Please use the following guidelines in preparing your article for publication in the U. Penn Working Papers in Linguistics. You will need to submit the following to working-papers@ling.upenn.edu by the deadline that has been given to you:
The Working Papers Committee consists of volunteer graduate students. We do not have the resources to correct grammatical or typographical errors in your work, or deviations from the style sheet. Please proofread and edit your article carefully. If you are not a native speaker of English, please have a native speaker proofread for you.
Please note that all papers submitted must comply with our style specifications, and cannot exceed our length limit. The length limit is set absolutely at 10 pages. We reserve the right to refuse publication of any submission that exceeds the page limit, does not conform to our style sheet, or is too difficult for us to edit, for any reason.
If, after reading the guidelines carefully, you have any further questions regarding your submission, please email us at working-papers@babel.ling.upenn.edu.
Checklist:
If you are authoring your paper using Microsoft Word, you must use our Word document template. It has page size, margins, fonts, and spacing already set up. Information on how to use the template will appear when you open the file in Word. Download the file by right-clicking the link above and saving the file to your computer. Then open it in Microsoft Word.
If you are authoring your paper using LaTeX, you must use PWPL.sty (information on how to use this file is contained at the top of the file) and pwpl.bst for bibliographic styles. We also recommend our own gbpenn.sty for example sentences, our own version of gb4e.sty that indents according to our style.
You can view our sample document in PDF format to see what your paper should look like. For Word users, it also shows how to format your bibliography.
Below are our full style guidelines. Some information, such as the margins, are provided for reference but are going to be taken care of for you by the Word document template or the LaTeX style file.
(1) [NEW FOR 2008] Your paper must be formatted for U.S. Letter-sized (8.5"x11") paper. Set the following margins for all pages:
Top margin: 1 inch
Bottom margin: 1 inches
Left margin: 1.5 inches
Right margin: 1.5 inches
(2) [NEW FOR 2008] The page limit is 10 pages. This is a very strict limit. We will send your paper back to you if it exceeds this limit.
(3) Do not number pages, or use any sort of headers or footers. We will add them.
(4) At the very end of your paper, provide your mailing and e-mail addresses. Leave two blank lines after the references section, and provide your mailing address (left-justified) in 9 point Times (like the references). Do not include your name in the address, unless there are multiple authors with different addresses. Immediately below the address, provide your e-mail address in 9 point Times italic. Example:
Department of Linguistics
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305
working-papers@ling.upenn.edu
If there are multiple authors with the same address, just list the additional e-mail address(es) underneath the first.
(5) When including figures (in Word, or in LaTeX when saved as an image file like png), be sure the figures are saved at a high resolution: 300 DPI or better. If you include a chart in a Word document, you might want to send us the raw numbers as well in case we need to fix up the chart so it prints better. All figures should be grayscale as we do not print in color.
(1) The Times or Times New Roman font family is used for all material.
(2) Center the following at the top of the first page. Both title and name should be in 12 points. The title should be bold, your name should not. If there are multiple authors, separate with commas and the word "and", as necessary (see the sample document). Do not include your institutional affiliation here; it goes at the end of the paper.
Title of Your Paper
(skip one line)
Your Name
(skip one line before beginning text)
(3) The body of the text should be 10 point Times, single-spaced, justified on both sides. Indent each paragraph 0.25 inches, but do not indent the first paragraph after any heading, or after the title. Do not skip a line between paragraphs. Hyphenation should be turned on. Use "smart" quotes so that your quotes do not look "like this," but “like this.”
(4) Section headings should be flush left and set in boldface, skipping one line both before and after (skip only one line between successive headings). Use 12 point text for first-level headings, 10 point for all subheadings. Capitalize Content Words. Do not place punctuation at the end of headings (unless, for example, the heading is in the form of a question).
(5) Number headings consecutively starting from 1 (do not use 0 anywhere); subsections should be numbered 1.2, 1.3.1, etc. Each number should be followed by two spaces before the heading itself.
(6) If a heading is more than one line, use hanging indent of 0.25 inches, and do not justify the text of the heading.
(7) Use footnotes rather than end notes (content notes only). Footnotes should be in 9-point Times, numbered consecutively from 1, and separated from the text by a 2-inch line. Justify footnotes on both sides, like the text. Footnotes should be indented by 0.25 inches, and there should be no space between the footnote number and the footnote text.
