither; sniff in. ya míhšeta·du be sniffing (pl). ya míhšemihše·du @ sniff repeatedly. ya míhšedu·cedu @ keep sniffing. ya míhšedu·ci smell from air from long way. ya míhšetʰuʔ don't sniff! pʰala yá mihšew sniff the air again. pʰala yá mihšemihše·du @ sniff repeatedly #again. synonyms: mišu·n*, šuhkʰašuhkʰa*, šukʰe·naqac*.

2 • to scent or track by scent, be sniffing (as an animal), . ʔacaʔ ya míhšew to scent a man. qʰama ya míhšew to track by scent. ya míhšew animal to sniff around on traces.

yamiše* [yamiše] ⇒ yamihše*.

-yaw [yaw] Adjective. ADJ.

duhqʰahqʰayaw [duhqʰahqʰayaw] ⇒ duhqʰahqʰa*₁, -yaw. Adjective. liked a little by everyone, in everyone’s affections. ʔima·ta duhqʰáhqʰaya· qʰale ʔe· mu She has always been liked by everyong; She has always been in everyone's affections.

qʼa·yaw [qʼa·yaw] ⇒ qʼa·*, -yaw. Adjective. left behind, abandoned. ʔahca qʼá·yaw abandoned house. hiʔbaya ʔima·ta yaʔ qʼa·yaw a woman abandoned a man.

yaʔkʰe [yaʔkʰe´] ⇒ ya. Pronoun. 1 • 1st person Plural Benefactive: for us.

2 • 1st person Plural Possessive: our, ours.

yaʔna [yáʔna] ⇒ ya. Pronoun. 1 • 1st person Plural Locative: where we are.

2 • 1st person Plural Locative of Home: at our house, at our place.

yaʔta* [-] Instr Verb Root. share, help.

bayaʔta* [bayaʔtaw] ⇒ ba-, yaʔta*. Verb. help (share in) the conversation. dayáʔta D: Imperative, Plural. dayáʔtatʰuʔ D: Negative. dayáʔtaci·du D: Durative. dayáʔtawa·duwa·du D: Durative. duyáʔtaqaʔ D: Causative, Absolutive. duyáʔtaqa·cʼi let him help you! ma·cál duyáʔtaqa·cʼi let them help you! compare: qa·yi*, qʰaʔdi*, qa·yi*.

duyaʔta* [duyaʔtaw] ⇒ du-, yaʔta*. Verb. share, help, participate. duyaʔtaqacʼmeʔ let him help you all! weya dúyaʔta·yacʰma helpers in doctoring. compare: dohṭoy*.

duyaʔta·yac [duyáʔta·yaʔ] Lit: witness, counselor ⇒ yaʔta*, duyaʔta*. Noun. dreamer.

hiyaʔta* [hiyaʔtaw] ⇒ hi-, yaʔta*. Verb. share, help, restricted to objects associated with the body, like clothes. kʼaṭa₁ híyaʔtamu·cʼe·₂ ya₃ manʔ₄ qʼo₅ I’m sharing clothes with her. hadu· yacol ʔima·ta híyaʔtaw he’s sharing his woman with another man; he’s sharing the other man’s woman. tiʔkʰe ʔima·ta híyaʔtamuʔdo· miya·daqʰanʔ they say the husband is sharing his wife. miyá·daqʰanʔ tiʔkʰe ʔima·ta híyaʔtamuʔdo· mu·kito they say the husband is sharing his wife with him. ʔima·ta híyaʔtamuʔdo· mu·kito they say his wife is running around with another man.

miyaʔta* [miyaʔtaw] ⇒ mi-₂, yaʔta*. Verb. share, help, by smelling. ʔima·ta ʔem mul mihsewal, miʔyahtʰi·li ʔa miyáʔtawela the woman did not recognize that smell; then I helped (her know what it was).

pʰiyaʔta* [pʰiyaʔtaw] ⇒ pʰi-, yaʔta*. Verb. help, share, with a long object. pʰiyaʔtameʔ help (me) chop (to several)! pʰiyaʔtawacʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. (maʔa) qayáʔtawe yal ʔ eat with us! Share (food) with us!

šayaʔta* [šayaʔtaw] ⇒ ša-, yaʔta*. Verb. help fish with net, pole, or hands. ʔahša šáyaʔtawe to ʔ help me fish with net, pole or hands!

ya·m*₁ [-] Cooccurrence: with negative. Instr Verb Root. be unable to do all.

baya·m* [bayamʔ] ⇒ ba-, ya·m*₁. Verb. be unable to do all, with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing). ʔaná· cahno baṭʰe· ʔin, ya bayamtʰ there are so many words, we are not finishing.

duya·m*₂ [duyamʔ] ⇒ du-, ya·m*₁. Variant: duya·mataq*. Verb. 1 • be, get old; be unable to lift. duyamʔtʰin to try to lift and fail because it’s too heavy. duyamtʰibá qʼawe· mu he left it because he couldn’t lift it. cihsi dúyamwiye· to ma you hurt my sore by touching. ʔacaʔ duyám e· ma you are an old man. duhtá·tiʔduba ʔnati duʔyaméla I was going to touch but I stopped short. duyatéla· ʔa I stopped short several times. hiʔdi meʔ tʰin maya duyama·tahpʰi kuʔmeʔ huʔuhtimʔkʰe someday (down the road) when you get old, you'll look the same.

2 • be unable to lift.

haya·m* [hayamʔ] ⇒ ha-, ya·m*₁. Verb. kick something to break it and fail (one or several times).

muya·m* [muyamʔ] ⇒ mu-, ya·m*₁. Verb. be unable to do cook, fail to cook. ʔa cuhni· stú·fa wi comaʔli ʔkʰe muyamtʰ I put my bread in the oven but it failed to cook. muyamtʰuʔ don’t hurt him (by throwing stone)! muya·ma hurt him!; Cook it! muyatamtʰumeʔ don’t hurt them!

pʰiya·m*₁ [pʰiyamʔ] ⇒ pʰi-, ya·m*₁. Verb. be unable to see entirely, all of. pʰiyamʔkʰe tʰín e, to· ma qʼoʔdi canʔpʰí ʔnati even if you look at me good, you can not see everything on me.

qaya·m* [qayamʔ] ⇒ qa-, ya·m*₁. Verb. be unable to chew (because it's too tough).

siya·m* [siyamʔ] ⇒ si-, ya·m*₁. Verb. be unable to finish drinking; too much to finish drinking. ma·caʔ siyamʔtʰín they cannot finish drinking. ʔacaʔ yacʰma siyamʔtʰín the people cannot finish drinking.

ya·m*₂ [-] Instr Verb Root. hurt, give pain to what is already sore.

