| (1) | a. | They put the dishes in the dishwasher. | |
| b. | They put the dishes in the dishwasher. |
B. Which of the treelets in (2) is consistent with your findings from (A)? Is there more than one treelet? Explain.
Note: Do not concern yourself with the identity of the node labelled "X" in (2c). You do not need to know what it is in order to answer this part of the exercise. All you need to assume is that do so substitution is possible iff (=if and only if) the sequence being replaced is a constituent.
| (2) | a. |
| b. |
| c. |
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C. Repeat (A) for (3) and (4).
Note: Be sure to give separate acceptability judgments for each of the two verbs gave and sent and for each of the two syntactic configurations (the NP PP variant and the NP NP variant). This will give you eight judgments in all. The reason you need all the judgments is that we don't know a priori whether the two verbs or the two syntactic configurations behave alike. They might, but if they do, that is a fact that needs to be established, not one that can be taken for granted.
| (3) | a. | They gave/sent the money to Tommy. | |
| b. | They gave/sent the money to Tommy. | ||
| (4) | a. | They gave/sent Tommy the money. | |
| b. | They gave/sent Tommy the money. |
D. Substitute 'NP' for 'PP' in the treelets in (2) and then repeat (B) on the basis of your findings from (C), replacing put first by gave and then by sent.
| (5) | a. | They eat five apples every day, and we do so, too. | |
| b. | They eat five apples every day, and we do so every week. | ||
| c. | * | They eat five apples every day, and we do so six pears every week. |
Now consider (6).
| (6) | a. | They waited for five hours, and we did so, too. | |
| b. | They waited for five hours, and we did so for even longer. |
Given (5) and (6), what would you conclude is the proper treelet for waited, (7a) or (7b)? Explain.
| (7) | a. | 
| b. | 
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| (8) | a. | We [ [ [ drove ] the car] in the morning. ] | |
| b. | We [ [ [ drove ] to the store ] in the morning. ] | ||
| c. | We [ [ [ [ drove ] the car ] to the store ] in the morning. ] |
B. Use the grammar tool in do so substitution to generate structures for each of the sentences in (8). The structures should be consistent with your judgments from (A). Assume–as we have been doing–that do so substitutes for instances of V'.
You will need to construct your own treelets as follows:
To attach an NP or PP as a complement, drag it to V'.
To attach an NP as a specifier, drag it to VP.
You will also need to integrate adjuncts into your treelets in the two-step process of adjunction discussed in the notes. First, click on V' to produce a copy of it. Then attach the NP or PP as an adjunct by dragging it onto the higher copy of V'. When you have a good understanding of the adjunction process, you can hold down the shift key and drag an NP or PP to the target of adjunction (the shift key must be depressed throughout the entire drag). The grammar tool will then generate the desired structure for you in a single step.
C. What is/are the treelet(s) for drove given your judgments from (A)? Remember that verbs can be associated with more than one treelet, but do not propose more treelets than are necessary.
If your first reaction is that your answer to this question is implicit in the trees you just built in (B), you are completely correct. However, until I'm sure that you and your trees are on the same wavelength, I'd like to hear the answer from you explicitly.