T - t

-t₁   [t]   Cooccurrence: may be suffixed to the name of a body part to form a verb meaning to do something with the specified part; meaning is often further affected by additional verbal suffixes and frequently specialized; occasionally occurs with other nouns and with adjectives; triggers the Decrement. Verb. 1 • Verbalizer: derives verbs from nouns.

2 • Verbalizer: derives verbs from adjectives.

-t₂   [t]   Cooccurrence: with Decrement. Verb. Plural Act: the object undergoing the action is plural, or the act is performed on the same object more than once.

cusatʰmucʼ*   [cusátʰmuʔ]  ⇒ cuhsamucʼ*, -t₂.

haʔluhalut*   [haʔluháluʔ]  ⇒ haʔlu*, -t₂.

pihlipilita·d*   [pihlipílita·du]  ⇒ pihlipihli*, -t₂, -ad₁.

šuʔkʼišukʼit*   [šuʔkʼišúkʼiʔ]  ⇒ šuʔkʼišuʔkʼi*, -t₂.

ʔcʰat*   [-]  ⇒ ʔcʰa*₂, -t₂.

-t-   [t]   Verb. PL.

ta₁   [ta]   Baby Speech. toy. cadu ta look at the toy. compare: nopʰotʰqaw.

ta₂   [táˆ]   Baby Speech. look! see! compare: cad*₃.

-ta-   [ta]   Verb. PL.

qata·macʼ*   [qatá·maʔ]  ⇒ qa·macʼ, -ta-.

-ta   [ta]   Verb. PL.

šusʼita*   [šusʼitáw]  ⇒ šusʼi*, -ta.

tahš*  ⇒ taš*₁.

tahtaq*   [táhtaʔ]  ⇒ htaq*.

tale·ka   [talé·ka]   Noun. tobacco pouch. Usage: obsolete

tampo·r   [tampó·r]   Noun. drum.

tape·sa   [tapé·sa]   Noun. shelf.

tapo·n   [tapó·n]   Noun. stopper, plug, cork (of a bottle), bung (of a keg).

tapʰla   [tápʰla]   Noun. board, plank, lumber, building material. compare: pʰaṭʼo·*, musu·.

tapʰla baṭiw   [tápʰla baṭiw]  ⇒ tapʰla, baṭi*. Noun. floor (high word).

tapʰla baṭiw   [tápʰla baṭiw]  ⇒ tapʰla, baṭi*. Noun. floor (high word).

tapʰla·ku   [tapʰlá·ku]   Noun. diaper, breechcloth, g-string.

taq*   [taʔ]  ⇒ htaq*.

taqʰma   [taqʰma]   Noun. dress (of a woman). taqʰma bihko short dress. taqʰma bísʼicʰmulʔ to hem a dress. compare: na·waš.

taqʰma hišamʔ   [taqʰma híšamʔ]  ⇒ taqʰma, hišamʔ. Noun. taffeta dress.

taqʰma hišamʔ   [taqʰma híšamʔ]  ⇒ taqʰma, hišamʔ. Noun. taffeta dress.

tarampa   [tarámpa]   Noun. trap; steel trap. cawíkʰ tarampa metal or steel trap.

taš*₁   [-]   Variant: tahš*. Instr Verb Root. squash something soft and mushy.

bataš*   [batáš]  ⇒ ba-, taš*₁. Verb. squash something soft and mushy, with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing).

batašciw   [batášciw]  ⇒ bataš*. Noun. bird bill.

cutaš*   [cutáš]  ⇒ cu-, taš*₁. Verb. squash, smash something soft and mushy by bumping. cutášciw to smash by bumping something soft. cutášcime·du D: Durative, Semelfactive.

di·taštaša   [di·taštaša]  ⇒ di-, taš*₁. Ideophone Adjective. very fat, obese (more than /ʔihpʰuy/). compare: di·kaškaša.

hataš*   [hataš]  ⇒ ha-, taš*₁. Verb. squash with the heel. ʔicʰa· qawi hatášciye· ma you squashed a little spider by kicking back or with heel.

mataš*   [mataš]  ⇒ ma-₂, taš*₁. Verb. flatten, squash something by stepping on. matášciw to flatten, squash by stepping on. matášci D: Semelfactive, Imperative. matášcimeʔ D: Plural Imperative, Semelfactive. matášcime·du D: Durative, Semelfactive. matáhšadu·ci D: Plural Object, Plural, Semelfactive, Imperative. mul sʼamo· qʰaya·mál matáhšadu·ci step on those flies running around!

mutaš*   [mutaš]  ⇒ mu-, taš*₁. Verb. squash by running over; squash something soft and mushy by running over it. mutašci D: Semelfactive, Imperative. mutahšaduci D: Plural Object, Plural, Semelfactive, Imperative. mutáhši D: Plural Object, Imperative. mutasá·tadu D: Durative (Plural). mutaša·duʔ flatten out. mutá·šciw to run over bird, cardboard box. compare: muṭʰatʰci*, muṭʼaṭʰci*.

pataš*   [pataš]  ⇒ pʰa-, taš*₁. Verb. squash something soft and mushy, with the end of a long object. patášciw to flatten (fly or piece of wood).

pitaš*   [pitaš]  ⇒ pʰi-, taš*₁. Verb. squash something soft and mushy with the side of a long object. pitášciw to flatten with fly swatter. pitaša·duʔ flatten with a fly swatter (to really do it).

putaš*   [putaš]  ⇒ pʰu-, taš*₁. Verb. squash something soft and mushy by blowing. qalamʔ ʔanáwʔsʼicʼin ʔihya wi putášciqʰ the figs got so ripe they were blown off smashed on the ground.

sitaš*   [sitaš]  ⇒ si-, taš*₁. Verb. get soft and mushy from water. hawó·n ʔaná· cila ʔahqʰa yo· cumabina sitášciqʰ the soap sat so long in the water it got soft.

taš*₂   [-]   Instr Verb Root. gather together and up.

dataš*   [dataš]  ⇒ da-, taš*₂. Verb. gather together and up, with the hand (palm). datašaʔ to pick up something wet and soft, to gather by scraping in with hand. dataši (to person) Scrape together and up by hand! datašá·du(wa·du) D: Durative.

šutaš*   [šutaš]  ⇒ šu-, taš*₂. Verb. gather together and up, by pulling with a flexible object, like a cloth. šutaši gather up jelly by gathering up edges of cloth in which it has been strained.

taṭ*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. twist.

bataṭ*   [bataʔ]  ⇒ ba-, taṭ*. Verb. twist, with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing). cahno bataṭʰciw to twist, bend word into new form.

cutaṭ*   [cutaʔ]  ⇒ cu-, taṭ*. Verb. twist with a round object. cutaṭʰci- pushing wheelbarrow crookedly (on purpose or not).

ditaṭ*   [ditaʔ]  ⇒ di-, taṭ*. Verb. fall and twist. cʼe·lícʼba ditaṭʰciwíye· to I fell and twisted.

dutaṭ*   [dutaʔ]  ⇒ du-, taṭ*. Verb. have crooked fingers; hold fingers crooked; twist (something) with fingers. dutaṭʰciw to hold hand with one crooked finger. dutaṭʰmaw hold hand with several crooked fingers. ma·kina pili·li šibal hqʰaʔ dutaṭʰcimela I turned the steering wheel the other way (to miss hitting something).

hataṭ*   [hataʔ]  ⇒ ha-, taṭ*. Verb. twist, with a swinging motion. hataʔsiʔbaw to cut (cloth) on the bias.

hataṭa·qa*   [hataṭa·qaw]  ⇒ hataṭ*, -aq₁. Verb. go like drunk weaving.

qʰama hataṭ   [qʰama hataʔ]  ⇒ qʰama₁, hataṭ*. Adjective. slew-footed.

mutaṭ*   [mutaʔ]  ⇒ mu-, taṭ*. Verb. zigzag, go in a zigzag, twist. car mo·bicʼba mutaṭʰciy the car started out with a zigzag. mutaṭa·duʔ went off zigzagging.

pitaṭ*   [pitaʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, taṭ*. Verb. twist finger or cross eyes. pitaṭʰma (to finger) Be crooked!; (to person) Cross your eyes! pitáhṭimmeʔ D: Essive, Plural Imperative.

pitaṭaq   [pitaṭaʔ]  ⇒ pitaṭ*. Noun. split timber, crooked.

pitaṭa·qa   [pitaṭa·qa]  ⇒ pitaṭaq. Noun. long pointed shoe that has become crooked.

pitaṭʰmaw   [pitaṭʰmaw]  ⇒ pitaṭ*. Adjective. twisted, crooked. sapá·tu miʔkʰe pitaṭʰmaw your shoes are crooked. cohsóʔbamʔ pitaṭʰmaw crooked finger (arthritis).

pi·ta·ṭa   [pi·tá·ṭa]  ⇒ pitaṭ*. Adjective. having crossed eyes. synonyms: ca·ne₁.

putaṭ*   [putaʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, taṭ*. Verb. blow off course, awry. pʰudútʰciba šiba· putáṭʰcimela I blew and it went awry (went other than the direction intended).

šutaṭ*   [šutaʔ]  ⇒ šu-, taṭ*. Verb. twist by pulling and pushing. šutaṭʰci- meaning to be straight but it moves crooked.

tayʔta*  ⇒ htay*₁.

ta·li   [tá·li]   Noun. pulley.

ta·palo   [tá·palo]   Noun. shawl.

ta·palo*   [tá·palow]   Verb. cover a bet (in gambling). tá·palo cover it (the bet) (to one person)! tá·palomeʔ cover it (to several people)! tá·palotʰuʔ don’t cover it! ʔa· mul hiqʰaʔ tá·palo ʔiy I will cover half of that. tá·palo ʔime·du he keeps covering bets.

ta·š   [tá·šˆ]   Variant: ta·š ʔi. Baby Speech. walk! come on (go with me)!; go! come! tá·š ʔi ʔo·ʔ ʔoʔ ʔiyʔ come on! I'll put you to sleep.

ta·š ʔi   [ta·š ʔi]  ⇒ ta·š.

ta·ta   [ta·ta]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. Grandpa!

ta·ta*   [-]  ⇒ ca*₁. Kinship Noun. my mother's father.

ta·ta   [ta·ta]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. Grandpa!

ta·tanʔ   [ta·tánʔ]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. my or our mother’s father, informal term. miʔkʰe tá·tanʔ your grandfather (on mother's side).

ta·tanʔkʰe   [ta·tanʔkʰe]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. for my mother's father.

ta·tato   [ta·tato]  ⇒ ta·ta*. (of, to) my mother's father.

ta·tatoʔna   [ta·tatoʔna]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. 1 • where my mother's father is.

2 • at my mother's father's place.

ta·tanʔ   [ta·tánʔ]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. my or our mother’s father, informal term. miʔkʰe tá·tanʔ your grandfather (on mother's side).

ta·tanʔkʰe   [ta·tanʔkʰe]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. for my mother's father.

ta·tato   [ta·tato]  ⇒ ta·ta*. (of, to) my mother's father.

ta·tatoʔna   [ta·tatoʔna]  ⇒ ta·ta*. Kinship Noun. 1 • where my mother's father is.