duya·m*₁ [duyamʔ] ⇒ du-, ya·m*₂. Verb. hurt, give pain to what is already sore, with the finger. cihsi dúyamwiye· to· ma you hurt my sore by touching it.

hiya·m* [hiyamʔ] ⇒ hi-, ya·m*₂. Verb. hurt, give pain to what is already sore. hiyam to hurt by bumping. hiya·ma to ʔ hurt me! hiyamme to ʔ (several) Hurt me! hiyatámmetaʔ several hurt me several times! cihsi hiyamtʰe· to· ma you did not hurt my sore. ʔiša· hiyámwiye· to· ma you hurt my arm (it was already sore) by bumping me.

pʰiya·m*₂ [pʰiyamʔ ] ⇒ pʰi-, ya·m*₂. Verb. hurt, give pain to what is already sore. with the side of a long object, the eyes, an ax, a hammer; hurt a sore spot with a stick. pʰiya·ma D: Imperative. pʰiyamá·tadu D: Durative. baqʼo pʰíyamʔ tʰin it didn’t affect him.

šuya·m* [šuyamʔ] ⇒ šu-, ya·m*₂. Verb. hurt more, give pain to what is already sore, by pulling, pushing and pulling. šuya·ma grab and pull sore (leg)!

ya·palka [ya·palka] Noun. apple. ya·pálka hqal apple-lover.

ya·palkahqʰa [ya·pálkahqʰa] ⇒ ya·palka, ʔahqʰa. Noun. apple juice.

ya·palka qasʼalʔ [ya·pálka qasʼalʔ] Lit: apple squeezings; apple squeezings ⇒ ya·palka, qasʼa·l*. Noun. cider.

ya·palka qʰale [ya·palka qʰale] ⇒ . Noun. apple orchard.

ya·palkahqʰa [ya·pálkahqʰa] ⇒ ya·palka, ʔahqʰa. Noun. apple juice.

ya·su [ya·su] Noun. needle.

ya·su qa·qac [ya·su qá·qaʔ] ⇒ ya·su, qa·qac*. Verb. thread a needle.

ya·su šeʔeṭ [ya·su šeʔeʔ] ⇒ ya·su, šeʔeṭ. Noun. sewing basket.

ya·su qa·qac [ya·su qá·qaʔ] ⇒ ya·su, qa·qac*. Verb. thread a needle.

ya·su šeʔeṭ [ya·su šeʔeʔ] ⇒ ya·su, šeʔeṭ. Noun. sewing basket.

ya·we [yá·we] Variant: ya·wi. Noun. key. compare: kilu·ca, ya·wi ʔimo.

ya·wi ʔimo [yá·wi ʔimo] ⇒ ya·we, ʔimo. Noun. keyhole. compare: kilu·ca, ya·we.

ya·wi [yá·wi] ⇒ ya·we.

ya·wi ʔimo [yá·wi ʔimo] ⇒ ya·we, ʔimo. Noun. keyhole. compare: kilu·ca, ya·we.

ye*₁ [-] Instr Verb Root. many move around, swarm.

haye* [hayew] ⇒ ha-, ye*₁. Verb. many move around.

hayehaye* [hayehayew] ⇒ haye*. Reduplicating Verb. many to move around as in anthill or cars and people on busy street. biʔkʼás hayeháyewe· ʔama· yóltow ants are scrambling, from under ground. háyʔko hayeháyewe· ʔahqʰa yow wigglers are wiggling in the water. synonyms: biyobiyo*.

ye*₂ [-] Cooccurrence: With directional: use the instrument to assist the object to move or be held. With -m-: use the instrument to hold the object against another object; to hold, not in the instrument but by pressing with the instrument against an object which may then be pressed against something else. Variant: yeht*. Instr Verb Root. move, hold. synonyms: ʔbe*₅, ne*₃, bane*₃, duye*, mihca*, biʔdi*₂, di*, coʔdo*, mica·cʼic*, hsa*₁, biʔdic*, yecʼ*, biʔcʼi*, hsa*₂, bane*₂, yecʼ*.

baye* [bayew] Lit: I₂ sent₁ her₃ off₁ˢ with the words "Be₅ good₄!" ⇒ ba-, ye*₂. Variant: bayeht*. Verb. direct, warn, send; give oral instruction. baye·du to tell (blind person) which way to go. bayeda·duʔ to send someone off with words, "be careful". Example Variant: baye·duʔ. bayecʼwaʔ reflexive. bayenʔwadu to direct around by words. Example Variant: badenʔwadu. baye·dúcʰmela·₁ ʔa₂ ma·dal₃ qʼoʔdi₄ ʔíhqati₅ I warned (or reminded) her to be good.

biye* [biyew] ⇒ bi-, ye*₂. Variant: biyeht*. Verb. hold in arms, hug to self, wrap arms around. biyema wrap arm around something and hold against self! biyemá·cʼi wrap arm around part of body (knee) and hold against self! biye·du to walk along hugging someone. biyecʼwacʼmuʔ D: Directional.

caye* [cayew] ⇒ ca-, ye*₂. Variant: cayeht*. Verb. move, hold, with a massive object. cayenʔwadu to push something around, pushing with shoulders, slow or fast (/cakʰenʔwadu/ means same and also to shift around with rear. synonyms: cahkʰe*.

cuye* [cuyew] ⇒ cu-, ye*₂. Variant: cuyeht*. Verb. move, hold, with a round object. cuye·du D: Directional. Example Variant: cukʰe·du. kawa·yu yácʰma ʔamal kare·ta ʔel cuyé·cʼ the horses were going down holding the wagon back from running away. hoʔtʼo dáyeyiʔ to press the head between the hands (Antone "Creation").

cʰiye* [cʰiyew] ⇒ cʰi-, ye*₂. Variant: cʰiyehti*. Verb. hold, move, by holding a handle. kare·ta ʔaná· mihsacʼ ihqan kawa·yu yacʰma qalil cʰiye·cʼ the wagon was so heavy the horses were barely dragging it uphill. hicʼo· mul baʔtʼa cʰíye·du – diṭʼa·sʼuwe ʔ hook that egg slowly towards you; it might break.

cu·ki cʰiyehtimʔli [cú·ki cʰiyehtimʔli] Lit: to hold socks up with hook ⇒ cʰiye*. Noun. garter belt. compare: cu·ki pʰanata·maʔli.

