Detailed table of contents (click here for
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Titlepage
1
Foundational issues
Prescriptive versus descriptive grammar
Rule formation and syntactic structure in language acquisition
A thought experiment
Rule-based word formation
Question formation
More evidence for syntactic structure
Intuitions about words belonging together
Structural ambiguity
Universal Grammar
Formal universals
Recursion
Parameters
Generative grammar
Elementary trees and substitution
Grammaticality
Grammar versus language
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Expletive elements in English
Modals and auxiliary verbs in English
Questions
2
Syntactic constituenthood
Tests for determining syntactic constituenthood
Substitution
Movement
Questions and short answers
It
cleft focus
Some complications
Mismatches between syntactic structure and other structure
False negative results
Phrasal versus lexical constituents
Finiteness
Islands
Representing syntactic constituenthood
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Finiteness in English
Node relations
3
Some basic linguistic relations
Argumenthood
Semantic valency
Transitivity
Modification
Predication
Expletive
it
Aristotelian versus Fregean predicates
Expletive
there
Some special cases
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Adjectives
Expletive elements in English
Finiteness in English
Grammatical relations
Reference and related notions
Thematic roles
4
Introducing the X' schema of phrase structure
The X' schema for elementary trees
Transitive elementary trees
The X' schema
Intransitive elementary trees
Deriving simple sentences
Deriving complex sentences
The adjunct relation
Modification is different
The need for an adjunction operation
A typology of syntactic dependents
More on the distinction between complements and adjuncts
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Modals and auxiliary verbs in English
Reference and related notions
Thematic roles
5
Extending the X' schema
Noun phrases
Parallels and differences between noun phrases and sentences
Noun phrases as DPs
More on determiners
Modification and related issues
Adjective phrases
Prepositional phrases
Crosslinguistic variation in headedness
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Nouns
6
The verb movement parameter
Verb raising: V movement to I
The French future tense
The order of adverbs and verbs in French
Tense lowering: I movement to V
The order of adverbs and verbs in English
Do
support in English
Cues for the acquisition of verb raising
Verb raising and related issues in the history of English
The loss of verb raising
A change in the status of
not
The emergence of
do
support
The emergence of modals
Remnants of verb raising in modern English
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Modals and auxiliary verbs in English
Node relations
7
VP shells
Double-object sentences
The structure of ordinary causative sentences
Parallels between causative sentences and double-object sentences
Abstract verb movement
Double-complement sentences
Give
and
send
Put
Persuade
The causative alternation
Manner of motion verbs
Get
Further issues
Locality constraints on idioms
Small clauses revisited
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Thematic roles
8
Case theory
A first look at case
The basic purpose of case
Case government
Synthetic versus analytic case marking
Case features
Case licensing
Spec-head licensing
Head-spec licensing
Head-comp licensing
Nonstructural conditions on case licensing
The dative-accusative distinction
Case agreement (coming eventually...)
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Grammatical relations
9
Nonfinite clausal complements
Selectional restrictions
Subject control
Evidence for two clauses
Deriving subject control sentences
Raising
A detour
Nonthematic subject positions
Deriving raising sentences
Tend
and
occur
Promise
Object control
More nonthematic subjects
Subject idiom chunks
Weather
it
Summary
Notes
Exercises and problems
10
Passive
Characteristics of the passive
A movement analysis
Object idiom chunks
Analysis
The passive and nonfinite complementation
Structural versus inherent case
Exercises and problems
11
Wh- movement: Ross's island constraints
Evidence for a movement analysis of questions
Complementation
Why a silent complementizer?
Case checking
Direct wh- questions
The island constraints
The apparent unboundedness of wh- movement
A typology of islands
Other instances of wh- movement
Wh- relative clauses
That
relative clauses
Doubly marked relative clauses
Zero relative clauses
Topicalization
Notes
Exercises and problems
12
Wh- movement: Subjacency and the ECP
Subjacency
Two possible derivations for long-distance wh- movement
IP as a barrier to wh- movement
DP as a barrier to wh- movement
The coordinate structure constraint revisited
The Empty Category Principle (ECP)
Antecedent government
Lexical government
Further issues and refinements
Is subjacency an independent principle?
Movement out of ECM complements
Movement out of DP
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Node relations
13
Parametric variation concerning wh- movement
To move or not to move?
Wh- scope
Wh- in situ languages
A copy theory of movement
Partial wh- movement
But what if they're errors?
Where to move?
Hungarian questions
Hungarian relative clauses
Notes
Exercises and problems
Supplementary material
Information structure
Questions
14
The verb-second (V2) phenomenon
V2 in German
The linear position of the finite verb
The structural position of the finite verb
Movement to C as adjunction
Verb movement to C in declaratives
V2 in the history of English
V2 in Middle English
A remnant of V2 in modern English
Notes
Exercises and problems
15
Binding theory: Syntactic constraints on the interpretation of noun phrases
Coreference and coindexing
Hellan 1988
The co-argument condition
The predication condition
The tensed IP condition
Strict vs. non-strict co-arguments
Extending Hellan's binding theory to English
The co-argument condition
The predication condition
The tensed IP condition
Chomsky 1981
Principle A
Principle B
Principle C
Notes
Exercises and problems (to be added)
Glossary
List of supplementary material
Adjectives
Expletive elements in English
Finiteness in English
Grammatical relations
Modals and auxiliary verbs in English
Node relations
Nouns
Questions
Reference and related notions
Thematic roles
References
General literature and reference works
Technical literature and sources
Other textbooks