2 • at my mother's father's place.

ta·ti   [tá·ti]   Variant: ta·ti ʔi. Baby Speech. sit down! compare: cahci*₁.

ta·ti ʔi   [ta·ti ʔi]  ⇒ ta·ti.

ta·wi   [ta·wi]   Variant: ṭa·wi. Noun. custom, way.

pʰalaʔcayʔ ta·wi   [pʰalaʔcayʔ ta·wi]  ⇒ pʰalaʔcayʔ, ta·wi. Noun. Western way, non-Indian way, "white man's" way.

-te   [te]  Variant: -teʔ. Verb. Performative Intentive: the speaker plans to do that action himself, alone or in association with others.

tel*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. straighten.

dutel*   [dutelʔ]  ⇒ du-, tel*. Verb. straighten something out (a cloth). dutelí mul ʔ straighten it out! dutelá·qa mul ʔ straighten those out! Example Variant: dutélta mul ʔ. dutelʔtʰin é· mu it's not straight. synonyms: duhkel*; compare: dute·l*.

mutel*   [mutelʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tel*. Verb. straighten with heat. mutʼámʔli nepʰila mutʼelʔkʰeʔ leave (candle) in the sun to straighten out!

teneto·r   [tenetó·r]   Noun. tablefork. tenetó·re· mu it's a fork. synonyms: ṭʰiwi.

tenhcicʼ*   [ténhciʔ]  ⇒ htenh*₃. Variant: tenhciwa·tacʼ*. Verb. take a rest. pʰala ténhcicʼi take a rest again! ténhciwa·tacʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative, Semelfactive. pʰala ténhcicʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative #again. ténhcicʼi take a rest! ténhcicʼmeʔ (to several) take a rest!

tenhciwa·tacʼ*   [tenhciwa·tacʼ]  ⇒ tenhcicʼ*.

tentamace·yac  ⇒ tente·ru.

tente·ru   [tenté·ru]   Variant: tentamace·yac; tente·ru yacʰma. Noun. storekeeper, store clerk.

tente·ru yacʰma   [tepʰ]  ⇒ tente·ru.

tepʰ   Noun. white stick used in grass game. tépʰ ʔinsʼe· mu it seems to be a white grass game stick. tépʰ ʔe· mu it's a white grass game stick. Example Variant: tépʰe· mu | téppʰe· mu. tépʰ tʰin it's not a white grass game stick. compare: hqacuhse.

teqayʔ   [teqayʔ]   Interjection. let me see; guess word ?

teyatʰteyatʰ   [teyatʰteyatʰ]   Noun. game of drawing puzzle in dirt.

teʔ   [teʔ]   Variant: deʔ. Interjection. give me! téʔ mulʔ give me it. compare: dihqa*₁.

te·l*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. numb from cold.

dute·l*   [dutelʔ]  ⇒ du-, te·l*. Verb. numb from cold. dute·li (to cold) get numb! dutelqácʼmeʔ (to several) Get numb! dutelyé· to I got numb. cohšo dute·licʰwiye· to my hands have gone numb (with cold). compare: dutel*.

te·m*₁   [-]   Instr Verb Root. scatter, spread out. compare: hte*.

hate·m*   [hatemʔ]  ⇒ ha-, te·m*₁. Verb. scatter (something) with legs, by kicking. koci·na (hayu) yaʔ tiʔkʰe cáhti miṭícʼkʰe wi qaʔdi háte·m a pig (dog) in order to lie in his bed scatters with legs the hay. Example Variant: ... hatemmaduʔ.

te·m*₂   [-]   Instr Verb Root. pat.

pate·m*   [patemʔ]  ⇒ pʰa-, te·m*₂. Verb. pat. pate·ma D: Imperative. patema·duwá·du D: Plural Object, Durative. kunu páte·maʔ to pat oneself on chest (several times). lile páte·maʔ to pat oneself on forehead (several times). pahtéhteyi·cʼi D: Reflexive. hoʔtʼo páhtehteyiʔ to tie (band, turban) around own head.

te·m*₃   [-]   Instr Verb Root. particles settle out.

pute·m*   [putemʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, te·m*₃. Verb. particles settle out, by blowing. hosá putemʔ to be (get) smoky. sʼaʔsʼa putemʔ to get dirty, not nec. be blown on, but from settled dirt or dust settling from air. ʔahca ʔino pútemʔ cohtoy the house is standing dusty.

te·m*₄   [-]   Instr Verb Root. droop of eyes.

pite·m*   [pitemʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, te·m*₄. Verb. droop of eyes. pite·maʔ to blink eyes. pitema·cʼi blink eyes. pitemciʔ eyes to droop closed once. pite·mácʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. pitemá·tacʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. sima pʰiʔtʼaqa·cʼin huʔu· pitemá·cʼ feeling/being sleepy, his eyes drooped closed several times. compare: pʰisʼam*.

huʔu· pitemʔ   [huʔú· pitemʔ]  ⇒ huʔuy, pite·m*. Noun. eyelashes.

pite·macʼ   [pite·maʔ]  ⇒ pite·m*. Adjective. sleep-eyed.

te·nta   [té·nta]   Noun. store, shop (general term).

te·tʰe   [té·tʰe]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. Mom! (informal).

te·tʰe*   [-]  ⇒ hṭʰe*₃. Kinship Noun. my or our mother (informal).

te·tʰe   [té·tʰe]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. Mom! (informal).

te·tʰenʔ   [te·tʰenʔ]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. my or our mother (informal).

te·tʰenʔkʰe   [te·tʰenʔkʰe]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. for my mother.

te·tʰeto   [te·tʰeto]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. (of, to) my mother.

te·tʰetoʔna   [te·tʰetoʔna]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. 1 • where my mother is.

2 • at my mother's place.

te·tʰenʔ   [te·tʰenʔ]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. my or our mother (informal).

te·tʰenʔkʰe   [te·tʰenʔkʰe]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. for my mother.

te·tʰeto   [te·tʰeto]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. (of, to) my mother.

te·tʰetoʔna   [te·tʰetoʔna]  ⇒ te·tʰe*. Kinship Noun. 1 • where my mother is.

2 • at my mother's place.

-ti   [ti]  Variant: -ti·. Verb. 1 • General Intentive: usually a complement to the main verb, referring to purpose "in order to".

2 • as the main verb it refers to intention or near future "intend to", "be going to", "be about to".

tibi·t*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. ?? compare: hkilh*, kili*, kipʰ, hkibit*, kilililili, kilil, ṭipʰ.

tihc*   [tihhamʔ]  ⇒ htic*.

tihhamʔ   Variant: tihumʔ. Animate Mimetic. grunt, mumble of bear. ti·hamʔ grunt of bear in story. tihhamʔ mumble of bear while eating.

tihtimʔ   [tihtimʔ]  ⇒ . Noun. (stair) steps.

tihumʔ   [tihumʔ]  ⇒ tihhamʔ.

tihye   [tihyew]   Verb. FREQ = feel weak.

tihyetihye*   [tihyetihyew]  ⇒ tihye. Verb. feel weak.

tihyetihye*   [tihyetihyew]  ⇒ tihye. Verb. feel weak.

til   [til]   Inanimate Mimetic. ?? compare: kol, kil.

tilhla*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. cross, lap over.

batilhla*   [batilhlaw]  ⇒ ba-, tilhla*. Verb. twist words; cross, lap over with the mouth. cahno míʔkʰe batílhlamuʔye· ma you twist your words around (i.e., with wrong word order). synonyms: bati·t*.

bitilhla*   [bitilhlaw]  ⇒ bi-, tilhla*. Verb. cross arms. bitílhlamuʔ to cross arms (on chest).

citilhla*   [citílhlaw]  ⇒ cʰi-, tilhla*. Verb. (string) to tangle; cross, lap over with a handle. sulemaʔ citílhlamuyʔ the string is tangled. ʔi·lo citílhlaye ʔkʰe my thread is tangled.

cutilhla*   [cutilhlaw]  ⇒ cu-, tilhla*. Verb. limbs to grow crossed over.

ditilhla*   [ditilhlaw]  ⇒ di-, tilhla*. Verb. fall crossed over by gravity. synonyms: pitilhla*.

hatilhla*   [hatilhlaw]  ⇒ ha-, tilhla*. Verb. cross legs; long objects overlap. hatilhlamuʔ legs crossed. sulemaʔ ya ʔem hatílhlaqʰ the strings are crossed, lapped, overlapped or twisted.

matilhla*   [matílhlaw]  ⇒ ma-₂, tilhla*. Verb. twist; cross over with the small end of a long object, e.g., fingers. matílhlawa·tacʼ D: Plural. matílhlatacʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. cohšo ʔbamʔ matílhlawiye· to· ma you twisted my fingers with your hand around them. matílhla twist!

mitilhla*   [mitílhlaw]  ⇒ mi-₂, tilhla*. Verb. cross feet or legs. šahku mitílhlamuʔ legs crossed. mitilhciw (to sit) with crossed legs. mitílhlamuʔ feet crossed.

pitilhla*   [pitilhlaw]  ⇒ pʰi-, tilhla*. Verb. cross over with the side of a long object. qʰale ʔíša· pitílhlamucʼqʰ the tree limbs are crossing e.o., twisting around e.o. (they grow that way, not made that way). Example Variant: ditílhlamucʼqʰ. ~ cutílhlamucʼqʰ. synonyms: ditilhla*.

šutilhla*   [šutilhlaw]  ⇒ šu-, tilhla*. Verb. someone bend limbs to be crossed over.

tili*   [- tiliw]   Cooccurrence: occurs with R usually with R. Verb. spin of a wheel, roll down a hoop, barrel. compare: koto*.

tilitili*   [tilitiliw]  ⇒ tili*. Reduplicating Verb. spin of wheel, spin (in a dance), roll. tilitilihtadu tumbling. pʰiʔkʼo tílitilinʔqaw to roll a ball. musu· tílitilinʔqaw to roll a log. tilitili·du one to roll. tilitilihtadu several to roll. tilitíliw to be spinning (wheel or person in place). tilitili spin! tilitílimmeʔ spin (to several)! tilitilihtala·meʔ roll down. tilitili·la spin down. tilitílilahqa pili·liʔ roll the wheel down. tilitilihqa pili·liʔ spin the wheel. tilitílimʔ many spinning. tilitílima·du many keep spinning. tilitili·law roll down of hoop. compare: ʔbalhmulicʼ*, kotokoto*.

tilitili*   [tilitiliw]  ⇒ tili*. Reduplicating Verb. spin of wheel, spin (in a dance), roll. tilitilihtadu tumbling. pʰiʔkʼo tílitilinʔqaw to roll a ball. musu· tílitilinʔqaw to roll a log. tilitili·du one to roll. tilitilihtadu several to roll. tilitíliw to be spinning (wheel or person in place). tilitili spin! tilitílimmeʔ spin (to several)! tilitilihtala·meʔ roll down. tilitili·la spin down. tilitílilahqa pili·liʔ roll the wheel down. tilitilihqa pili·liʔ spin the wheel. tilitílimʔ many spinning. tilitílima·du many keep spinning. tilitili·law roll down of hoop. compare: ʔbalhmulicʼ*, kotokoto*.

timo·n   [timó·n]   Noun. 1 • rudder.

2 • tongue (of wagon).

tin   [tin]   Inanimate Mimetic. ping; sound of hitting tin or a pot. tin tin dangling tin (perhaps keep) hitting together.

tiri·pa   [tirí·pa]   Variant: tri·pa. Noun. small intestines, tripe. synonyms: ʔahpʰa šukʰiw.

tito   [tito]  ⇒ ti·. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Accusative: him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Possessive, Inalienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

titoʔna   [titóʔna]  ⇒ ti·. Pronoun. Logophoric Locative: where he himself is.

tiya·c   [tiyaʔ]  ⇒ ti·, =yac. Pronoun. Logophoric Agentive Nominative: he, she, it, they (coreferential with the higher subject).

tiya·col   [tiyá·col]  ⇒ ti·, =yacol. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Agentive Accusative: him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Agentive Possessive, Inalienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

tiya·coʔkʰe   [tiyá·coʔkʰe]  ⇒ ti·, =yacoʔkʰe. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Agentive Benefactive: for him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Agentive Possessive, Alienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, not referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

tiya·coʔna   [tiyá·coʔna]  ⇒ ti·, =yacoʔna. Pronoun. Logophoric Agentive Locative: where he, she, they are (coreferential with the higher subject).

tiʔkʰe   [tíʔkʰe]  ⇒ ti·, =ʔkʰe. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Benefactive: for him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Possessive, Alienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, not referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

ti·   [ti·´]  Variant: ti. Pronoun. Logophoric Nominative: he, she, it, they (coreferential with a higher subject).

tito   [tito]  ⇒ ti·. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Accusative: him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Possessive, Inalienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

titoʔna   [titóʔna]  ⇒ ti·. Pronoun. Logophoric Locative: where he himself is.

tiya·c   [tiyaʔ]  ⇒ ti·, =yac. Pronoun. Logophoric Agentive Nominative: he, she, it, they (coreferential with the higher subject).

tiya·col   [tiyá·col]  ⇒ ti·, =yacol. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Agentive Accusative: him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Agentive Possessive, Inalienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

tiya·coʔkʰe   [tiyá·coʔkʰe]  ⇒ ti·, =yacoʔkʰe. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Agentive Benefactive: for him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Agentive Possessive, Alienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, not referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

tiya·coʔna   [tiyá·coʔna]  ⇒ ti·, =yacoʔna. Pronoun. Logophoric Agentive Locative: where he, she, they are (coreferential with the higher subject).

tiʔkʰe   [tíʔkʰe]  ⇒ ti·, =ʔkʰe. Pronoun. 1 • Logophoric Benefactive: for him, her, it, them (coreferential with the higher subject).

2 • Logophoric Possessive, Alienable: his, her, its, their (coreferential with the higher subject, not referring to a body part or other inalienable possession).

ti·na   [tí·na]   Noun. tub, wash tub.

ti·t*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. roll, wrap, wind.

bati·t*   [batiʔ]  ⇒ ba-, ti·t*. Verb. roll, wrap, wind, with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing). cahno batitʰmá· cahno·nʔ you’re talking twisting the words; wrong word order, wrong choice of words. Example Variant: batilhlaw | pʰalá· wilhqʰaʔ cahno·nʔ. synonyms: batilhla*.

biti·t*   [bitiʔ]  ⇒ bi-, ti·t*. Verb. twist arms.

cuti·t*   [cutiʔ]  ⇒ cu-, ti·t*. Verb. roll, wrap, wind, up (into a round shape). cuti·ti wind string on spool, etc. cutiti·ci D: Semelfactive, Imperative. cuti·tiʔ coil (of snake).

ʔahqʰa cutitʰmaw   [ʔahqʰa cútitʰmaw]  ⇒ ʔahqʰa, cuti·t*. Noun. whirlpool. synonyms: ʔahqʰa culi·t.

dati·t*   [datiʔ]  ⇒ da-, ti·t*. Verb. roll (with rolling pin). compare: qati·t*.

datiʔli   [dátiʔli]  ⇒ dati·t*, =wi. Noun. rolling pin.

duti·t*   [dutiʔ]  ⇒ du-, ti·t*. Verb. roll, wrap, wind, with fingers. ka·wa dutiʔ to roll tobacco with fingers; cigarette. duti·ti roll (a cigarette)! ka·wa míʔkʰe duti·ti roll your cigarette!

ka·wa duṭic   [ka·wa dúṭiʔ]  Lit: to roll or twist together tobacco ⇒ ka·wa, duti·t*. Noun. cigarette.

hati·t*   [hatiʔ]  ⇒ ha-, ti·t*. Verb. wrap around several times. hati·ti roll it up! hatitʰmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. hatihtʰuʔ D: Negative. hatita·du D: Durative. hati·tiʔ to wrap around once or twice or tangle. cohšotol hatí·ticʼba when (they) wrapped around their hands (5-6.7). hatiti·ci D: Semelfactive, Imperative. hati·tícʰmeʔ D: Semelfactive, Plural Imperative. hati·tí·tʰuʔ D: Semelfactive, Negative. hatiti·cedú·cedu D: Semelfactive, Habitual.

hiti·t*   [hitiʔ]  ⇒ hi-, ti·t*. Verb. twist body.

mati·t*   [matiʔ]  ⇒ ma-₂, ti·t*. Verb. roll, wrap, wind, with the sole of the foot, claws, the butt of the hand. matitʰmulí·cʼi twist flesh, cloth, knob with hand.

muti·t*   [mutiʔ]  ⇒ mu-, ti·t*. Verb. roll, wrap, wind, with a quick movement, heat, light, mind or emotions. mutitʰqaw to wind (thread) on machine or by hand. muti·ti spin of string. Example Variant: mutiti. mutita·duwá·du walk zigzag, winding. mutita·dú spinning. compare: qosʼic*, muhti*.

pati·t*   [patiʔ]  ⇒ pʰa-, ti·t*. Verb. walk crookedly, in a twisting manner. ʔacaʔ siku·ṭiʔ patíʔ patita·da·mʔ drunkard is walking crooked, twisting.

puti·t*   [putiʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, ti·t*. Verb. roll, wrap, wind, twist together. sulemáʔ putitʰqaw to twist strings together.

qati·t*   [qatiʔ]  ⇒ qa-, ti·t*. Verb. roll (dough with rolling pin). cuhni· qʼahšo qatitʰqa roll the dough (with rolling pin)! compare: dati·t*.

šuti·t*   [šutiʔ]  ⇒ šu-, ti·t*. Verb. twist hair, cloth.

-to   [to]  Variant: --l; --el. Cooccurrence: /to/ occurs with a first-person possessive; /el/ occurs with other persons. Kinship Noun. Objective in kinship system.

to   [to]  ⇒ to·.

=tol   [tol]   1 • Adverb. on. huʔú· tol on the eye, in front of the eye. compare: wina·, winaluw tow, ho·tow.

2 • Adposition. about.

=tolhqʰac   [tolhqʰaʔ]  ⇒ -to, -l, =hqʰac. Adverb. towards. to· tolhqʰaʔ wa·du come towards me! lamé·sa tolhqʰaʔ toward the table. to· tólhqʰaʔ toward me. hóhwa tolhqʰaʔ wa·du come towards the door.

duweʔli tolhqʰac   [duweʔli tolhqʰaʔ]  ⇒ duweʔli, =tolhqʰac. Noun. afternoon.

tolo*   [-]   Cooccurrence: occurs with R. Verb. have a clear, true voice.

tolotolo*   [tolotólow]  ⇒ tolo*. Reduplicating Verb. sing with tremolo; make tremolo sound (of a tin can); sound quavering or tremolo; while keeping rhythm while singing; have a clear, true voice. tolotólohqaw o sing with tremolo; this is called singing pretty; to make bubbling sound singing. tolotólomʔ D: Plural. haduhca mensʼitʰíʔba qʼoʔo cáhno ša· ʔin e· muṭʼo tolotolowam no one can do it but a skilled singer with a clear voice. Example Variant: /-mam/ pl.. compare: kʰowokʰowo*, kiṭi*, ṭoloṭolo*, polopolo*.

tolotolow   [tolotólow]  ⇒ tolotolo*. Adjective. used of clear voice which sings true. synonyms: cʼolocʼolo.

tolotolo*   [tolotólow]  ⇒ tolo*. Reduplicating Verb. sing with tremolo; make tremolo sound (of a tin can); sound quavering or tremolo; while keeping rhythm while singing; have a clear, true voice. tolotólohqaw o sing with tremolo; this is called singing pretty; to make bubbling sound singing. tolotólomʔ D: Plural. haduhca mensʼitʰíʔba qʼoʔo cáhno ša· ʔin e· muṭʼo tolotolowam no one can do it but a skilled singer with a clear voice. Example Variant: /-mam/ pl.. compare: kʰowokʰowo*, kiṭi*, ṭoloṭolo*, polopolo*.

tolotolow   [tolotólow]  ⇒ tolotolo*. Adjective. used of clear voice which sings true. synonyms: cʼolocʼolo.

tolotolow   [tolotólow]  ⇒ tolotolo*. Adjective. used of clear voice which sings true. synonyms: cʼolocʼolo.

tolti·ya   [toltí·ya]   Noun. tortilla.

kayi·na tolti·ya   [kayi·na tólti·ya]  ⇒ kayi·na, tolti·ya. Noun. wattles.

toma·te   [tomá·te]   Noun. tomato.

toma·tehqʰa   [tomá·tehqʰa]  ⇒ toma·te, ʔahqʰa. Noun. tomato juice.

toma·tehqʰa   [tomá·tehqʰa]  ⇒ toma·te, ʔahqʰa. Noun. tomato juice.

tose   [tose´]   Noun. tuberculosis, bad cough. tose wénu remedy for tuberculosis.

=tow₁   [tow]  ⇒ =ltow.

=tow₂   [tow]   Adverb. side.

ho·tow   [hó·tow]  ⇒ how₂, =tow₂, . Variant: hotow. 1 • Adverb. in front, on or at the side (of a wall), on the inside side (of basket). ho·tow bakʰe šahku forelegs. ʔahca hó·tow in front of the house; at, on, inside the wall. Example Variant: cahó·tow. to hó·tow matʼetʰmaw you're standing in front of me. biʔkʼás mo·qa·ye· ʔahca ho·tow the ant ran up onto (or on) the wall. Example Variant: holtow. ʔahca hó·tow dilameʔ take down from (the wall). ʔoho hó·tow in front of the fire. ʔahqʰa hó·tow coast (in front of the water). ʔahca hó·to· cohtawamu ṭʰuʔul ʔ the house standing in front is old. ʔahca ho·to· doʔqʼoʔdiwaʔti about to fix wall. compare: holtow, ʔiyo·tow, wina·, =tol, winaluw tow; antonym: ʔana·tow.

2 • Noun. front (of something). ʔahca ho·tów front of house. Example Variant: ʔahca hó·tow. má·kina ho·tow front end of car. ʔahca hó·to· ṭʰúʔul ʔ the front house is old; the front wall is old. ʔahca hó·to· doʔqʼoʔdi qaʔti about to fix the wall.

ho·to·qan   [ho·to·qan]  ⇒ ho·tow, =qan. Adverb. from the front (inside surface of basket) .

qʰama ho·tow   [qʰama hó·tow]  ⇒ qʰama₁, ho·tow. Noun. sole of foot.

mala·tow   [mala·tow]  ⇒ mala·₂, =tow₂. Adposition. around, beside; on edge or side (of basket or box). ʔahqʰa mála·tow alongside the water. qʰaʔbe mála·to· cahci sit down beside the rock.

mimala·tow   [mimala·tow]  ⇒ mi·, mala·tow. Adverb. besides that.

qalitow   [qalitow]  ⇒ qali·, =tow₂. Adjective. 1 • heavenly, from heaven.

2 • top, above.

sililtow   [sililtow]  ⇒ sili, -l, =tow₂. Adverb. from the rear, back or butt (of living thing); from the depths of water or fire. compare: ʔana·tow, hsil, hsiluw, silhqʰaʔ.

winaluw tow   [winalú· tow]  ⇒ =tow₂. Adverb. on top. ʔahca wínalutow doʔqʼoʔdiwaʔti he is about to fix the roof. antonym: ʔiyow tow; compare: wina·, =tol, ho·tow.

wišatow   [wišatow]  ⇒ wiša, =tow₂. Adposition. above, on the upward or uphill side. to· wišátow above me on the hill. miʔkʰe ʔahca wíšatow hiʔda ʔdama·cʰ the road is above your house. huʔú· wišatow above eyes (on forehead). wišato· ʔahca ʔel milú· maci go in the upper house.

ʔiyow tow   [ʔiyó· tow]  ⇒ ʔiyow, =tow₂. Adverb. on bottom. antonym: winaluw tow.

towa·ya   [towá·ya]   Noun. towel.

toʔna   [toʔna]  ⇒ ʔa·. Pronoun. 1st person Singular Locative: where I am.

to·   [to·]  ⇒ ʔa·. Variant: to. Pronoun. 1 • 1st person Singular Accusative: me.

2 • 1st person Singular Inalienable Possessive: my, mine.

to·nto   [tó·nto]   Adjective. foolish, crazy (not mad). tó·nto ʔe· mu that's foolish. Usage: obsolete

to·ro   [tó·ro]   Noun. bull.

to·to   [to·to]   Noun. first part of feather dance, without whistle, dancers grunt for rhythm. compare: ʔešeddu, hoʔsiya, diʔcʼanʔ, likʰotiʔ.

tres   [trés]   Noun. three (in deck of cards). compare: hsibo.

tri·pa   [trí·pa]  ⇒ tiri·pa.

tsay*   [-]   Cooccurrence: @ is this the same as roots /zayla/ or /zayh/? | RO has meaning "twinned", KS thinks he meant "twined". Instr Verb Root. twined, joined. -tsayʔ -tsá·qaw -tsa·q- twine closely. compare: ʔsʼaṭ*₂, tsayh*, sʼayla*.

cutsay*   [cutsayʔ]  ⇒ cu-, tsay*, -ay. Verb. grow together (of leaves, prunes, berries - partially split). hatʼ cusʼayé· mu baṭʰe· many prunes grow together (twined).

cutsay   [cutsayʔ]  ⇒ cutsay*. Adjective. grown together (of leaves, prunes - partially split). cutsayé· mu they are grown together. cutsáyʔtʰine· mu they are note grown together. Example Variant: cusʼáyʔtʰine· mu.

naṭa cutsayʔ   [naṭa cútsayʔ]  ⇒ naṭa, cutsay*. Noun. conjoined twins, Siamese twins.

hitsayqa*   [hitsá·qaw]  ⇒ hi-, tsay*. Verb. twine with two or three sticks; weave start of basket, close weave. hitsá·qawi·biʔ D: Directional "up". hitsá·qa twine! hitsá·qamela D: Performative Complete. baṭʰe· ma· cama hitsá·qaw ʔ weave twine in many places. šamʔ hitsá·qa weave the /ša·mʔ/ basket (with close weaving). Example Variant: hisʼá·qa· šamʔ. šamʔ ma camaqal hitsá·qa the basket you are weaving, twine (closely). hisʼá·qame·du D: Durative. baṭʰé· hisʼá·qaw many close weaves. hisʼá·qa· camaw hlawe· mu šamʔ ʔitadu there are some baskets that are twined closely.

tsayh*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. crisscross. compare: ʔsʼaṭ*₂, tsay*, sʼayla*.

tsim   [tsim]   Animate Mimetic. zoom, hum from spinning, sound of chipmunk. compare: lim.

tu*₁   [-]   Instr Verb Root. leak.

cutucutu*   [cutucutuw]  ⇒ cu-, tu*₁. Reduplicating Verb. leak from a round object. harí·ya wi ʔahqʰa cutucútuw the water is leaking from the bucket (either slow drip or steady stream). Example Variant: šatušatuw. synonyms: šališali*, cʼoto*.

šatušatu*   [šatušatuw]  ⇒ ša-, tu*₁. Reduplicating Verb. leak.

tu*₂   [-]   Cooccurrence: always with frequentative and semelfactive. Instr Verb Root. 1 • flexible object be tightly stuffed, completely filled.

2 • bulge.

catucatuc*   [catucatuʔ]  ⇒ ca-, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. press with rear to fill and make bulge (a suitcase).

datudatuc*   [datudatuʔ]  ⇒ da-, tu*₂. Verb. be overstuffed. datudátuci (to person) Fill (flexible object) tightly! (e.g., sack, paper bag; not drawer). kʼaṭa míšukʰ datudátucʰqʰ the laundry bag was really stuffed (bulging, really pressed in to the top). compare: pitupitu*.

dutudutuc*   [dutudútuʔ]  ⇒ du-, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. stuff to the point of bulging, using the finger. wallet li pe·su dutudutu·y you stuffed money in your wallet so it bulges.

hituhituc*   [hituhituʔ]  ⇒ hi-, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. be pressed tight, stuffed.

matumatuc*   [matumatuʔ]  ⇒ ma-₂, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. stuff with the feet. mišukʰ li maʔqʼacʰpʰi mul matumátuci press with feet that in the sack and make it bulgy ! Example Variant: miʔqʼacʰpʰi.

mutumutuc*   [mutumutuʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. stuff by eating. mutumútuci (to person or animal) Stuff your stomach by eating!

patupatuc*   [patupatuʔ]  ⇒ pʰa-, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. stuff with the fist, by wrapping. misukʰli patupátuci (to person) Stuff the bag! (not for box, trunk; OK for pocket).

putuputuc*   [putuputuʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. puff up, get puffy, fat. putupútuci to puff up, get fat and puffy.

qatuqatuc*   [qatuqatuʔ]  ⇒ qa-, tu*₂. Reduplicating Verb. stuff with the teeth, between the teeth. maʔa qatuqatuʔ qaʔdime·ma you are holding food with your mouth bulging.

tu*₃   [-]   Instr Verb Root. move back and forth. compare: bo·š*, bo·kʼ*, bu·kʼ*, ʔbu*₅, buš*, bu·š*, htoš*₂, tuš*, ṭi·š*₁, ṭu·š*, ʔbo*₅, bo·l*.

hatuhatu*   [hatuhatuw]  ⇒ ha-, tu*₃. Variant: hatohato*. Reduplicating Verb. kicking around with one or both feet, not twisting; kick in the air. naṭa qáwi ʔem qaʔcʼaṭin hatuhátunʔwanʔ the child is kicking around on the ground crying. (or of shot animal lying kicking legs around in air). hatuhátuʔ kick once (no bulge meaning) ¡sem. synonyms: haʔyiʔyi*.

pitupitu*   [pitupituw]  ⇒ pʰi-, tu*₃. Reduplicating Verb. wave back and forth (of snake). pitupítu (to person) Make head shake fast! pitupítummeʔ D: Plural Imperative. Example Variant: pitupítumeʔ. compare: datudatuc*.

tubic*   [tubiʔ]  Lit: How I will not get up Variant: tubihc*. \nVariant: tubihci*. Verb. arise, get up (from lying or sitting). heʔen ʔa tubícʼkʰe tʰin I can’t get up. tubíhcimeʔ all stand up! get up (to several)! tubici get up! pʰala túbici get up again! tubí·tʰuʔ don't get up! tubicí·du keep getting up. tubíhcitʰumeʔ don't get up (to several)! sima túbiʔ arise from sleeping. cuhti tubiʔli where the word/design begins. compare: šoko·bic*.

tubicʰqa*   [tubícʰqaw]  ⇒ tubic*. Verb. 1 • raise, cause to get up; take up a subject for discussion (idiom based on English). mul ʔway em ya tubícʰqaʔkʰe that is the first (topic) we will take up. Example Variant: mul ʔway (el) e· ya tubicʰqaʔkʰe.

2 • decide on.

tubiyicʼ*   [tubiyíʔ]  ⇒ tubic*. Variant: tubiʔtacʼ*. Verb. 1 • get oneself up; start, begin, start in (with no intention of stopping before the finish). cahno túbiyiʔ to start to talk. ʔamadútʼaʔ tubiʔtaʔ several to start work. tubiyí·cʼi start in! tubiyí·cʼiwacʼmeʔ start (to several)! cohtóʔ tubiyi·cʼi start to go. tubiʔtacʼmeʔ D: Plural. tubiʔtamacʼmeʔ D: Plural. Example Variant: tubiyí·cʼmeʔ. ʔama· hadu· tubíyiʔtinʔ he set up a new business. tubiyi·cʼedem whenever he gets underway. pʰilebiʔ tubiyicʼmeʔ @ start running! (to several).

2 • wear full costume.

tubiyiʔ   [tubiyiʔ]  ⇒ tubiyicʼ*. Noun. the start.

tubicʰqa*   [tubícʰqaw]  ⇒ tubic*. Verb. 1 • raise, cause to get up; take up a subject for discussion (idiom based on English). mul ʔway em ya tubícʰqaʔkʰe that is the first (topic) we will take up. Example Variant: mul ʔway (el) e· ya tubicʰqaʔkʰe.

2 • decide on.

tubihci*   [tubíhciw]  ⇒ tubic*.

tubiyicʼ*   [tubiyíʔ]  ⇒ tubic*. Variant: tubiʔtacʼ*. Verb. 1 • get oneself up; start, begin, start in (with no intention of stopping before the finish). cahno túbiyiʔ to start to talk. ʔamadútʼaʔ tubiʔtaʔ several to start work. tubiyí·cʼi start in! tubiyí·cʼiwacʼmeʔ start (to several)! cohtóʔ tubiyi·cʼi start to go. tubiʔtacʼmeʔ D: Plural. tubiʔtamacʼmeʔ D: Plural. Example Variant: tubiyí·cʼmeʔ. ʔama· hadu· tubíyiʔtinʔ he set up a new business. tubiyi·cʼedem whenever he gets underway. pʰilebiʔ tubiyicʼmeʔ @ start running! (to several).

2 • wear full costume.

tubiyiʔ   [tubiyiʔ]  ⇒ tubiyicʼ*. Noun. the start.

tubiyiʔ   [tubiyiʔ]  ⇒ tubiyicʼ*. Noun. the start.

tubiʔtacʼ*   [tubíʔtaʔ]  ⇒ tubiyicʼ*.

tuka·yu   [tuká·yu]   Variant: tuka·yu yaʔ. Noun. friend. Usage: obsolete compare: kʼa*.

tuka·yu yaʔ   [tuká·yu yaʔ]  ⇒ tuka·yu.

tul*   [-]   Variant: tulta*; tulʔta*. Instr Verb Root. straighten. compare: kel*₁.

batul*   [batulʔ]  ⇒ ba-, tul*. Verb. by words to straighten out – to tell people what to do. baqʼo mul ʔama· cicʼwáʔ tʰin tʰaʔbamal batulí·bicʰmeʔ something that had had nothing done about it, organize it!

datul*   [datulʔ]  ⇒ da-, tul*. Verb. smooth out wrinkled clothes with palm, when spread over something; straighten (bent wire). datuli D: Imperative. datulá·tadu straighten here and there. datúlta straighten one at a time, several in one place. datúlciw D: Semelfactive, Absolutive. ʔacaʔ wenu ʔqa· yaʔ šuʔba datulʔwiye· to the medical doctor massaged my body. compare: dakel*.

dutul*   [dutulʔ]  ⇒ du-, tul*. Verb. straighten (bent hairpin, wrinkled clothes). compare: dukel*.

mutul*   [mutulʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tul*. Verb. straighten by throwing.

pitul*   [pitulʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, tul*. Verb. straighten with a hammer. pitúlʔta D: Plural, Imperative. pitulci straighten with one blow. Example Variant: pitúlci. cawíkʰ ʔahqol mul pituli straighten that long iron rod or nail with hammer!

situl*   [situlʔ]  ⇒ si-, tul*. Verb. straighten in water. kalikákʰ qaʔsʼo ʔahqʰa wi situly the crumpled paper has straightened out in the water.

šutul*   [šutulʔ]  ⇒ šu-, tul*. Verb. straighten (nose, flesh, etc.) directly by pulling it or indirectly by means of a rope or similar object. ʔila šútuli·cʼi pull nose and stretch it out! sʼiʔi šútuli·cʼi pull out flesh (it may stay or not)! šutúlʔ sʼiw to create a protrusion similar to a cow nipple on vagina by tying horse hair around the flesh and pulling; this was intended to make woman unattractive to other men. šutúltaw D: Plural, Absolutive.

tule   [tule]   Variant: sule. Noun. humming bird. sule black-chinned humming bird. tuleʔ it's a humming bird.

tule baʔcʼowa   [tule báʔcʼowa]  Lit: hummingbird angelica ⇒ tule, baʔcʼowa. Noun. lovage (Hummingbird's Angelica). Ligusticum apiifolium (Carrot Family).

tule ma·ṭama   [tule ma·ṭama]  ⇒ tule, ma·tamaʔ. Noun. a very small rufous humming bird.

tule qʰale   [tule qʰále]  ⇒ tule, qʰale₁. Noun. figwort. The warmed leaves were used as a poultice on boils. Scrophularia californica. synonyms: haqaṭa qʰale.

tule baʔcʼowa   [tule báʔcʼowa]  Lit: hummingbird angelica ⇒ tule, baʔcʼowa. Noun. lovage (Hummingbird's Angelica). Ligusticum apiifolium (Carrot Family).

tule ma·ṭama   [tule ma·ṭama]  ⇒ tule, ma·tamaʔ. Noun. a very small rufous humming bird.

tule qʰale   [tule qʰále]  ⇒ tule, qʰale₁. Noun. figwort. The warmed leaves were used as a poultice on boils. Scrophularia californica. synonyms: haqaṭa qʰale.

tulse   [túlse]   Adjective. sweet. tulséyya D: Plural. compare: tuyʔtu.

cuhni· tulse   [cuhni· tulse]  ⇒ cuhni·, tulse. Noun. cookies.

hiʔbu tulse   [hiʔbu túlse]  ⇒ hiʔbu, tulse. Noun. sweet potato (calque). synonyms: kamo·te.

ʔalitʰka tulse   [ʔalítʰka tulse]  ⇒ ʔali·tʰka, tulse. Noun. sugar beets. compare: sama kʼis.

tulta*   [-]  ⇒ tul*.

tuluš   [tuluš]   Noun. whirlwind.

tulʔta*   [-]  ⇒ tul*.

tumhu*   [tumhuw]   Variant: tumhutacʼ*. Verb. buy. cibalṭa má mul tumhuwá from whom did you buy it ? kumíʔda ʔṭa(mu) tumhutacʼmucʼwaʔ they always buy from e.o. Example Variant: ...tumhutacʼmucʼwacam. ʔahá· tumhu buy some wood! kʰe ʔahá· tumhú buy me some wood!

tumhutacʼ*   [tumhutacʼ]  ⇒ tumhu*.

tupu·lu   [tupú·lu]   Noun. axe (hammer?) tupu·lu wi wenta·na pʰiʔpʼanʔ (nail) shut the window with a hammer. tupú·lu qawi hatchet, small axe. tupú·lu sama axe handle.

tuš*   [-]   Variant: tu·š. Instr Verb Root. swell. compare: bo·š*, bo·kʼ*, bu·kʼ*, ʔbu*₅, buš*, bu·š*, htoš*₂, tu*₃, ṭi·š*₁, ṭu·š*, ʔbo*₅, bo·l*.

cutuš*   [cutuš]  ⇒ cu-, tuš*. Verb. rounded object swell, swell up. ciʔdómti·yihe cutušy it is budding (flower hidden), ready to bloom. Example Variant: ...cubušy.. ʔilasú cutušmaw e· mito – ʔilamo ltow snot is sticking out from your nostril. Example Variant: cubušmaw. qʰama pʰíʔkʼo mito cú·ki duwal cutušmaw your ankle ball is sticking out through your socks. Example Variant: cubušmaw. synonyms: cubuš*.

dituš*   [dituš]  ⇒ di-, tuš*. Verb. hang baggily; hang and bulge. ditušmaw to hang baggy. wó·lsa ditušmaw pocket hanging bulgy (from lots of stuff in it).

di·tuštušu   [di·tuštušu]  ⇒ dituš*. Ideophone Adjective. baggy. kʼaṭa dí·tuštušu baggy clothes. compare: di·yotʰyoto.

mutuš*   [mutuš]  ⇒ mu-, tuš*. Verb. swell, be swollen. mutuši·biʔ swelling up. ʔahqʰa mutuhšibiʔ swells, rolling waves without breakers. mutu·šiʔ swelling by itself, bulging out.

pituš*   [pituš]  ⇒ pʰi-, tuš*. Verb. swell, bulge. pitušmaw to bulge (no meaning of crazy). pitušmawé· mu @ it's bulging. Example Variant: pitúšmawe· mu.

putuš*   [putuš]  ⇒ pʰu-, tuš*. Verb. swell by blowing. putušmaw cheeks blown out. qapʼa putu·sicʰqaba putušmaw he blew up his cheeks and sat with them bulging. putu·šiʔ to swell or blow up.

qatuš*   [qatuš]  ⇒ qa-, tuš*. Verb. cheeks swell with food; jowls bulging. qatušmaw jowls bulging. compare: htoš*₂, buš*, bo·š*, bokʼ*, bu·kʼ*.

qa·tuštušu   [qa·túštušu]  ⇒ qatuš*. Ideophone Adjective. swollen face. qa·túštušu like kids with a lot of gum in mouth. compare: qa·bošbošo.

tuyyu   [tuyyu]   Interjection. serves you right! you got what you deserve!

tuyʔtu   [túyʔtu]   Noun. sugar. túyʔtu qʼoʔdi good sugar. pasté·l tuyʔtu qʼo pie with sugar. compare: tulse.

tuyʔtu biʔkʼas   [túyʔtu biʔkʼas]  ⇒ tuyʔtu, biʔkʼas. Noun. sugar ant.

tuyʔtu biʔkʼas   [túyʔtu biʔkʼas]  ⇒ tuyʔtu, biʔkʼas. Noun. sugar ant.

tu·lse cahno·du   [tú·lse cahno·du]  ⇒ tulse, cahno*. Verb. sweet talk (someone into doing something). tú·lse cahnonʔba ʔa ma·dal men sʼíhqamela (She didn’t want to do it but) I sweet talked her into doing it. compare: ṭʰoʔo codonʔwadu.

tu·š   [tu·š]  ⇒ tuš*.

tu·t*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. dizzy.

situ·t*   [situʔ]  ⇒ si-, tu·t*. Verb. stagger, feel dizzy. situta·duwá·du to stagger around. šina· sitú·te· to my head feels dizzy. Example Variant: ...sikú·te·.... situtʰmameʔ D: Plural Imperative. situ·ti (to person) Stagger! compare: siko·l*, siku·ṭ*.

situ·t   [situʔ]  ⇒ situ·t*. Adjective. dizzy. synonyms: siku·ṭ.

tu·tu   [tú·tu]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. Uncle! (mother's brother).

tu·tu*   [-]  ⇒ cu*. Kinship Noun. my mother's brother (informal).

tu·tu   [tú·tu]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. Uncle! (mother's brother).

tu·tunʔ   [tu·túnʔ]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. my or our mother’s brother, informal.

tu·tunʔkʰe   [tu·tunʔkʰe]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. for my mother's brother.

tu·tuto   [tu·tuto]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. (of, to) my mother's brother.

tu·tutoʔna   [tu·tutoʔna]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. 1 • where my or our mother's brother is.

2 •  at my or our mother's brother's place.

tu·tunʔ   [tu·túnʔ]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. my or our mother’s brother, informal.

tu·tunʔkʰe   [tu·tunʔkʰe]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. for my mother's brother.

tu·tuto   [tu·tuto]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. (of, to) my mother's brother.

tu·tutoʔna   [tu·tutoʔna]  ⇒ tu·tu*. Kinship Noun. 1 • where my or our mother's brother is.

2 •  at my or our mother's brother's place.

-tʰ   [tʰ]  Variant: -tʰi; -tʰu. Verb. Negative.

tʰala*   [-]   Cooccurrence: occurs with R. Instr Verb Root. pleasant, tingling taste--like peppermint.

tʰalatʰala*   [tʰalatʰálaw]  ⇒ tʰala*. Reduplicating Verb. pleasant stinging feeling on tongue, of peppermint, excess salt.

tʰalatʰala*   [tʰalatʰálaw]  ⇒ tʰala*. Reduplicating Verb. pleasant stinging feeling on tongue, of peppermint, excess salt.

tʰawil   [tʰawil]   Noun. left (side).

tʰil*₁   [-]   Instr Verb Root. tear but not necessarily apart.

batʰil*   [batʰilʔ]  Lit: tear to pieces with words ⇒ ba-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart, with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing). cahno wi batʰílciʔkʰe ʔe· mito ʔa I am going to talk you to death with words.

cutʰil*   [cutʰilʔ]  ⇒ cu-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart, with a round object, flowing water, the front end; by shooting. cutʰila·qaʔ with round object.

datʰil*   [datʰilʔ]  ⇒ da-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear by pressing with hand. datʰila·qaʔ to tear pressing with hand.

dutʰil*   [dutʰilʔ]  ⇒ du-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart using fingers. dutʰila·qaʔ to tear poking with finger. Example Variant: dutʰilciw.

hitʰil*   [hitʰilʔ]  ⇒ hi-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart, with the body. kalikakʰ hitʰílciqʰ the paper is torn. coʔqʰo hitʰílciqʰ the quilt is torn.

matʰil*   [matʰilʔ]  ⇒ ma-₂, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart using the sole of the foot. matʰila·qaʔ to tear pressing with foot.

pʰatʰil*   [pʰatʰilʔ]  ⇒ pʰa-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart (by poking) with the end of a long object. pʰatʰila·qaʔ to tear with poke.

pʰitʰil*   [pʰitʰilʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart with the side of a long object. pʰitʰila·qaʔ to tear with stick.

šutʰil*   [šutʰilʔ]  ⇒ šu-, tʰil*₁. Verb. tear but not necessarily apart. kʼaṭa šutʰílciw to pull cloth and tear (it is big tear but not in two necessarily). šutʰílá·du D: Durative. šutʰílá·tadu D: Durative. compare: šuhqʰaṭ*; synonyms: šocom*.

tʰil*₂   [-]   Instr Verb Root. show through the dusk.

pitʰil*   [pitʰilʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, tʰil*₂, pʰi-, tʰil*₂. Verb. face show through darkness. pitʰilmaw face showing darkly over something, dark color or in dusk.

pitʰil*   [pitʰilʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, tʰil*₂, pʰi-, tʰil*₂. Verb. face show through darkness. pitʰilmaw face showing darkly over something, dark color or in dusk.

=tʰin   [tʰin]   Adverb. not.

tʰiwinsʼu·sʼu   [tʰiwínsʼu·sʼu]   Noun. sp. of fish with a horn; swordfish or shark?

tʰol*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. ?? synonyms: hqʰolh*, ʔcʼolh*₁, kʰol, hpʰa·š*, qʰol, kʰol, qʰolo*, hqʰolh*, qʰolol, hqʰolh*, ṭo·l*, qʰol*, qʰolo*, tʰolo*, hṭʰolh*, bo·l*, kʼo·l*.

tʰolo*   [-]   Cooccurrence: with -R. Instr Verb Root. sound of moving through brush. synonyms: hqʰolh*, ṭo·l*, qʰol*, tʰol*, qʰolo*, hṭʰolh*, bo·l*, kʼo·l*; compare: kʰolo.

tʰunkuhtu   [tʰúnkuhtu]   Noun. Purple fiddleneck. Phacelia californica (Waterleaf Family).

tʰut*   [-]   Variant: htʰut*. Instr Verb Root. break apart something brittle.

ditʰut*   [ditʰuʔ]  ⇒ di-, tʰut*, di-, tʰut*. Verb. drop and break apart something brittle; something brittle fall and break apart. ditʰúhtimʔ clods to fall apart when dropped into or on something (or ice or spider web if it breaks). ditʰutʰmaw one dropped. ditʰutá·duʔ to fall on ground and break into lots of pieces.

ditʰut*   [ditʰuʔ]  ⇒ di-, tʰut*, di-, tʰut*. Verb. drop and break apart something brittle; something brittle fall and break apart. ditʰúhtimʔ clods to fall apart when dropped into or on something (or ice or spider web if it breaks). ditʰutʰmaw one dropped. ditʰutá·duʔ to fall on ground and break into lots of pieces.

hatʰut*   [hatʰuʔ]  ⇒ ha-, tʰut*, ha-, tʰut*. Verb. kick and break.

hatʰut*   [hatʰuʔ]  ⇒ ha-, tʰut*, ha-, tʰut*. Verb. kick and break.

mutʰut*   [mutʰuʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tʰut*, mu-, tʰut*. Verb. break apart something brittle with fire. mutʰutʰciw to throw (clod) so it breaks.

mutʰut*   [mutʰuʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tʰut*, mu-, tʰut*. Verb. break apart something brittle with fire. mutʰutʰciw to throw (clod) so it breaks.

tʼ₁   [tʼ]   Baby Speech. suck, nurse, want milk. compare: noʔno, ʔtʼo*₁, tʼoʔtʼo.

tʼ₂   [tʼ]   Interjection. tsk tsk; said on hearing or seeing something not good, often front of fingers is put over mouth.

tʼac*   [-]  ⇒ ʔtʼa*₅. Instr Verb Root. detect.

tʼahtala*   [tʼahtala]  ⇒ tʼa·la*.

tʼakʼ   [tʼakʼ]   Inanimate Mimetic. sound of hitting something soft or mushy (e.g., flesh, mud, dough). synonyms: tʼapʼ.

tʼala*   [tʼalaw]  ⇒ tʼa·la*.

tʼapʼ   [tʼapʼ]   Inanimate Mimetic. sound of hitting something soft and wet. tʼatʼatʼatʼapʼ sound of many hitting or batter spilling. synonyms: tʼakʼ; compare: hwatʼ*.

tʼat*₁   [-]   Instr Verb Root. work, prepare.

dutʼat*₂   [dutʼaʔ]  Lit: bother with finger ⇒ du-, tʼat*₁. Variant: dutʼatat*. Verb. work, be industrious; idiomatic meaning of "copulate". dutʼatá·du D: Durative. compare: dutʼat*₁.

dutʼatad*   [dutʼatadu]  ⇒ dutʼat*₂. Variant: dutʼatacʼ*. Verb. prepare (food).

maʔa dutʼatad   [maʔa dútʼata·du]  ⇒ maʔa, dutʼatad*. Verb. cook, prepare food.

maʔa dutʼata·du yac   [maʔa dutʼata·du yaʔ]  ⇒ maʔa dutʼatad, =yac. Noun. cook. compare: kusine·ru.

ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ   [ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ]  ⇒ ṭuhšo, -yi₂, dutʼat*₂. Noun. Friday. yalá· capa tol ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ this past Friday. qʰo cápa hqow ṭuhšoyidutʼaʔ Friday before last.

ʔahša dutʼat   [ʔahša dutʼaʔ]  ⇒ ʔahša, dutʼat*₂. Verb. (start) to fish. ʔahša dútʼati D: Imperative.

ʔahša dutʼaʔca   [ʔahša dútʼaʔca]  ⇒ ʔahša dutʼat, =ʔca. Noun. fisherman. ʔahša dútʼaʔcal D: Objective.

ʔama dutʼat₂   [ʔama dútʼaʔ]  ⇒ ʔama·₂, dutʼat*₂. Verb. work, do a job, do one's duty. ʔama dútʼata·taʔ to be industrious (people are working). ʔama dútʼati D: Imperative. ʔama dútʼata·tacʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative.

ʔama dutʼat₁   [ʔama dútʼaʔ]  ⇒ ʔama dutʼat₂. Variant: ʔama· dutʼat. Noun. work that one has to do, job, duty. miʔkʰe ʔámadutʼaʔ your duty. ʔama dútʼaʔ dacew take a job.

tʼat*₂   [-]   Instr Verb Root. talk, chatter.

qatʼat*   [qatʼaʔ]  ⇒ qa-, tʼat*₂. Verb. 1 • talk about, talk idly; talk about, jaw, bat gums, bat around. qatʼati talk about it! ʔohso ʔel qatʼati talk about that clover! qatatá·du D: Durative. qatatá·duwa·du D: Plural. qaʔtʼawíye·to·ma you bawled me out (not nec. loud). synonyms: di·cʼiduwad*.

2 • chatter.

tʼat*₃   [-]   Instr Verb Root. fidget. compare: tʼa·d*.

catʼat*   [catʼaʔ]  ⇒ ca-, tʼat*₃. Verb. be bothered by sitting on dress you are wearing. compare: catʼa*.

datʼat*   [datʼaʔ]  ⇒ da-, tʼat*₃. Verb. one to bother one thing; flirt; fidget. compare: daʔtʼa*.

dutʼat*₁   [dutʼaʔ]  ⇒ du-, tʼat*₃. Verb. bother with fingers. dutʼati D: Imperative. dutʼáhtʰuʔ D: Negative. dutʼatá·du D: Durative. dutʼatá·duwa·du D: Plural Object, Durative. musa·la dutʼahtʰumul ko·ko ʔe ʔ don’t bother the snake with finger; it’s dangerous. compare: dutʼat*₂, sʼa·*, ʔkʼa*₁, ʔba*₂, ṭʼa·*, kʼaṭʰi*₃, ʔcʼu*, pisa*, ṭʼa·*, =kʼaʔli, kʼaṭʰi*₁, kʼakʼa·ṭʰak, pisa*, duʔbaʔba*; synonyms: hca*₃.

ʔaca·ʔ dutʼaʔli pʰiʔkʼo   [ʔacaʔ dutʼáʔli pʰiʔkʼo]  Lit: person-doctoring-with ball (patterned); ball with which to doctor a person ⇒ ʔaca·c, dutʼat*₁, pʰiʔkʼo. Noun. a ball (dark blue with a white design) that is batted around while doctoring. ʔacaʔ dutʼáʔli pʰiʔkʼo kóʔyi patterned doctoring ball.

hatʼat*   [hatʼaʔ]  ⇒ ha-, tʼat*₃. Verb. bother with foot.

hitʼat*   [hitʼaʔ]  ⇒ hi-, tʼat*₃. Verb. fidget the body.

matʼat*   [matʼaʔ]  ⇒ ma-₂, tʼat*₃. Verb. bother with sole of foot (as something on floor).

mitʼat*   [mitʼaʔ]  ⇒ mi-₂, tʼat*₃. Verb. fidget toes, fidget toes against. mitʼatí·cʼi to fidget against self with toes. mitʼa·cʼi @ D: Imperative.

pʰitʼat*   [pʰitʼaʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, tʼat*₃. Verb. 1 • feel around with the end of a long object; bother with the end of a long object. qapʼa pʰitʼatiʔ to feel around on the cheek with side of (pencil). pʰitʼatí·cʼi D: Imperative. ʔahqʰa pʰítʼati to feel around water with (pencil). pʰitʼati bother with stick! compare: pʰiʔtʼa*.

2 • 

šatʼat*   [šatʼaʔ]  ⇒ ša-, tʼat*₃. Verb. bother with stick. musa·la šatʼáhtʰumul ko·ko ʔe ʔ don’t bother the snake with stick; it’s dangerous.

tʼatʰq*   [tʼatʰqaw]  ⇒ ʔtʼaq*₁.

tʼawicʼ*   [tʼawíʔ]  ⇒ ʔtʼa*₂. Verb. think (about self).

tʼa·cʼ*   [-]  ⇒ tʼa·d*. Instr Verb Root. be still (unmoving or silent).

batʼa·cʼ*   [batʼaʔ]  ⇒ ba-, tʼa·cʼ*. Verb. be still (unmoving or silent), with the lips, snout, or beak; by speech (or hearing); quiet. batʼacʼmeʔ be quiet! (to sev.) batʼa·cʼi stay (be) quiet! batʼacʼmela I was quiet. batʼacʼa·cʼiwacʼmeʔ keep quiet! (to sev.) ʔahqʰa bátʼacʼaʔ the water is calm, still.

batʼacʼ   [batʼaʔ]  ⇒ batʼa·cʼ*. Adjective. quiet, still. batʼacʼ é· mu he's quiet. ʔahqʰa bátʼaʔ smooth, calm water. batʼaʔ caw to sit quietly (no sound, no movement). batʼaʔ tʰin é· mu he's not quiet.

tʼa·d*   [tʼa·du]  ⇒ ʔtʼa*₂. Variant: tʼa·cʼ*. Verb. 1 • one to feel (feelings, emotions; not from a specific sense organ). tʼanqaw to feel. weʔé· tʼanʔqaw ignore, not pay attention. ʔama· pišúdu tʼanqaw sorrow, feeling bad. Example Variant: ʔama· qóʔdi tʼanqáwʔtʰin. tʼacʼqaw several to feel. qoʔdi tʼa·du to be feeling good. qʼoʔdi tʼala·medu get to feeling better (whenever she takes the medicine). pišudu tʼa·du to be feeling bad. tʼanʔqa D: Causative, Imperative. tʼacʼqameʔ D: Causative, Plural Imperative. tʼanʔqamé·du D: Causative, Plural Durative. tʼacʼqamécʼmeʔ D: Causative, Plural Durative, Plural Imperative. tʼadu·cedú·cedu D: Durative. cahno qali· tʼa·de· to I feel light-hearted (and will enjoy the party I’m going to). tʼacayʔ to touch against. cuhti tʼanʔli where the word/design ends (meets beginning). ʔama ʔyá·yi min tʼa·nʔ I’m worried. Literally: I'm thinking like ahead of something. to· ṭʼo hin tʼa·nʔ I don’t care. compare: tʼat*₃; synonyms: nihin.

2 • (one) think. nihin tʼanʔqaw to think to self. Example Variant: nihin tʼa·du.

duʔsʼaʔtʼa·d*   [duʔsʼáʔtʼa·du]  ⇒ tʼa·d*. Verb. be cold, freezing (only of weather), stinging cold. ʔihcʰe díbucem duʔsʼáʔtʼa·nʔ when it rains, it feels cold (biting cold). Usage: archaic compare: duʔsʼaṭ*₁, duʔsʼaṭ*₂; synonyms: qahsil*.

pišudu tʼa·d   [pišudú tʼa·du]  ⇒ pišudu₂, tʼa·d*. Variant: šudu tʼa·d. Verb. feel bad, be or feel sorry (for someone). pišudú tʼa·du one to be feeling bad or feel sorry for someone. šudú tʼa·de· to ʔa mito pʰanemʔ I'm sorry I hit you; I feel bad that I hit you. Example Variant: pišudú tʼa·de· to ʔa mito pʰanemʔ.

tʼa·la*   [tʼa·law]  ⇒ ʔtʼa*₂, -ala. Variant: tʼahtala*; tʼala*. Verb. 1 • start to feel.

2 • start to think; have a thought or idea; thought occurs to one.

tʼa·m*   [-]   Instr Verb Root. shine.

mutʼa·m*   [mutʼamʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tʼa·m*. 1 • Verb. (sun) shine. mutʼa·ma (to the sun) Shine! mutʼamciw to start to shine. mutʼa·m it’s shining. compare: muʔtʼa*.

2 • Noun. sunlight.

mutʼamʔṭʰono   [mutʼamʔṭʰono]  Lit: shiny seaweed ⇒ mutʼa·m*, ʔoṭʰono. Noun. laverbread (algae). Porphyra lanceolata.

tʼeʔne   [tʼeʔne]   Adjective. hunchbacked. compare: kʼoʔno, buhlu, kʼeʔne.

tʼeʔnema·koney   [tʼeʔnema·koney]   Variant: tʼeʔnema·qoney. Place Name. Ténemakoney.

tʼeʔnema·qoney   [tʼeʔnema·qoney]  ⇒ tʼeʔnema·koney.

tʼe·l*₁   [-]   Instr Verb Root. make sticky, attach over an area. synonyms: pe·l*.

bitʼe·l*₁   [bitʼelʔ]  ⇒ bi-, tʼe·l*₁, bi-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. sew (usually used with /kʼaṭa bitʼelʔ/). kʼaṭa bítʼelʔ to sew cloth. bitʼe·li D: Locative. bitʼela·du(wá·du) D: Durative. bitʼe·láʔtʰuʔ D: Negative. kʼaṭa bitʼe·le· ʔa I'm sewing. compare: biʔyiʔyi*, biʔyiʔyi*.

bitʼe·lʔ ma·kina   [bitʼe·lʔ má·kina]  ⇒ bitʼe·l*₁, ma·kina. Noun. sewing machine.

bitʼe·l*₁   [bitʼelʔ]  ⇒ bi-, tʼe·l*₁, bi-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. sew (usually used with /kʼaṭa bitʼelʔ/). kʼaṭa bítʼelʔ to sew cloth. bitʼe·li D: Locative. bitʼela·du(wá·du) D: Durative. bitʼe·láʔtʰuʔ D: Negative. kʼaṭa bitʼe·le· ʔa I'm sewing. compare: biʔyiʔyi*, biʔyiʔyi*.

bitʼe·lʔ ma·kina   [bitʼe·lʔ má·kina]  ⇒ bitʼe·l*₁, ma·kina. Noun. sewing machine.

bitʼe·l*₂   [bitʼelʔ]  ⇒ bi-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. make sticky, attach over an area by encircling, e.g. with the arms; by sewing, eating (esp. with a spoon). synonyms: bicʼi·ṭ*.

caʔtʼe·l*   [caʔtʼelʔ]  ⇒ ca-, tʼe·l*₁, ca-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. smear with rear end.

caʔtʼe·l*   [caʔtʼelʔ]  ⇒ ca-, tʼe·l*₁, ca-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. smear with rear end.

cutʼe·l*   [cutʼelʔ]  ⇒ cu-, tʼe·l*₁, cu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. spread with a round object. hawó·n cutʼelqa· miʔkʰe wenta·na tol soap is stuck on your windows. on Halloween night, kids mark with soap on windows.

cutʼe·l*   [cutʼelʔ]  ⇒ cu-, tʼe·l*₁, cu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. spread with a round object. hawó·n cutʼelqa· miʔkʰe wenta·na tol soap is stuck on your windows. on Halloween night, kids mark with soap on windows.

cʰitʼe·l*   [cʰitʼelʔ]  ⇒ cʰi-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. smear (something sticky); spread (butter) with (knife). cʰitʼe·li (mulʔ) spread (that)! (5-28.4). cʰitʼéltaw D: Plural, Absolutive. cʰiltʼéltameʔ D: Plural Imperative. cʰitʼéltawa·duwa·du to spread one after another (dist.) cʰitʼela·duwá·du one to spread one thing all over. mu·kínʔ cuhni tol mul mantekí·ya cʰitʼelʔ he spread that butter on the bread. cuhni· tulse tol cream cʰitʼelʔ spread cream on the cake. miyé·l, mantekí·ya cʰitʼelʔ spread honey, butter. Usage: rare synonyms: cipe·l*.

datʼe·l*₁   [datʼelʔ]  ⇒ da-, tʼe·l*₁, da-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. spread with hand (palm). datʼe·li D: Locative. datʼelá·qa spread hence. datʼela·cʼiwácʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative.

datʼe·l*₁   [datʼelʔ]  ⇒ da-, tʼe·l*₁, da-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. spread with hand (palm). datʼe·li D: Locative. datʼelá·qa spread hence. datʼela·cʼiwácʼmeʔ D: Plural Imperative.

datʼe·l*₂   [datʼelʔ]  ⇒ da-, tʼe·l*₁, da-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. smear.

datʼe·l*₂   [datʼelʔ]  ⇒ da-, tʼe·l*₁, da-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. smear.

hatʼe·l*   [hatʼelʔ]  ⇒ ha-, tʼe·l*₁, ha-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. throw and make sticky. maṭʼqʰa hátʼelqa· miʔkʰe wentá·na tol ciba· tʰin somebody must have thrown and stuck mud on your windows.

hatʼe·l*   [hatʼelʔ]  ⇒ ha-, tʼe·l*₁, ha-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. throw and make sticky. maṭʼqʰa hátʼelqa· miʔkʰe wentá·na tol ciba· tʰin somebody must have thrown and stuck mud on your windows.

mutʼe·l*   [mutʼelʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tʼe·l*₁, mu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. make sticky, attach over an area with a quick movement, heat, light, mind or emotions. mutʼela·yi harden against something! mutʼéhla·meʔ D: Plural Imperative. mutʼe·lá·qa mul ʔ solder that! mutʼe·layʔ to throw something so it hits, spreads out and sticks. synonyms: mutʼe·layʔ.

mutʼe·lay*   [mutʼe·layʔ]  ⇒ mutʼe·l*. Verb. be paralyzed.

mutʼe·l*   [mutʼelʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tʼe·l*₁, mu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. make sticky, attach over an area with a quick movement, heat, light, mind or emotions. mutʼela·yi harden against something! mutʼéhla·meʔ D: Plural Imperative. mutʼe·lá·qa mul ʔ solder that! mutʼe·layʔ to throw something so it hits, spreads out and sticks. synonyms: mutʼe·layʔ.

mutʼe·lay*   [mutʼe·layʔ]  ⇒ mutʼe·l*. Verb. be paralyzed.

pʰitʼe·l*   [pʰitʼelʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, tʼe·l*₁, pʰi-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. nail, attach with a hammer. pʰitʼelmaw to keep nailing as someone else passes up more boards. pʰitʼelciw D: Semelfactive, Absolutive. ʔahca ma miʔkʰe pʰitʼeltʰiqʰ you have nailed on (walls) to your house apparently. ʔahca ma miʔkʰe pʰitʼelʔ ʔoʔ duʔkʼuw ʔtʰin you still have not finished nailing something on your house.

pʰitʼe·l*   [pʰitʼelʔ]  ⇒ pʰi-, tʼe·l*₁, pʰi-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. nail, attach with a hammer. pʰitʼelmaw to keep nailing as someone else passes up more boards. pʰitʼelciw D: Semelfactive, Absolutive. ʔahca ma miʔkʰe pʰitʼeltʰiqʰ you have nailed on (walls) to your house apparently. ʔahca ma miʔkʰe pʰitʼelʔ ʔoʔ duʔkʼuw ʔtʰin you still have not finished nailing something on your house.

pʰutʼe·l*   [pʰutʼelʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, tʼe·l*₁, pʰu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. attach over an area with heat. (cawikʰ) pʰutʼelqá·li soldering iron. (cawikʰ) mutʼéhna·mucʼqa·li soldering iron. synonyms: ʔtʼe*₂.

pʰutʼe·l*   [pʰutʼelʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, tʼe·l*₁, pʰu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. attach over an area with heat. (cawikʰ) pʰutʼelqá·li soldering iron. (cawikʰ) mutʼéhna·mucʼqa·li soldering iron. synonyms: ʔtʼe*₂.

šutʼe·l*   [šutʼelʔ]  ⇒ šu-, tʼe·l*₁, šu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. make sticky, attach over an area by pulling, pushing and pulling; with a long flexible object. hahse múl qʰahwe· siwólʔ li qala·pʰi šútʼe·li stick that branch into the pitch glue and spread it (blue by beating on something).

šutʼe·l*   [šutʼelʔ]  ⇒ šu-, tʼe·l*₁, šu-, tʼe·l*₁. Verb. make sticky, attach over an area by pulling, pushing and pulling; with a long flexible object. hahse múl qʰahwe· siwólʔ li qala·pʰi šútʼe·li stick that branch into the pitch glue and spread it (blue by beating on something).

tʼe·l*₂   [-]   Instr Verb Root. sew.

kʼaṭa bitʼeʔli   [kʼaṭa bitʼéʔlí]  Lit: self-run ⇒ tʼe·l*₂. Noun. sewing machine. kʼaṭa bítʼelli sewing machine (treadle). yuʔ dúlmo·du kʼaṭa bítʼelli electric sewing machine.

tʼe·t*₁   [-]   Instr Verb Root. set, fit in, fit.

dutʼe·t*   [dutʼeʔ]  Lit: put two ⇒ du-, tʼe·t*₁. Variant: dutʼehti*. Verb. fasten.

dutʼe·ticʼ*   [dutʼe·tiʔ]  ⇒ dutʼe·t*. Verb. fasten on or to oneself. dutʼetiʔ D: Absolutive. dutʼeti·cʼedú·cedu D: Durative, Directional "away". dutʼeti·cʼi put one on self. dutʼetí·cʼedu D: Durative. dutʼetí·cʼi attach several on self.

huʔu· dutʼetiʔ   [huʔú· dutʼetiʔ]  ⇒ dutʼe·t*. Noun. eye-glasses. compare: ʔantiyo·ho.

hitʼe·t*   [hitʼeʔ´]  Lit: body fit, parallel with English, calque ⇒ hi-, tʼe·t*₁. Verb. 1 • set, fit in, fit, be set, ready, prepared. hitʼehtʰé· to mul it doesn’t suit me. cahno cʰiʔcʼámʔ li hitʼetʰqa where there is space for the word, fit it in! ʔama hítʼeʔ tʰin e· ma nothing suits you; you aren’t satisfied with anything. cahno hitʼeta·qácʰqaw correct the word; make the word fit completely.

2 • fit.

mutʼe·t*   [mutʼeʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tʼe·t*₁, mu-, tʼe·t*₁. Verb. set, fit with fire. ʔohoyó· mutʼeʔ (yellowjacket to fly over fire and) fall in; caught in fire. mutʼeta·du to be stuck after being thrown.

mutʼe·t*   [mutʼeʔ]  ⇒ mu-, tʼe·t*₁, mu-, tʼe·t*₁. Verb. set, fit with fire. ʔohoyó· mutʼeʔ (yellowjacket to fly over fire and) fall in; caught in fire. mutʼeta·du to be stuck after being thrown.

pʰutʼe·t*   [pʰutʼeʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, tʼe·t*₁, pʰu-, tʼe·t*₁. Verb. set, fit, by blowing; (disease) to act in flash; stick by blowing; (disease) to fly and stick (to mouth). pʰutʼetá·du to do (blow) very fast, in a flash.

pʰutʼe·t*   [pʰutʼeʔ]  ⇒ pʰu-, tʼe·t*₁, pʰu-, tʼe·t*₁. Verb. set, fit, by blowing; (disease) to act in flash; stick by blowing; (disease) to fly and stick (to mouth). pʰutʼetá·du to do (blow) very fast, in a flash.

šutʼe·t*   [šutʼeʔ]  ⇒ šu-, tʼe·t*₁. Verb. set, fit in by pulling and pushing. šutʼe·ti put (the car) in gear!; (or) insert (twine in the weaving basket)! šutʼeti put (the cars) in gear! (or) insert (twine in the baskets)! mo·bícʰkʰe wi šutʼeta·du to put in gear. qali· šuteʔ to shift to high gear. šutʼe·ti to put (car) in gear; insert new twine in weaving basket.

tʼe·t*₂   [-]  Lit: They caused₃ˢ him₄ to stand₃ up₃ˢ as big₂ chief₁. Cooccurrence: pʰa- only. Instr Verb Root. set long object upright, cause to stand.

pʰatʼe·t*   [pʰatʼeʔ´]  ⇒ pʰa-, tʼe·t*₂. Variant: pahqoq*; pahqʰoq*. Verb. stand upright, erect (a pole). pʰatʼe·ti to put on. pʰatʼe·ti stand stick up on end! pʰatʼeta·ducé·du D: Durative, Directional "away". ciʔdomʔ kʰe pʰatʼe·ti plant my flowers! Example Variant: kʰe ciʔdomʔ pʰatʼe·ti. ʔamhul ʔa ciʔdomʔ pʰatʼetʼkʰe tomorrow I'll plant flowers.

sʼakʰel pʰatʼeʔ meṭ   [sʼakʰel pʰatʼeʔ meʔ]  Lit: time of setting up green (tree) ⇒ sʼakʰel, pʰatʼe·t*, meṭ. Noun. Christmas Day.

tʼe·t*₃   [tʼeʔ]  Lit: They caused₃ˢ him₄ to stand₃ up₃ˢ as big₂ chief₁. Variant: hqʰoq*. Verb of Position. stand. tʼetʰmaw to be standing (on ground or off). tʼeti·biʔ to stand up (on ground or off) (plurals are /qohqʰomʔ/ and /qohqʰoʔ/ respectively) (AJ, EP, OTIS). tʼetʰmaqa· did he stand there? tʼetʰmaw to stand for, tolerate (a principle). tʼetʰma stand still! tʼetʰmatʰuʔ D: Negative. tʼetʰmameʔ D: Plural Imperative. tʼetʰmatʰúmeʔ D: Plural Imperative, Negative. tʼetá·dú keep standing still! tʼe·táʔtʰuʔ D: Negative. tʼe·tánʔmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. tʼe·táʔtʰumeʔ D: Plural Imperative, Negative. tʼeta·dadu stand (in back of truck) while moving. tʼeta·dáʔtʰuʔ D: Durative, Negative. tʼeta·dadunwa·du walk and stop and walk and stop. hó· tʼetʰma stand in front, protect! ho· tʼetʰmatʰuʔ don’t protect! ʔama· qʼoʔdi tol tʼeti·bi·teʔ let us stand on (or for ?) good things, foundation. (6.15). nohpʰonóhpʰo bahṭʰe tʼeti·bícʰqaye· mu·kito they elected him president. ʔahca·tow tʼetaʔ he is standing outside the house door. tʼeta·qo stand there! tʼeta·law to stand in truck going downhill. tʼeta·loʔ to stand in truck coming uphill.

tʼe·tibic*   [tʼeti·bíʔ]  ⇒ tʼe·t*₃. Verb of Position. one stand up on two or more legs, on or off the ground; stand still. compare: paʔcʰa·bic*.

how tʼe·tibic   [hó· tʼeti·biʔ]  Lit: stand in front of ⇒ how₂, tʼe·tibic*. Verb. protect.

tʼe·tʰma*   [tʼetʰmáw]  ⇒ tʼe·t*₃. Verb of Position. one be standing on two or more legs, on or off the ground. tetʰmaqa· did he stand there?

how tʼe·tʰma   [hó· tʼetʰmaw]  ⇒ how₂, tʼe·tʰma*. Verb. stand in front, protect. hó· tʼetʰmaci·du protect. ho· tʼetʰmatʰuʔ don't protect! ho· tʼetʰmacíʔtʰuʔ @.

tʼe·tibic*   [tʼeti·bíʔ]  ⇒ tʼe·t*₃. Verb of Position. one stand up on two or more legs, on or off the ground; stand still. compare: paʔcʰa·bic*.

how tʼe·tibic   [hó· tʼeti·biʔ]  Lit: stand in front of ⇒ how₂, tʼe·tibic*. Verb. protect.

tʼe·tʰma*   [tʼetʰmáw]  ⇒ tʼe·t*₃. Verb of Position. one be standing on two or more legs, on or off the ground. tetʰmaqa· did he stand there?

how tʼe·tʰma   [hó· tʼetʰmaw]  ⇒ how₂, tʼe·tʰma*. Verb. stand in front, protect. hó· tʼetʰmaci·du protect. ho· tʼetʰmatʰuʔ don't protect! ho· tʼetʰmacíʔtʰuʔ @.

tʼile   [tʼile]  ⇒ tʼile*. Adjective. 1 • old, worn-out. ʔacaʔ tʼile person prematurely old acting and looking. hayu tʼile old dog. kʼaṭa ṭʰúʔulamʔba· tʼile ciʔ when the cloth got old it got worn/weak. kalikakʰ tʼile ʔé· mu the book is old and worn. sapá·tu tʼile worn-out shoes. duyamʔ tʼile very old wrinkled person. compare: duyamʔ, ninec.

2 • numb. cohšo tʼile numb hand.

šima tʼile hayu   [šima tʼíle hayu]  ⇒ šima, tʼile, hayu. Variant: hayu šima tʼule. Noun. hound dog (with flopped down ears).

tʼilekinʔ   [tʼilekinʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, -kinʔ. Noun. old man (respectful title).

tʼilemenʔ   [tʼilemenʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, -menʔ. Noun. old woman. synonyms: nineʔca.

tʼileyac   [tʼileyáʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, =yac. Kinship Noun. my or our parent-in-law (mother or father). compare: ša·*₁.

tʼile*   [tʼilew]   Verb. tingle; feel weak, numb. šiʔba tʼíletahwiye·to I don’t have much strength in my body; My body is getting numb. tʼiletaʔ feel numb. tʼiletá·qa D: Imperative. tʼiletáhmeʔ D: Plural Imperative. tʼiletá·qadu D: Durative. pʰala tʼíleta·qadu D: Durative #again.

tʼile   [tʼile]  ⇒ tʼile*. Adjective. 1 • old, worn-out. ʔacaʔ tʼile person prematurely old acting and looking. hayu tʼile old dog. kʼaṭa ṭʰúʔulamʔba· tʼile ciʔ when the cloth got old it got worn/weak. kalikakʰ tʼile ʔé· mu the book is old and worn. sapá·tu tʼile worn-out shoes. duyamʔ tʼile very old wrinkled person. compare: duyamʔ, ninec.

2 • numb. cohšo tʼile numb hand.

šima tʼile hayu   [šima tʼíle hayu]  ⇒ šima, tʼile, hayu. Variant: hayu šima tʼule. Noun. hound dog (with flopped down ears).

tʼilekinʔ   [tʼilekinʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, -kinʔ. Noun. old man (respectful title).

tʼilemenʔ   [tʼilemenʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, -menʔ. Noun. old woman. synonyms: nineʔca.

tʼileyac   [tʼileyáʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, =yac. Kinship Noun. my or our parent-in-law (mother or father). compare: ša·*₁.

tʼiletʼile*   [tʼiletʼilew]  ⇒ tʼile*. Reduplicating Verb. tingle; go numb (foot going to sleep). tʼileme haʔdi tʼíletʼile·qa old woman, go over there. (no strength from age). ʔiša· tʼiletʼílewe· to I have a tingling in my arm, after arm being asleep; there is no strength; feeling of leg, having gone to sleep, waking up; feeling of lips after eating pepper, when feeling is going away. muʔsʼaṭaʔ wayicʼba to šahku tiletʼílew when my numb leg woke up, it tingled. compare: sʼoʔyoʔyo*.

tʼilekinʔ   [tʼilekinʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, -kinʔ. Noun. old man (respectful title).

tʼilemenʔ   [tʼilemenʔ]  ⇒ tʼile, -menʔ. Noun. old woman. synonyms: nineʔca.