duye* [duyew] ⇒ du-, ye*₂. Variant: duyeht*. Verb. move, hold wih the finger. duye·du to steer (car) along; to lead, guide (blind person or something that can’t do it itself). má·kina duye·du to drive (car). Example Variant: má·kina monʔqaw. pili·li dúye·du to have hold of wheel (steering car). duye·du múl ʔ help him walk! Example Variant: duye·du mú·kito ʔ.. duye·law to steer going down; to hold someone going down. duyemʔ to hold in fingers. qali· dimáti duyemʔ to grab to hold in air. duyema(´·du) sg. obj. duyéhtima D: Plural Imperative. daʔṭʼawáyʔ duyemʔ to hold it pressed against something. duyenʔwadu to lead around. duyema D: Imperative. duyemá·du D: Durative. cʰuwayʔ duyemaʔ to hold back, suppress a laugh. duyemá·duʔ to lead (home). cahti tolhqʰaʔ duyemáci lead to bed! (not nec. into bed, but into bedroom). cahti tólhqʰaʔ duye·qa lead to bed! (already in bedroom). duyemá·cʼi control yourselves! Get a hold of yourself! ʔacaʔ šulamʔ duyétʰmucʼe· nurses yacʰma nurses lead sick people around by holding (under arm). synonyms: ye*₂, ʔbe*₅, ne*₃, bane*₃, mihca*, biʔdi*₂, di*, coʔdo*, mica·cʼic*, hsa*₁, biʔdic*, yecʼ*, biʔcʼi*, hsa*₂, bane*₂.

duyem* [duyemʔ] ⇒ duye*. Verb. hold, press. duyema hold it against! compare: baneyicʼ*.

duye·duʔli [duye·dúʔli] Lit: steering car with ⇒ duye*. Variant: ma·kina duye·duʔli. Noun. steering wheel.

hiyem* [hiyemʔ] ⇒ hi-, ye*₂. Instr Verb Stem. hold authority. hiyémʔ ʔihya· the strongest by far, way stronger than anyone else. haʔbí·tow ma·dal hiye·du from over there someone is coming pressed up against her. (no slow meaning).

mayem* [mayemʔ] ⇒ ma-₂, ye*₂. Verb. hold from moving using foot. ʔacaʔ yaʔ karé·ta tol cʰiʔcʼáhqa· maye·nʔ the man came with foot pressed on the brakes of the wagon. mayemʔ hold down a clutch; hold (log) in place with foot.

šuyem* [šuyemʔ] ⇒ šu-, ye*₂. Instr Verb Stem. hold rope still, hold a cow on a rope; hold (rope) stretched. šuye·du leading (cow) on rope hither (or hold shirt and lead along). šuyenʔwadu to lead (cow) around by rope. ma šuyéma maʔal ʔ you hold this! (rope, animal on rope). šucemúcʼpʰi šuyecʼmeʔ you pl. grab (table) together and take it someplace! compare: šude·d*.

ʔama· hiyemʔ yaʔ [ʔama· hiyémʔ yaʔ] ⇒ ye*₂. Noun. the president, lord of the land. compare: kʰeʔma.

yec* [yeʔ] ⇒ hye·*. Verb. stop.

yecʼ* [-] Instr Verb Root. hold one thing against another, hold the instrument or body part indicated by the prefix against. synonyms: ye*₂, ʔbe*₅, ne*₃, bane*₃, duye*, mihca*, biʔdi*₂, di*, coʔdo*, mica·cʼic*, hsa*₁, biʔdic*, biʔcʼi*, hsa*₂, bane*₂, ye*₂.

cuyecʼ* [cuyeʔ] ⇒ cu-, yecʼ*. Verb. prop up. cuyécʼqaw to prop (one). cuyéʔcihqaw to prop (several). cuyéʔcʼi to prop up. cuyécʼqa prop it up!

dayecʼ* [dayeʔ] ⇒ da-, yecʼ*. Verb. press open hand against something. míl dayecʼi press hand on that! Example Variant: dayecʼí mil ʔ.. dayéʔtacʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative.

diyecʼ* [diyéʔ] ⇒ di-, yecʼ*. Verb. (person) lean on. diyécʼmaw (a man) to lean against. diyecʼí mil cumatʰma· tol ʔ lean back on that chair!

hayecʼ* [hayeʔ] ⇒ ha-, yecʼ*. Verb. hold foot against something. cumatʰma· tol qali· hayecʼi put your foot (on heel) high on the chair!

hiyecʼ* [hiyeʔ] ⇒ hi-, yecʼ*. Verb. be up against. hiyecʼ íyow (He) leaned against.; mi híyeʔ caw to sit leaning against there. ʔana· hiyécʰqatʰu mul ʔ don’t sit so clost to that! siʔbál hiyecʼa·lahqa mul ʔahá· qʰale tol ʔ set that stick close to the tree. Example Variant: siʔbál₁ hiyecʼá·lahqa₂.....

mayecʼ* [mayeʔ] ⇒ ma-₂, yecʼ*. Verb. hold one thing against another using the sole of the foot or the butt of the hand. mayéʔtacʼi set feet on! mayecʼi set foot on! mayéʔtacʼmeʔ rest your foot!

mayeʔtaʔli [mayéʔtaʔli] Lit: set feet on ⇒ mayecʼ*. Variant: mayeʔtaʔ. Noun. stirrup or foot rest.

pʰiyecʼ* [pʰiyeʔ] ⇒ pʰi-, yecʼ*. Verb. hold side of long object against something. pʰiyecʼa·qacʰqa lean the stick against! pʰuyécʰqa light (the match)! Example Variant: pʰuyécʼqa.

yeht* [-] ⇒ ye*₂. Instr Verb Root. move, hold.

yel [yel] ⇒ ye·l*.

yemhṭʰe [yémhṭʰe] Noun. net (gill net).

yey^ [yey^] Interjection. when hummingbird dives, it goes /zim/; say /yéy/ or you’ll get boils on your rear;

ye·l* [-] Variant: yel. Instr Verb Root. move slowly. compare: be·l*, ʔbe*₁.

qaye·l* [qayelʔ] ⇒ qa-, ye·l*. Verb. chew slowly; move lips slowly. qayelmaw (deer chewing cud) slow moving of lips (jaws ?) standing. qayélqayelʔ D: Causative, Absolutive.

qa·yelʔye [qa·yélʔye] ⇒ qa-, ye·l*. Ideophone Adjective. having slow-moving lips.

ye·wa [yé·wa] Noun. mare.

-yi₁ [yi] Variant: --·yi; -e·yi. Kinship Noun. Comitative in kinship system.

-yi₂ [yi] Variant: --·yi; -·yi. Cooccurrence: sometimes lengthens preceding vowel. Adverb. times, number of instances. ku·yi one time, once. qʰo·yi two times, twice. beṭʼbuyi how many times.

ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ [ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ] ⇒ ṭuhšo, -yi₂, dutʼat*₂. Noun. Friday. yalá· capa tol ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ this past Friday. qʰo cápa hqow ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ Friday before last.

yi*₁ [-] Instr Verb Root. scratch deeply, scratch over a distance so that the material separates, gouge, slash. compare: yi*₄.

dayi* [dayiw] ⇒ da-, yi*₁. Verb. scratch deeply, scratch over a distance so that the material separates, gouge, slash, with the hand. dayiwá·law D: Directional "down". dayi (to fingernail) Scratch deep so it opens! dayicí·duce·du D: Durative, Directional "away". dayiwa·du D: Durative. dayíhwala D: Directional "down", Imperative. kú·ška yaʔ (to) dayiwá·lawiye· (to) dasucʼba the cat, when he scratched me (or), slashed downward.

hayi*₂ [hayiw] ⇒ ha-, yi*₁. Verb. scratch using legs and nails, claws; rub foot on something. kúška yaʔ ʔacaʔ heʔ li hayi· balá· maʔyul ma·du·y the cat scratched the man many times with its claws and he became all bloody. (How bad was it ?) maʔal ṭa huʔú·mo ṭʼi· hayíhwaqoʔ like this, the face was all scratched up. ʔacacʼ em (yaʔ) kumiʔdaʔ qʰama wi hayiw e· mu ʔama· ʔimó hcemam the man always rubbed with his foot so that that ground is an open hole.

qayi* [qayiw] ⇒ qa-, yi*₁. Verb. make scratch along skin with tooth, make bleed. qayitʰuʔ don’t gouge with the teeth! qaʔyiqáyita·du D: Durative.

yi*₂ [-] Instr Verb Root. promise to be at a place, make a date.

bayi* [bayiw] ⇒ ba-, yi*₂. Verb. one to promise to be some place.

bayiwac* [bayiwaʔ] ⇒ bayi*. Verb. several to promise. bayitʰuʔ D: Negative. bayicí·du D: Durative. bayiwácʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. mu·kito qʰomáci hqo· bayiw é ʔa cohtóʔ tʰin I promised him I would be there two days ago but I did not go.

yi*₃ [-] Instr Verb Root. resemble, take after.

mayi* [mayiw] ⇒ ma-₂, yi*₃. Verb. resemble because of genetic relationship, take after, "favor". mayiʔ to favor, take after. Example Variant: mayiw. mayi·ci D: Semelfactive, Imperative. mayicʰmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. mayíhcimmeʔ D: Plural Imperative, Semelfactive. mayi·tʰuʔ D: Negative. mayici·ducé·du D: Durative, Directional "away". maʔél mayiw e· mu naṭa hiʔba·cay em. (~ /...mayicʼ e·/) that child takes after his father; he’s mean. mito máyiw e· mu naṭa qʼoʔdi ʔem that child is good because he takes after you (after his brother).

yi*₄ [-] Instr Verb Root. write. compare: yi*₁.

cʰiyi* [cʰiyiw] Lit: I am making letters, not writing (right). ⇒ cʰi-, yi*₄, cʰi-, yi*₄. Verb. write. kalikakʰ sʼiwa·du cʰiyitʰela I’m writing but not words (or not right). kalikakʰ cʰiwela I am writing. compare: ʔyi*₄.

yi*₅ [-] Instr Verb Root. play ball.

pʰiyi* [pʰiyiw] ⇒ pʰi-, yi*₅. Verb. play ball. pʰiʔkʼo pʰiyiw to play ball. pʰiyi D: Imperative. pʰiyimeʔ D: Plural Imperative. pʰiyiwácʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. pʰiʔkʼo pʰiyiyí·ci start to play ball! Example Variant: pʰiʔkʼo pʰíyiwi·bici. pʰiyiyiʔ to start to play ball. pʰiʔkʼo pʰiyiyiʔ (They) started to play shinny. pʰiʔkʼo ya pʰiyite· nihcedy "Let’s play shinny." (5-23.6).

yi*₆ [-] Instr Verb Root. act on a corner.

cayi* [cayiw] ⇒ ca-, yi*₆. Verb. act on a corner with the rear end. kawa·yu ʔem sá· cayi·mulʔ the horse turned around the tight (corner) rubbing with his rear (on the rail).

duyi* [duyiw] ⇒ du-, yi*₆. Verb. act on a corner with the finger. hecʼ li duyiw not to really scratch but to keep working on object with nails.

hayi*₁ [hayiw] ⇒ ha-, yi*₆. Verb. move foot (not stick or hand) back and forth on a corner. hayitʰuʔ don’t rub your foot on the corner!

hiyi* [hiyiw] ⇒ hi-, yi*₆. Verb. rub body on edge of something. malá· to· šuyímuli draw string back and forth around edge, making mark or not (can use file and mark).

šuyi* [šuyiw] ⇒ šu-, yi*₆. Verb. act on a corner by pushing or pulling. pʰalá šuyitʰuʔ D: Negative. šuyiwá·du D: Durative. duʔkʼásqʼaṭa lí·mawi šuyipʰí šuqʰa with a file drawing it back and forth, cut shell in two (to make ornament).

yi*₇ [-] Variant: yiwa*. Instr Verb Root. count.

miyi* [miyiw] Lit: to count together ⇒ mi-₂, yi*₇. Verb. count, read. miyiwá·du to figure out (numbers). miyiwá·duci to figure out piles off to a distance. miyiw one to count. miyiwaʔ several to count. miyitʰuʔ don’t count! miyicí·du keep counting! compare: milac*.

miyimuʔ [miyimuʔ] ⇒ miyi*. Verb. to add.

miyiwad* [miyiwá·du] ⇒ miyi*. Verb. figure out (numbers). miyiwá·duci figure out (lots of piles off to distance)). compare: cuhtiwad*.

ʔama· miyiw [ʔama· miyíw ] ⇒ ʔama·₂, miyi*. Variant: ʔama miyiw. Noun. numbers; counting, arithmetic. ʔama míyiw bahṭʰe big number. Example Variant: bahṭʰe ʔáma miyiw.

-yic [yic] Cooccurrence: occurs only after a vowel-final stem, but otherwise freely used. Verb. Inceptive: to start or begin an action.

-yicʼ [yicʼ] ⇒ -cid.