(8) Example sentences should be numbered in parentheses and indented 0.375in. Subexamples should be numbered a., b., etc. Leave a blank line above and below a block of examples, but do not leave extra space between example items.
(9) All figures, charts, and tables should appear in the body of the text. If they have a caption, it should appear below them, centered (if the table or figure is centered), in regular (not bold) 10-point font. Leave a blank line above and below figures. Please try to incorporate material so nothing needs to be cut and pasted by hand. If you do have to resort to manual paste-up, send us extra copies of the material, in the correct final size. Adjust the text so that there are no large empty areas where a figure or table does not fit at the bottom of a page. (You can "float" figures by placing them before or after the point where they are discussed).
Optimality tableaux should be shaded at 15 and 20%
(10) When drawing trees, do not use a special tree font. We strongly prefer that you embed trees as pictures, since trees are especially hard to edit and do not convert well between Word versions. If you cannot use pictures and are using Microsoft Word, use the drawing tool in Microsoft Word.
(11) The References section should immediately follow the end of the text, without beginning a new page. The heading "References" should be left adjusted, set in 12 point Times bold, with 2 blank lines above and 1 below. (I.e., treat it as an unnumbered section heading, but leave an additional line before it). The references themselves should be in 9 point type, justified on both sides, in 0.25 inch hanging indent format. (Use Word's paragraph formatting functions to accomplish this. Do NOT use tabs and spaces to accomplish the formatting.) If you import references from a bibiographic software program, CONFIRM, after importing, that references match our formatting exactly.< Do not abbreviate the first names of authors. Provide page numbers for articles in journals and edited volumes. Format the references according to the specifications outlined in our sample document. For types of references not mentioned there, please consult the style sheet of Linguistic Inquiry.
(1) To include IPA or other special characters in your document, use the Doulos SIL font, or, if possible, Unicode characters in the Times font. We can not accept papers that use other fonts. If you feel that you must use a different font (e.g., to render East Asian languages), please email us first to ensure that we will be able to support the font. (In the event that we approve an additional font, please include the font file with your submission. Additionally, have Word "embed" the font within the document. Under the Tools menu, go to Options, then Save, and turn on the Embed TrueType Fonts option.)
(2) Do not send us Word documents containing links to external files (e.g., to EXCEL spreadsheets). Import all tables etc. so that the file you send us is self-contained and can be processed by Word by itself. Paste those tables, graphs or charts in as 'picture' NOT as an editable file AND send us the graph data and chart in an Excel document separately. That way, we can edit them if we need to, but we won't have problems getting started.
(3) Please don't use automatic referencing software. Our computers don't support it and when we open your document we have to attempt to correct the references by hand.
(4) For aligned glosses, use tab stops (not spaces or anything else). We may send your paper back to you if you use spaces to align glosses.
(1) Make sure to send us any other style files you use, along with your LaTeX document.
(2) Please do not compress the interline spacing to make your document shorter!
(3) Use the Times font family for all material. For IPA fonts, we recommend the TSIPA font. Since the installation of non-standard fonts is a non-trivial matter, please avoid using any fonts other than times, tipa, tsipa, wsuipa, or the standard fonts without consulting us. Note: the mathtimes package is a commercial product, not freeware, and we don't have it.
(4) For numbered examples, we recommend the use of gbpenn.sty.
(5) For references, we strongly recommend the use of BibTeX, together with our BibTeX style pwpl.bst. Don't forget to send us the .bib file. If you don't use BibTeX, please make sure that your references confirm to our guidelines. Consult our sample document for examples of the most common types of references.
(6) Please use the natbib package for in-text citations, with the \bibpunct[:]{(}{)}{,}{a}{}{,} command to format citations appropriately. Do not abbreviate the first names of authors. Provide page numbers for articles in journals and edited volumes.
(7) Use footnotes rather than end notes (content notes only).
(8) Feel free to include figures, but just don't forget to send us the full set of files! It is easier for us if your article compiles with pdflatex, which means your figures should be in png format because of limitations with pdflatex. However, this is not a requirement.
This document is available on the web, at the following URL: