Schedule : Fall 2015

Ling 115
Writing Systems

This page gives the schedule of topics and assigned readings for Linguistics 115: Writing Systems at the University of Pennsylvania. The basic readings are from the Gnanadesikan textbook, The Writing Revoluation, by chapter; online readings are listed with direct links to either html or pdf files. These may be updated during the semester, so check back every week. Other relevant pages are the syllabus, glossary, phonetic symbols, study guide, and course description.

The notes and pictures that are used in lectures are all available on the web for study and review by students in the course; simply click on the links in this schedule. These pages are password-protected because many of the images are copyrighted and fair use restricts them to students in the course. See the announcement on Canvas for the username and password you need to use.

The reading assignments will not change during the semester, but the content of the lecture notes is subject to change until the day before the presentation. Pdf files of homework assignments and their answers will be posted on Canvas according to the schedule of due dates. There is no class on November 25 (the day before Thanksgiving, treated as a Friday but we will not have recitations that day), and no recitation sections on September 25 (due to the papal visit) and October 9 (due to Fall Break).

Week 1 What is writing?
Aug 24 No classes yet
Gnanadesikan
chapter 1 — The First IT Revolution
Online
Yule (2006): The Development of Writing [pdf]

 

Aug 26 Typology
Week 2 Concepts and early writing
Aug 31 Transliteration
Greek
Gnanadesikan
none
Online
Variability in the transliteration of Russian [html 1, 2, 3]
Garfield (1975): Transliteration ≠ Transcription ≠ Translation [pdf]

Homework 1
due Sept 9

Sept 2 Background
Structure
Week 3 Mesopotamian cuneiform
Sept 7 Labor Day
Gnanadesikan
chapter 2 — Cuneiform: Forgotten Legacy of a Forgotten People
Online
Wilford (1999), Who Began Writing?  [html or pdf]
Michalowski (1997), Adaptation of Cuneiform to Akkadian  [html]
Houston, Baines & Cooper (2003): Last Writing, pp. 430–435, 450–456 [pdf]

Homework 2
due Sept 16

Sept 9 Structure (cont.)
Texts
Week 4 Egyptian hieroglyphs
Sept 14 Background
Earliest writing
Gnanadesikan
chapter 3 — Egyptian Hieroglyphs and the Quest for Eternity
Online
Metropolitan Museum of Art: Summary of History [pdf]
Metropolitan Museum of Art: Hieroglyphs and Art [pdf]
Houston, Baines & Cooper (2003): Last Writing, pp. 435–450 [pdf]

Homework 3
due Sept 23

Sept 16 Structure
Texts
Week 5 Maya hieroglyphs
Sept 21 Background
Structure
Gnanadesikan
chapter 5 — Maya Glyphs: Calendars of Kings
Online
Lawler (2006): Claim of Oldest New World Writing Excites Archaeologists [pdf]
Kettunen & Helmke (2008): Introduction to Maya Hieroglyphs, pp. 4–15 [pdf]
Maya Syllabary [pdf] and Concise Dictionary [pdf]
Houston, Baines & Cooper (2003): Last Writing, pp. 457–470 [pdf]

Homework 4
due Sept 30

No recitation sections Sept 25.

Sept 23 Structure (cont.)
Texts
(Other systems)
Week 6 Chinese morphosyllabic writing
Sept 28 Language
Historical development
Gnanadesikan
chapter 4 — Chinese: A Love of Paperwork
Online
John DeFrancis (1989): Chinese [html or pdf]
Zhou Youguang (2003): Breakup of Homophones [html or pdf]
optional: William Boltz (1986): Early Chinese Writing [pdf]

Homework 5
due Oct 7

Sept 30 Structure
Morphemes
Week 7 Japanese writing: A mixed system
Oct 5 Language
Kanji
Gnanadesikan
chapter 7 — Japanese: Three Scripts are Better than One
Online
J. Marshall Unger (1996): The Modern Japanese Writing System [html or pdf]
J. Marshall Unger (1987): The Price of Tradition [html or pdf]

No homework due next week. Study for the midterm.

No recitation sections Oct 9.

Oct 7 Kana
Text
Week 8 Phonographic writing in East Asia
Oct 12 Yi and Vietnamese
Korean
Gnanadesikan
chapter 11 — King Sejong’s One-Man Renaissance
Online
Korean Language School (2006): Short History of the Korean Alphabet [pdf]
Stephen Wright (2004): Linguistic and Philosophical Origins of the Korean Alphabet [pdf]

No homework due next week.

No recitation sections Oct 16.

Oct 14 Midterm exam
Week 9 Syllabic writing
Oct 19 Syllabaries
Cherokee and Cree
Gnanadesikan
chapter 6 — Linear B: The Clerks of Agamemnon
chapter 8 — Cherokee: Sequoyah Reverse-Engineers
Online
David Sansone (2003): Greece in the Bronze Age [pdf]
Helène Whittaker (2005): Social and symbolic aspects of Minoan writing [pdf]

Homework 6
due Oct 28

Oct 21 Linear B, Cypriot, Linear A, Texts
(Undeciphered)
Week 10 Alphasyllabic systems
Oct 26 Indus Valley
Early Indic
Gnanadesikan
chapter 10 — The Empire of Sanskrit
Online
Steven M. Kossak & Edith W. Watts (2001): South Asia [pdf]
Andrew Lawler (2004): The Indus Script — Write or Wrong? [pdf]

Homework 7
due Nov 4

Oct 28 Indic descendents
Ethiopic
Texts
Week 11 Consonantal writing
Nov 2 Early alphabets
Further developments
Gnanadesikan
chapter 9 — The Semitic Alphabet: Egypt to Manchuria in 3,400 Years
Online
A.R. Millard (1986): The Infancy of the Alphabet [pdf]
Bruce Fellman (2000): The Birthplace of the ABCs [html]

Homework 8
due Nov 11

Nov 4 Modern alphabets
Texts
Week 12 The alphabetic principle in Greece
Nov 9 Transmission
Epichoric alphabets
Gnanadesikan
chapter 12 — Greek Serendipity
Online
Timeline of Ancient Greece [pdf]
Sven-Tage Teodorsson (2006): Eastern Literacy, Greek Alphabet, and Homer [pdf] through p. 175

Homework 9
due Nov 18

Nov 11 Classical writing
Descendent alphabets
(More inscriptions)
Week 13 The alphabet in Italy
Nov 16 Etruscan
Gnanadesikan
chapter 13 — The Age of Latin
Online
Timeline of Ancient Rome [pdf]
Wilford (2003): Lost No More: An Etruscan Rebirth [html]

No homework due next week.

 

Nov 18 Latin
Week 14 Early English orthography
Nov 23 Runes
Old English
Gnanadesikan
chapter 14 — The Alphabet Meets the Machine
Online
James Campbell (2000): Britain, AD 500 [html]
Brett Kessler & Rebecca Treiman (2003): Is English spelling chaotic? [pdf]

Thanksgiving Break,
Nov 26–27

Nov 25 Friday classes today;
no recitations
Week 15 Middle and Modern English
Nov 30 Middle English

Gnanadesikan
no reading
Online
Per Linell (1982): Speech and Writing. [html]

Homework 10
available Monday, Nov 30;
due Dec 8 at midnight

Dec 2 Modern English
The alphabet
Week 16 Implications of literacy
Dec 7 Vai literacy
Written language and literacy
Gnanadesikan
no reading
Online
Sylvia Scribner & Michael Cole (1981): The Practice of Literacy. [pdf]

Study for the final exam.

Dec 9 Reading days
Final exam

Dec 16

12 – 2 

Cohen 402