=yihe [yihe] Adjective. as if; imitation, pretended.

winato· yihe ʔi [winató· yihe ʔiw] Lit: be as if on top ⇒ winatow, =yihe, ʔi*. Verb. be conceited, be arrogant, show off, be pushy. winató· yihe ʔiw conceited.

yiho·l [yihó·l] Noun. beans. yiho·l sʼuwaʔ dried beans.

yiho·l bahṭʰe [yihó·l bahṭʰe] Lit: big bean ⇒ yiho·l, bahṭʰe. Variant: yiho·l ʔahṭʰiy. Noun. one lima bean.

yiho·l sʼamoṭ [yihó·l sʼamoʔ] Lit: green beans ⇒ yiho·l, sʼamoṭ. Noun. string beans, green beans.

yiho·l ʔahṭʰiy [yihó·l ʔahṭʰiy] Lit: many big beans ⇒ yiho·l, ʔahṭʰiy, yiho·l bahṭʰe. Noun. lima beans.

yiho·l bahṭʰe [yihó·l bahṭʰe] Lit: big bean ⇒ yiho·l, bahṭʰe. Variant: yiho·l ʔahṭʰiy. Noun. one lima bean.

yiho·l sʼamoṭ [yihó·l sʼamoʔ] Lit: green beans ⇒ yiho·l, sʼamoṭ. Noun. string beans, green beans.

yiho·l ʔahṭʰiy [yihó·l ʔahṭʰiy] Lit: many big beans ⇒ yiho·l, ʔahṭʰiy, yiho·l bahṭʰe. Noun. lima beans.

yiwa* [-] ⇒ yi*₇. Instr Verb Root. count.

ykuc* [-] Instr Verb Root. make smaller.

caykuc* [caykuʔ] ⇒ ca-, ykuc*. Verb. whittle down.

duykuc* [duykuʔ] ⇒ du-, ykuc*. Verb. make smaller with fingernail on basket roots.

piykuc* [píykuʔ] ⇒ pʰi-, ykuc*. Verb. chop (stake) down to size, make it smaller (shorter or smaller around). piykuci D: Imperative.

šuykuc* [šuykuʔ] ⇒ šu-, ykuc*. Verb. saw to size. šuykuwa·du D: Durative. šuykuta·du D: Durative.

yo [yo] Interjection. here, take this!

yo* [-] Cooccurrence: always reduplicated, see reduplicated forms. Instr Verb Root. many do quickly.

biyobiyo* [biyobiyow] ⇒ bi-, yo*. Reduplicating Verb. much movement in one or diff. directions, as in anthill or people or cars on crowded street. compare: biyolbiyol*; synonyms: hayehaye*.

doyodoyo* [doyodoyow] ⇒ du-, yo*. Reduplicating Verb. many do quickly, restricted to activities done with fingers. baṭʰe hca duyáʔtaba to kʰe ʔama dutʼaʔ doyodóyo·y many people helped me with my work and finished quickly. doyodoyocʰmeʔ do it fast, hurry! (getting food ready at festival).

pʰoyopʰoyo* [pʰoyopʰóyow] ⇒ pʰu-, yo*. Reduplicating Verb. light things to fly up in wind. pʰoyopʰóyota·du D: Durative. pʰoyopʰóyo·duʔ wind to scatter (feathers, paper) up in air. ʔihyá hyama·duce·dem dándelion tol ʔbakʰe pʰoyopʰóyow whenever the wind blows, (seeds) waft up and around from on the dandelion.

yohci* [yohci] ⇒ hyol*.

yohpʰo* [-] Cooccurrence: always occurs with -R-. Verb. tremble.

yohpʰoyohpʰo* [yohpʰoyopʰow] ⇒ yohpʰo*. Reduplicating Verb. tremble (from being angry, nervous, cold, or drunk). šiʔba yóhpʰoyohpʰow the body to tremble. ʔacaʔ qahsil í· šulamʔbina, yohpʰoyóhpʰow the man must have been sick with cold; he was trembling. synonyms: šiṭi*, sʼuṭusʼuṭu*.

yohwey [yohwey] Variant: yohwe·. \Interjection. 1 • let's go; all right; ready.

2 • come on.

=yoltow [yoltow] Adposition. from inside.

yomta [yomta] Noun. dreamer, prophet.

yoqo caṭʼaw [yoqo cáṭʼaw] ⇒ yoqo·, caṭʼa·*. Verb. 1 • cause innards to come out.

2 • castrate. yoqo cálaṭʼaw to castrate several.

yoqo hucʼ [yoqo hucʼ] ⇒ hucʼ*. Noun. baby song. yoqo hucʼ kʰe ʔe· mito

yoqo· [yoqo·] Noun. testicle(s). Usage: obscene compare: ʔihsa, kuhtu, ʔama beʔcʼa. Usages note: ʔama beʔcʼa used in public for yoqo·.

yoqo caṭʼaw [yoqo cáṭʼaw] ⇒ yoqo·, caṭʼa·*. Verb. 1 • cause innards to come out.

2 • castrate. yoqo cálaṭʼaw to castrate several.

yoqo· su·le [yoqo· sú·le] Lit: testicle net ⇒ yoqo·, su·le. Noun. scrotum.

yoqʼoc* [yoqʼoʔ] Variant: yoqʼoyi·tacʼ*; yoqʼoyi·tad*; yoʔqʼoc*; yoʔqʼoyi·tacʼ*. Verb. keep, retain, preserve. yoqʼoci keep it! ʔacaʔ yaʔ kʰe matʼiléʔya yoqʼoci·nʔ the man is keeping my things for me. yoqʼocí·du keep it; keep them. yoqʼoyi·cʼiwacʼmeʔ keep them (to several)! yoqʼoyicʼmeʔ keep several (to several)! yoqʼoyí·tacʼmeʔ keep several (to several)!

yoqʼoʔ cad [yoqʼoʔ cadu] ⇒ yoqʼoc*, cad*₃, . Verb. to keep looking, to stare at. yoqʼoʔ cadela I kept looking.

yoqʼoyi·tacʼ* [yoqʼoyí·taʔ] ⇒ yoqʼoc*.

yoqʼoyi·tad* [yoqʼoyí·tadu] ⇒ yoqʼoc*.

yoqʼoʔ cad [yoqʼoʔ cadu] ⇒ yoqʼoc*, cad*₃, . Verb. to keep looking, to stare at. yoqʼoʔ cadela I kept looking.

yot*₁ [-] Instr Verb Root. be overflowing.

šoyot* [šoyoʔ] ⇒ šu-, yot*₁. Verb. be overflowing. pa·nu wi ʔaṭʰa· šoyóʔ cʰiʔdima·duye· mu·kinʔ he brought home a handkerchief overflowing with gravel. šoyoti D: Imperative. šoyótʰqa D: Causative, Imperative. šoyótʰqawa·du D: Durative, Causative. šoyótʰmeʔ D: Plural Imperative.

yot*₂ [-] Instr Verb Root. cause a group to move together, pile up.

bayot* [bayoʔ] ⇒ ba-, yot*₂. Verb. cause to move together or form a group by speaking or other noise. bayota·duʔ to scatter, scare away (sheep, birds) by clapping or yelling (or of animals scattering food with mouth). bayótʰmaci get (children) to go into (classroom) orally! kalikákʰ ninetanʔqa· yaʔ tiʔkʰe naṭa yya bayótʰmaw the school teacher is keeping her children (pupils) busy (their attention) by talking to them. (Is this "keep in place" ?) yama·ni mul qʰaditíʔcʰi ṭʼi· cʼal bayótʰciy call those sheep and get them gathered all together.

biyot* [biyoʔ] ⇒ bi-, yot*₂. Verb. scatter out of arms. biyoti D: Imperative. biyotá·du D: Durative. ʔiša· li biyótʰqaba ʔa hadu· qa·mela because I could not hold all in my arms, I left part.

coyot*₁ [coyoʔ] ⇒ cu-, yot*₂. Variant: coyoht*. Verb. scatter; pile up. šiba· coyótʰciqa· miʔkʰe kaho·n you have piled your boxes elsewhere.

coyoʔ [coyoʔ] ⇒ coʔyo*, coyot*₁, coyot*₂. Adjective. 1 • (hem) to be uneven, set of dishes not match (all diff. shapes or colors). cóyoʔ uneven, messed up. coyotʼé· mu it's uneven. coyóʔ ʔi D: Imperative. cohso coyoʔ some places rough, some not. Example Variant: coyóʔ cohso. cohšo cóyoʔ uneven hand. ʔahca cóyoʔ house not made even.

2 • uneven.

dayot* [dayoʔ] ⇒ da-, yot*₂. Verb. sort through with hands.

diyot* [diyoʔ] ⇒ di-, yot*₂. Verb. 1 • spill so as to create a pile. diyotá·duʔ to spill and spread (not water). miṭaʔ ṭʼacʼba diyótʰciy the sand spilled and (piled up). miṭaʔ ʔahqʰa yow diyota·lay lots of sand fell down into the water.

2 • sag loosely in folds. diyótʰmaw baggy (of clothes) .

di·yotʰyoto [di·yótʰyoto] ⇒ diyot*. Ideophone Adjective. baggy. compare: di·tuštušu.

doyot*₁ [doyoʔ] ⇒ du-, yot*₂. Verb. scatter with the finger. doyotʼé· mu it is stuffed.

hayot* [hayoʔ] ⇒ ha-, yot*₂. Verb. pile up with feet; push into a pile with the feet. qʰama wí mul ṭʼi· haʔyoʔyopʰi cʼal hayótʰci with your foot scrape all that (gravel) and pile it together! hayotʰmaw D: Essive. qʰama wi mul ʔaṭʰa· hayotʰci with foot, pile up that gravel!

moyot* [moyoʔ] ⇒ mu-, yot*₂. Verb. gather in folds. mo·yótʰyoto of clothes hanging gathered in folds. Example Variant: moʔyo. moyotʰma D: Imperative. Example Variant: moyótʰma. táhtala· (moʔyo) móyotʰmaw e· ma you are wearing pants (so big that they are) gathered in folds.

pʰayot* [pʰayoʔ] ⇒ pʰa-, yot*₂. Verb. scatter with a long object. pʰayotá·duʔ to push (brushpile) away.

pʰayot [pʰayoʔ] ⇒ pʰayot*. Noun. stuff bag. mišukʰli pʰayóʔ bawilʔ stuff the bag! pʰayotʼé·mu D: Absolutive.

qaʔdi pʰayohtibiʔli [qaʔdi pʰáyohtibiʔli] Lit: pile up grass by poking with ⇒ pʰayot*. Noun. pitchfork. pʰayotʰciw baṭiw it’s lying piled (bunch of grass).

pʰiyot* [pʰiyoʔ] ⇒ pʰi-, yot*₂. Verb. rake up, together, in a pile. pʰiyotʰciw D: Semelfactive, Absolutive.

pʰoyot* [pʰoyoʔ] ⇒ pʰu-, yot*₂. Verb. scatter by blowing. pʰoyoti·biʔ wind to scatter (sand). crowd pʰoyotá·cʼiʔ (When bomb comes), crowd scatters.

yot*₃ [-] Instr Verb Root. fill in an area.

doyot*₂ [doyoʔ] ⇒ du-, yot*₃, du-, yot*₃. Verb. fill in an area. doyótʰqaw to fill up, cover an are. doyótʰqame mul ʔ to stuff or fill a place so it is crowded. doyoti D: Imperative. doyótʰmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. doyotá·duce·du D: Durative, Directional "away". doyotá·cʼicʰmeʔ D: Plural. doyótʰmeʔ (to a group) Fill (the house) with yourselves! kʰe matʼilé·ya doyotʼ e· mu ʔahca cóhtowam that house standing (there) is full of my possessions. (Gladys). ʔahca· matʼiléʔya doyóʔ ṭʰaʔbam the house (or room) is full of possessions. (In the house there are possessions covering everywhere.) ʔahcá yya doyotʼ é· matʼiléʔya wi the houses are filled with possessions. ʔacaʔ doyóhye· kʰe hcaw my house is overflowing with people.

doyoʔ [doyoʔ] ⇒ doyot*₂. Adjective. all filled up.

yoṭ* [-] Instr Verb Root. stir up. synonyms: woṭo, woṭ*, woṭ*.

coyoṭ* [coyoʔ] ⇒ cu-, yoṭ*. Verb. stir up by pouring water on; to scatter by pushing a wheelbarrow through a narrow space. coyóṭʰmaw to keep on pouring on something to stip up floating stuff. coyóṭʰmaduc- to scatter things by pushing (wheelbarrow) through narrow space and knock them around; to pour water in tub and stir up (grass) in there.

hiyoṭ* [hiyoʔ] ⇒ hi-, yoṭ*. Verb. stir up with the body. hiyóṭʰmadu·c- to crawl around in river and get body muddy (related to -hyol ?) hiyóṭʰmacʼicʰmeʔ D: Reflexive, Plural Imperative. hihohṭibiʔ inceptive, or Directional. qʰamʔli ṭʼi· hiyóṭʰciba ʔdo hcʰoyiʔ they say it got all bruised inside and died. waṭaʔ yacʼ iqa· mu ʔahqʰa hiyoṭi·bi·yam it must have been a frog that disturbed the water (what was on bottom floated up).

šoyoṭ* [šoyoʔ] ⇒ šu-, yoṭ*. Verb. stir with a cloth. šoyoṭʰmaw stirring (water) with cloth, not nec. roiling it.

=yow [yow] ⇒ =ʔyow. Adposition. below, in.

dono yow [dono yów] ⇒ dono, =yow. Place Name. 1 • Under the Mountain.

2 • foot of mountain.

yow [yow] Interjection. all right, okay.

yowco* [yowco] ⇒ yo·co*.

=yoʔ [yoʔ] Particle. continuing?

yoʔqʼoc* [yoʔqʼoc] ⇒ yoqʼoc*.

yoʔqʼoyi·tacʼ* [yoʔqʼoyi·tacʼ] ⇒ yoqʼoc*.

yoʔtʼa* [-] Cooccurrence: lenghtens preceding vowel. Instr Verb Root. do malicious action on. synonyms: ʔo·yoʔtʼa*, do·yoʔtʼa*.

do·yoʔtʼa* [do·yóʔtʼaw] ⇒ du-, yoʔtʼa*, du-, yoʔtʼa*. Verb. do bad to; bully, tease, pester; play a trick on; can be used to mean "rape". do·yóʔtʼahqaw to play trick on (more malicious than /dumuʔ/) and do damage (e.g. take woman away from, break into house). do·yóʔtʼatʰu miṭʼikil ʔ don’t tease your younger sibling! do·yóʔtʼatʰu miṭʼikil yacʰmal ʔ don’t tease your younger siblings. ʔacaʔ yaʔ ʔima·ta do·yoʔtʼado they say the man raped (did bad to) the woman. compare: dumuc*; synonyms: yoʔtʼa*, ʔo·yoʔtʼa*.

yo· cot* [yo·coʔ] ⇒ yo·co*. Verb. set a container with contained material down.

yo·co* [yó·cow] ⇒ ʔiyow, hco*₃. Variant: yowco*; yo· cot*. Verb. set a container with contained material down; most commonly to serve a plate or bowl of food.

yo·šdi* [yó·šdiw] Verb. mess up from being excited. yó·šdiw mess up from being excited, discombobulated. mu·kinʔ to· yuyuʔ ca· daʔtʼaba, to· yó·šdiw when I saw him sitting straight in front of me (as I was performing), I got disturbed, upset, shaken up. mu·kito yó·šdiw he got disturbed. yó·šdiy @ Visual: messed up. yó·šdiwiye· to @ I messed up from being excited. ma·cal yo·šdiw they messed up. yó·šdiba, qʰayami·biʔ got excited and started running. ma·caʔ yó·šdiba, qʰayami·biʔ they got excited and started running. mu· ṭa ma·caʔ yó·šdiba, qʰayami·biʔ he got excited and started running.

yo·šinaʔ [yo·šinaʔ] Adverb. around, back and forth?

yo·yow [yo·yow] ⇒ =ʔyow.

yo·yo·ci* [yo·yó·ciw] Verb. lose control of the emotions. yo·yó·ciw to act silly, to be crazy about someone (in love); to desire. yo·yó·ci D: Imperative. yo·yó·cimuʔ to lose control; to go steady; to fall in love; crazy about e.o. yo·yó·ciyiʔ crazy about himself (OK; never been used). yo·yó·cihqʰaw to cause to be crazy. yo·yo·ci get that way! yo·yo·citammemilʔ mu·kínʔ yo·yó·cihqaye· ma·dal he desires her. ʔima·ta có· yo·yó·cidom mu·kito wanting a woman, he was carried away, they say. maʔú ṭʼo koci·na ʔem maʔa qáhtayʔba, yo·yó·ciy this pig got a taste of food and can’t control himself. ʔaná· mito yo·yó·cimede· hiʔbayá cahnonʔmucʼin when you speak with a man, you really lose control of your emotions (get sexy). ʔaná· yo·yó·tʰu. duyemá·ci don’t lose control of yourself. Control yourself! má·kina cʼiškan miṭi·canʔba to tumhu· dan yo·yó·ciwiy wanting to buy the beautiful car lying there, I lost control and just had to get it. (but if have no money, I may not be able to get it).

yuhpʰil [yuhpʰil] Noun. edible clover species (unidentified). yuhpʰílhso alternative name for the clover. synonyms: ʔohso, šoʔloʔlo, boho·, cʼoma·, pʰaʔamʔso, sibu·ṭa, siṭʼaba·tiʔ, bohohso, sociʔdomʔ.

yuhqʰa [yuhqʰa] ⇒ . Place Name. Snowspring.

yuhsuwe* [yuhsuwew] Verb. make labialized hiss? sʷ······ a long labialized hiss at the end of songs and prayers and wishes to help make them happen. compare: puhsu*, suwe*.

yuhšiy [yuhšiy] Noun. 1 • acorn of black oak. yušíy ʔtʰine· mu it's not a black oak acorn. synonyms: biʔdu, wiyu, yuʔcʼi.

2 • any beetle (resemblance to acorn). yuhsiy é· mu it's a beetle. yuhšíy ʔtʰine· mu it's not a beetle. yuhší·li @ D: Locative.

yuhši· qʰale [yuhši· qʰale] ⇒ yuhšiy, qʰale₁. Noun. California black oak. Quercus Kelloggii (Beech Family).

yuhu [yuhu] Noun. pinole; ground up or crushed wheat; anything crushed. yuhuʔ that's pinole. yuhumin like pinole.

yuhu duʔdaʔ [yuhu duʔdaʔ] ⇒ yuhu. Noun. person with actual substance, not just magic.

yuhu meṭ [yuhu meʔ] ⇒ yuhu, meṭ. Noun. summer time. yuhu méṭʼe· mu it's summer time.

yuhu ša·mʔ [yuhu šámʔ] ⇒ yuhu, ša·mʔ. Noun. seed beater.

yuhu duʔdaʔ [yuhu duʔdaʔ] ⇒ yuhu. Noun. person with actual substance, not just magic.

yuhu meṭ [yuhu meʔ] ⇒ yuhu, meṭ. Noun. summer time. yuhu méṭʼe· mu it's summer time.

yuhu ša·mʔ [yuhu šámʔ] ⇒ yuhu, ša·mʔ. Noun. seed beater.

yukʰ [yukʰ] Interjection. please!

yukʼut* [-] Instr Verb Root. penetrate.

bayukʼut* [bayukʼúʔ] ⇒ ba-, yukʼut*. Verb. penetrate, with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing). mul éqa· mu ka·yu yaʔ bayukʼutam hni that must be why that rooster was dipping his head, beak and all (beak deeply) into something, wasn’t it ?

cayukʼut* [cayukʼuʔ] ⇒ ca-, yukʼut*, ca-, yukʼut*. Verb. sit down into something. hayukʼuʔ to throw pick (not spear).

mayukʼut* [mayukʼúʔ] ⇒ ma-₂, yukʼut*. Verb. put foot down deep into (mud), sink into.

muyukʼut* [muyukʼuʔ] ⇒ mu-, yukʼut*. 1 • Verb. have a fever, run a fever. mu mito muyukʼú·tam pisudú ʔe· mu when you have a fever, that is bad.

2 • Noun. fever. ʔoho muyukʼuʔ high fever.

pʰayukʼut* [pʰayukʼuʔ] ⇒ pʰa-, yukʼut*, pʰa-, yukʼut*. 1 • Verb. probe with pole into mud, bin of wheat, penetrate into. pʰayukʼú·tim probe! pʰakʼútʰmeʔ D: Plural Imperative.

2 • Noun. fire-tender, fire-poker, someone who tends the fire in the roundhouse with a long stick to stir the embers.

pʰayukʼut* [pʰayukʼuʔ] ⇒ pʰa-, yukʼut*, pʰa-, yukʼut*. 1 • Verb. probe with pole into mud, bin of wheat, penetrate into. pʰayukʼú·tim probe! pʰakʼútʰmeʔ D: Plural Imperative.

2 • Noun. fire-tender, fire-poker, someone who tends the fire in the roundhouse with a long stick to stir the embers.

pʰiyukʼut* [pʰiyukʼuʔ] ⇒ pʰi-, yukʼut*. Verb. penetrate with pick into ground.

yuyuc* [yuyuʔ] Verb. straighten, be even. yuyucʰqaw to straighten (it). yuyucʰmeʔ yuyuci·ducé·du yuyucí·tacʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. yuyu·ci straighten (intr.) yuyuci·ducé·du D: Durative, Directional "away". yuyucʰmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. tʼetí·bicʰpʰi yuyu·ci get up and straighten out (yourself)! yuyuʔ cohto·y he’s going straight. ʔama· yuyuʔ cicʼi·du yaʔ a person who does the right thing. yuyucʰqa make it even! yuyuʔcitícʰqa @ make them even! compare: yalac*.

yuyucʰqa·li [yuyucʰqá·li] Lit: make straight with ⇒ yuyuc*. Noun. gun sight.

yuʔyuʔ [yuʔyuʔ] ⇒ yuyuc*. Variant: yuyuʔ. Adjective. straight, right, perfect. yuʔyucʼé· mu D: it's straight. huʔú· yuyuʔ eye level. ʔahá· yuyuʔ straight stick. hiʔda yúyuʔ straight road. compare: yala.

yuyucʰqa·li [yuyucʰqá·li] Lit: make straight with ⇒ yuyuc*. Noun. gun sight.

yuyuʔ [yuyuʔ] ⇒ yuʔyuʔ.

yuʔcʼi [yuʔcʼi] Noun. acorn of live oak. synonyms: biʔdu, wiyu, yuhšiy.

yuʔcʼi qʰale [yuʔcʼi qʰale] Lit: yuʔcʼi qʰále ⇒ yuʔcʼi. Noun. coast live oak. Quercus agrifolia (Beech Family). compare: šaʔcʼamʔ.

yuʔdul [yuʔdul] Lit: He sent a letter to himself. Adverb. by oneself, without help, alone. ʔa yúʔdul cicʼidu I did it myself (without assistance). ʔa yúʔdul ma·ducʼe·ʔa I came by myself (with no assistance). yuʔdúl ʔa ma·ducʼ (sug. and accepted) no help. kʼaye·ma ʔá ma·ducʼ I came alone. ʔa· máʔyul ma·ducʼ only I came. yuʔdúl mice·du say it yourself! yuʔdúl micéʔtʰuʔ don’t say it yourself! micé·duyi·cʼi say it to yourself! ʔa yúʔdul mensʼiw I did it myself. ʔa yúʔdul cadela· (ʔa) ʔacaʔ I saw the man myself. huʔú· qahqo cadela· ʔa mul ʔacaʔ I saw that man in person. nohpʰonóhpʰo bahṭʰe yuʔdul cadela I saw the president myself. ti yúʔdul he himself, by himself. ma yuʔdul you yourself. ʔa· yúʔdul I myself. tiyáʔ yuʔdul they themselves. to· yúʔdul me myself. to· yúʔdul bana·yícʼmela I blame it on me myself. yuʔdúl cicʼi·du he did it himself. Example Variant: ti yúʔdul cicʼi·du.. ti yúʔdul tiʔkʰe kalikakʰ dubilá·duyiʔ he by himself sent himself a letter for himself. synonyms: maʔyul, kʼaye·ma.

yuʔdul qʰayamʔ [yuʔdúl qʰayamʔ] Lit: runs itself ⇒ qʰaya·m*. Noun. automobile.

yuʔdul qʰayamʔ ʔoho [yúʔdul qʰayamʔ ʔoho] ⇒ yuʔdul qʰayamʔ, ʔoho. Noun. automobile lights. Usage: old-fashioned synonyms: ma·kina ʔoho.

yu·* [yu·] Cooccurrence: only in qʰayu·. Noun. ?

qʰayu· [qʰayu·] ⇒ ʔahqʰa, yu·*. Noun. cormorant, shag.

yu·kaš [yú·kaš] Noun. 1 • clown (in Indian ceremony).

2 • clown dance.

yu·ʔ* [-] Cooccurrence: only occurs with -ci-:. Instr Verb Root. select out one of a group, intending to do something to it.

bayuʔci* [bayuʔciw] ⇒ ba-, yu·ʔ*. Verb. call someone out of a group. bayuʔciwa·du call several. bayuʔcita·du D: Durative. mu·kitó bayuʔcimela I picked him out by calling (his name).

mayuʔci* [mayuʔciw] ⇒ ma-₂, yu·ʔ*. Verb. be after something to catch it (animal, money, good time). ʔa· bihše máyuʔciw el daʔtʼaméla I found the deer I was wishing to kill (had seen it earlier before the hunting season). qʰaʔdús yaʔ kʰe kayi·na máyuʔciba ṭʼi cʰiʔdi·y the raccoon has been after my chickens and finally carried them all off.

muyuʔci* [muyuʔciw] ⇒ mu-, yu·ʔ*. Verb. select out of a group with heat. ṭʰoʔ muyuʔciwiye· to I sat beside something rotten and got the smell too.

pʰiyuʔci* [pʰiyuʔciw] ⇒ pʰi-, yu·ʔ*. Verb. select out of a group with the fist. mul pʰiyuʔcimela I hit the certain one. pʰiyuʔci D: Semelfactive, Imperative.

pʰuyuʔci* [pʰuyuʔciw] ⇒ pʰu-, yu·ʔ*, pʰu-. Instr Verb Stem. burn a certain thing or blow on a certain thing.

=yya [yya] PL.